2021年大学英语六级长难句解析100句.doc

六级真题阅读长难句分析1. For hundreds of millions of years，turtles (海龟) have struggled out of the sea to lay their eggs on sandy beaches，long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them，or GPS satellites and marine biologists to track them，or volunteers to handcarry the hatchlings (幼龟) down to the waters edge lest they become disoriented by headlights and crawl towards a motel parking lot instead. (6月)【分析】本句为复合句，主架为 turtles have struggled。For hundreds of millions of years 为介词短语作时间状语。before 为时间状语从句，该从句采用是there be构造，主语为or连接三个名词（词组）：natural documentaries，GPS satellites and marine biologists和volunteers，主语后不定式均为主语后置定语。lest“以免”引导状语从句，采用虚拟语调。【译文】数百万年以来，海龟们都挣扎着从海里爬出来，到沙滩上产卵，那时候还没有自然纪录片来记录它们活动，没有GPS卫星和海洋生物学家跟踪它们，没有志愿者用手把小海龟放到水边以防它们被桅灯搞得迷失方向而爬向旅馆停车场。2. The figures prompted Oceana to petition the government to upgrade the level of protection for the North Atlantic loggerheads from “threatened” to “endangered” meaning they are in danger of disappearing without additional help. (6月)【分析】本句为复合句，主架为The figures prompted Oceana。to petition the government为不定式作prompted状语，to upgrade the level of protection 为不定式作petition状语。they are in danger help作meaning宾语，相称于省略了引导词that宾语从句。【译文】这些数字迫使Oceana向政府祈求将对北大西洋大海龟保护限度由“受到威胁”提高到“濒临灭绝”，这意味着如果没有额外保护，它们将面临消失危险。3. But Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness，and a report by the Fish and Wildlife Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species of North Atlantic sea turtles，notably loggerheads，which can grow to as much as 400 pounds. (6月)【分析】本句为并列复合句，主架为Nature is indifferent and a report showed a drop。But表转折。by the Fish and Wildlife Service为介词短语作report后置定语。which can grow to as much as 400 pounds为非限制性定语从句，修饰loggerheads。be indifferent to意为“对无动于衷”。a drop in指“在方面下降”。【译文】但是大自然对人们平等观念却漠不关怀，渔业和野生动物服务组织一项报告显示，北大西洋好几种海龟数量都在令人担忧地下降，特别是一种可以长到400磅重大海龟。4. The narrow strips of beach on which the turtles lay their eggs are being squeezed on one side by development and on the other by the threat of rising sea levels as the oceans warm. (6月)【分析】本句为复合句，主架为 beach are being squeezed。on which eggs为定语从句，修饰beach。squeezed后接了两个由on one side and on the other构造连接状语：by development和by the threat。of rising sea levels为介词短语作threat后置定语。as the oceans warm为因素状语从句。【译文】一方面是人类开发，另一方面是海平面因海水变暖而上升，使得海龟们产卵狭窄沙滩正在缩小。5. It turns out，according to Griffin，that while we have done a good job of protecting the turtles for the weeks they spend on land (as egg-laying females，as eggs and as hatchlings)，we have neglected the years they spend in the ocean. (6月)【分析】本句为复合句，主架为It turns out that。according to Griffin为插入语。that while in the ocean为宾语从句。while在这里为连词，表转折。they spend on land为省略了引导词定语从句，修饰是the weeks。括号内内容进一步解释they spend on land，as相称于“作为”。they spend in the ocean为省略了引导词定语从句，修饰the years。【译文】按照Griffin说法，答案是这样：虽然咱们对保护海龟们（产卵母海龟，龟卵，小海龟）在岸上度过几种星期做得较好，但是咱们却忽视了它们在海里度过岁月。6. Ultimately we must get a handle on those issues as well，or a creature that outlived the dinosaurs (恐龙) will meet its end at the hands of humans，leaving our descendants to wonder how a creature so ugly could have won so much affection. (6月)【分析】本句为复合句，主架为we must or。or表条件。get a handle on sth.指“着手解决某事”。that dinosaurs为定语从句，修饰是a creature。leaving our 为当前分词短语作成果状语。how a affection为宾语从句，作wonder宾语。固定短语meet ones end指“迎接末日，即死亡”，at the hands of为，指“出自之手，由完毕”。【译文】最后，咱们必要着手解决这些问题，否则，这种比恐龙寿命还要长生物将会在人类手中灭绝，从而给咱们后裔留下疑问：为什么这样丑生物却能获得人们如此多关爱？7. But economists say families about to go into debt to fund four years of partying，as well as studying，can console themselves with the knowledge that college is an investment that，unlike many bank stocks，should yield huge dividends. (6月)【分析】本句为复合句，主架为economists say families can。about to go into debt为families后置定语，to fund four years为不定式作目状语，of partying，as well as studying为介词短语作后置定语。that college investment为同位语从句，作knowledge同位语；that should yield huge dividends为定语从句，修饰是investment，在该从句中，unlike many bank stocks为插入语。【译文】但是，经济学家说，那些即将要负债来支付四年约会和学习费用家庭可以从如下事实得到某些安慰：上大学是一项投资，与银行股票不同是，这项投资将有巨大红利。8. A study by two Harvard economists notes that the “labor-market premium to skill” or the amount college graduates earned thats greater than what high-school graduates earned decreased for much of the 20th century，but has come back with a vengeance (报复性地) since the 1980s. (6月)【分析】本句为复合句，主架为A study notes。by two Harvard economists作study后置定语，阐明study发起者。that引导一种很长宾语从句，作notes宾语。在该宾语从句中，主语为the “labor-market premium to skill”，谓语有两个，由but连接，即decreased和has come back。for much of the 20th century和since the 1980s为时间状语，修饰谓语。两个破折号中间内容为插入语，解释阐明“labor-market premium to skill”。在该插入语中，what引导宾语从句，作than宾语，相称于the amount。【译文】哈佛大学两位经济学者所做一项研究指出，“劳动力市场给技能额外收益”或者说大学毕业生比高中毕业生挣得多那某些钱在20世纪大某些时间都在下降，但是从20世纪80年代起，开始迅速回升。9. But a look at the strange variations in tuition reveals that the choice about which college to attend doesnt come down merely to dollars and cents. (6月)【分析】本句为复合句，主架为a look reveals。that引导宾语从句，作reveals宾语。about which college to attend为介词短语作choice后置定语。which college to attend为宾语从句，作about宾语。come down to指“取决于”。【译文】但是看一下学费奇怪变化，就可以懂得选取去哪所大学不但仅取决于金钱了。10. No，in this consumerist age，most buyers arent evaluating college as an investment，but rather as a consumer product like a car or clothes or a house. (6月)【分析】本句为简朴句，主架为buyers arent evaluating college as but rather as。in this consumerist age为时间状语。破折号后like a house解释阐明consumer product。evaluate sth. as 指“将某物评估为”。【译文】不，在这个消费年主义代，大多数买家不是把上大学看作投资，而是看作消费品就像汽车、衣服和房子同样。11. As with automobiles，consumers in todays college marketplace have vast choices，and people search for the one that gives them the most comfort and satisfaction in line with their budgets. (6月)【分析】本句为and连接并列复合句，主架为consumers have vast choices，and people search for the one。in todays college marketplace为介词短语作后置定语。that gives satisfaction为定语从句，修饰是the one。in line with their budgets为介词短语作状语。in line with指“与一致，按照”。【译文】与买汽车同样，消费者在如今大学市场有诸多选取，人们会按照自己预算寻找那些让她们感到最舒服最满意。12. Since ，more than 1,000 high school and college students in the U.S. have participated in the Body Project，which works by getting girls to understand how they have been buying into the notion that you have to be thin to be happy or successful. (6月)【分析】本句为复合句，主架为 students have participated in the Body Project。Since 为时间状语。which successful为非限制性定语从句，修饰是the Body Project。by understand为方式状语。how they notion为宾语从句，作understand宾语。that you successful为同位语从句，解释是notion。buy into指“接受并受（某种思想、观点等）影响”。【译文】从起，在美国已有超过1000名高中和大学生参加了这项“身体筹划”，这一筹划旨在让女孩们理解她们是如何被灌输那种“为了成功和幸福，你必要瘦”思想。13. Such lasting effects may be due to girls realizing not only how they were being influenced but also who was benefiting from the societal pressure to be thin. (6月)【分析】本句为复合句，主架为 effects may be due to。girls realizing为动名词作宾语。realizing后接了两个由并列构造not only but also 连接宾语从句，分别是how they were being influenced和who was benefiting to be thin。【译文】这些持续效果也许是由于女孩们不但意识到了她们是如何受到影响，还意识到了谁从这些让人们感到应当瘦身社会压力中受益。14. The company did not have the money to hire “experts”，and there was no established athletic footwear industry in North America from which to recruit those knowledgeable in the field. (12月)【分析】本句为and连接并列复合句，主架为The company did not have the money and there was no industry。to hire “experts”为动词不定式作目状语。established athletic footwear为industry前置定语。in North America为地点状语。from which to recruit those knowledgeable in the field为“介词which”引导定语从句，修饰是North America。【译文】公司没有钱去雇佣“专家”，并且当时在北美也没有既成运动鞋行业，无法从这一领域招聘到有才干人。15. Whats more，demand for animal products in developing countries is growing so fast that meeting it will require an extra 300 million tons of grain a year by 2050. (12月)【分析】本句为复合句，主架为 demand is growing so fast that。Whats more为插入语。that by 2050为成果状语从句，其中meeting it为当前分词短语作主语。【译文】此外，发展中华人民共和国家对动物制品需求上升不久，要满足这些需求，需要在2050年之前每年增长3亿吨谷粮。16. The key will be to abandon the rather simple and static measures of sustainability，which centre on the need to maintain production without increasing damage. (12月)【分析】本句为复合句，主架为The key will be。to abandon sustainability为不定式作表语。which centre on the need damage为非限制性定语从句，修饰是measures of sustainability。【译文】核心是要摒弃简朴、一成不变可持续发展办法，这些办法以满足生产需要但又不增长对环境破坏为中心。17. That is a much larger question than what should happen with undocumented workers，or how best to secure the border，and it is one that affects not only newcomers but groups that have been here for generations. (12月)【分析】本句为and连接并列复合句，主架为That is a larger question and it is one。much修饰larger。than后接了两个由or连接宾语从句：what should workers和how best border。that groups为定语从句，修饰是one。在该定语从句中，谓语affects后跟两个由并列构造not only but 连接宾语，分别是newcomers和groups。that have been here for generations为定语从句，修饰是groups。【译文】这个问题，比“对没有合法身份工人应当采用什么政策”、“如何才干保证边境安全”之类问题要重要得多，它不但影响到新移民，也影响到那些在美国生活了好几代族群。18. In time，Italians，Romanians and members of other so-called inferior races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly，in ways too numerous to detail，to the building of this magnificent nation. (12月)【分析】本句为简朴句，主架为Italians，Romanians and members became Americans and contributed to the building。of other so-called inferior races为介词短语作后置定语，修饰members。in ways too numerous to detail为插入语。【译文】随着时间流逝，意大利人、罗马尼亚人以及其她被称作“劣等民族”人成为了美国人中典范，她们以各种各样方式为建设伟大美国贡献良多。19. But as arguments about immigration heat up the campaign trail，we also ought to ask some broader questions about assimilation，about how to ensure that people，once outsiders，dont forever remain marginalized within these shores. (12月)【分析】本句为复合句，主架为we ought to ask questions。But表转折。as arguments campaign trail为时间状语从句。about，about为介词短语作后置定语，修饰questions。how to ensure为宾语从句，作about宾语。that peopleshores为宾语从句，作ensure宾语，在该从句中，once outsiders为插入语。【译文】在总统竞选活动中，移民问题又再次升温，咱们应当问些更广泛关于“同化”问题，即如何保证这些过去局外人不会在这个国度永远处在边沿地位。20. Sustainable development is applied to just about everything from energy to clean water and economic growth，and as a result it has become difficult to question either the basic assumptions behind it or the way the concept is put to use. (12月)【分析】本句为并列复合句。本句主干为development is applied to everything，and it has become difficult to question。from to 意为“从到”，from to growth修饰everything。as a result表达到果。either or 意为“或者或者”，either or the way 作question宾语。the concept is put to use是定语从句，先行词为way，在这里可以不用引导词。【译文】可持续发展被应用到了从能源到干净水和经济增长几乎每个领域。成果，要想质问这一概念背后基本假设或者这一概念是如何被执行，就变得很困难。21. This is especially true in agriculture，where sustainable development is often taken as the sole measure of progress without a proper appreciation of historical and cultural perspectives. (12月)【分析】本句为复合句。主句为This is especially true in agriculture。where引导非限定性定语从句sustainable perspectives修饰逗号前面agriculture。historical and cultural perspectives意为“从历史和文化角度”。【译文】这一现象在农业领域更是如此。在农业领域，可持续发展经常被当作进步唯一原则，但人们忽视了从历史和文化角度去合理地评价。22. Although children of Mexican immigrants do better，in terms of educational and professional attainment，than their parents，UCLA sociologist Edward Telles has found that the gains dont continue.【分析】本句为复杂句。主句为UCLA sociologist Edward Telles has found that the gains dont continue。Although引导让步状语从句。in terms of意为“在方面”，in terms attainment在句中作插入语。that引导宾语从句作find宾语。【译文】尽管墨西哥移民孩子在教诲和职业造诣方面比她们父母做得要好，但加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校社会学家爱德华泰勒斯却发现，她们收入没有增长。23. Telles fears that Mexican-Americans may be fated to follow in the footsteps of American blacks that large parts of the community may become mired (陷入) in a seemingly permanent state of poverty and underachievement.【分析】本句为复合句。句子主干为Telles fears that。that引导宾语从句作fears宾语。破折号后内容对前面内容进行解释阐明，阐明美籍墨西哥人正在步美国黑人后尘。【译文】泰勒斯紧张，美籍墨西哥人注定要步美国黑人后尘大某些人都也许陷入看似永远贫困和失意。24. It is sitting at a record low against the euro and at a 30-year low against the Canadian dollar. (6月)【分析】本句为简朴句。句子主干为It is sitting。It指代是前文中美元。at the Canadian dollar为介词短语。against 在这里表达美元与其她外币兑换比率。【译文】美元对欧元比率也跌破记录，美元对加拿大元比率更是跌到近三十年最低点。25. Many Europeans may view the U.S. as an arrogant superpower that has become hostile to foreigners. (6月)【分析】本句为复合句。句子主干为Europeans may view the U.S. as a superpower。view as意为“把看做”；第一句中that引导定语从句，先行词为arrogant superpower。【译文】许多欧洲人会以为美国是一种傲慢自大超级大国，对外国人不和谐。但是，没有什么比疲软美元更让她们觉得美国温暖了。26. We see our kids college background as a prize demonstrating how well weve raised them. (6月)【分析】本句为复合句。主句为We see our kids college background as a prize。see as意为“把看做”；demonstrating为当前分词作定语修饰prize；how well weve raised them为demonstrating宾语从句。【译文】咱们将孩子大学背景看做是对自己辛苦抚养她们奖励。27. Underlying the hysteria (歇斯底里) is the belief that scarce elite degrees must be highly valuable. (6月)【分析】本句为复合句。主句为Underlying the hysteria is the belief。Underlying the hysteria为当前分词做主语，that引导同位语从句，修饰belief。【译文】支撑这种疯狂是这样一种信念：稀有精英学位必然价值颇高。28. Im now applying to graduated school，which means someday Ill return to a profession where people need to be nice to me in order to get what they want. (12月)【分析】本句为复合句。主句为Im now applying to graduated school。which引导非限制性定语从句，作从句主语。在定语从句中包括了一种省略了引导词that宾语从句，作means宾语。宾语从句中又嵌套了一种where引导定语从句，修饰profession，where在从句中作状语。在这个定语从句中又包括一种what引导宾语从句，作get宾语。【译文】当前，我在申请研究生学历，这就意味着有一天我重回职场时，人们会为了一己之利而对我献媚。29. Like most people，Ive long understood that I will be judged by my occupation，that my profession is a gauge people use to see how smart or talented I am. (12月)【分析】本句为并列复合句。主句为Ive understood。主句谓语动词understood后有两个并列that引导宾语从句。在第二个宾语从句中包括一种省略that定语从句people use，修饰gauge，还包括一种how引导宾语从句。【译文】像大多数人同样，长期以来，我始终以为人们会以职业来评判我，我职业才是人们用来评价我聪颖才智原则。30. According to an International Energy Agency study，if consumers chose those models that would save them the most money over the life of the appliance，theyd cut global residential power consumption (and their utility bills) by 43 percent. (12月)【分析】本句为复合句。主句为theyd cut by 43 percent。if 引导条件状语从句，在从句中包括了一种that引导定语从句，修饰models。这个条件状语从句为虚拟语调，表达对当前假设，从句谓语用过去时态，主句谓语动词用would do。【译文】 一份国际能源署研究表白，如果消费者选取在有效期间能节约电器费用家电型号，她们将节约43%全球居民用电量(和电费)。31. “Men in my generation (aged 25-40) have a fear of becoming dads because we have no role models,” says Jon Smith，a writer. (12月)【分析】本句为复合句。句子主干为“Men have a fear of becoming dads,” says Jon Smith。在直接引语中有一种because引导因素状语从句。在宾语从句为直接引语句子里，若所有或某些直接引语位于主句之前则用倒装。【译文】“跟我同步代男性(25岁到40岁之间)都胆怯当爸爸，这是由于咱们没有学习榜样，”作家乔史密斯这样说道。32. “Our nations core bargain with the middle class is disintegrating,” lamented (哀叹) the 117th richest man in America. (12月)【分析】本句为复合句。本句主干为“bargain with the middle class is disintegrating,” lamented the richest man。直接引语作lament宾语从句。在宾语从句为直接引语句子里，若所有或某些直接引语位于主句之前，惯用倒装。【译文】“咱们国家与中产阶级讨价还价核心条件正在崩溃，”一位在美国富豪排行榜排名117位富翁哀叹道。33. If you love the social aspects of your job，but are stuck inside on office or “chained to your desk” most of the time，vow to follow your instinct and investigate alternative careers and work that allow you more time to interact with others. (6月)【分析】本句为复合句。主句为一种祈使句vow to，其中包括一种that引导定语从句，修饰work，that在从句中作主语。If引导条件状语从句。从句中包括一种but连接并列构造。【译文】如果你喜欢自己工作具备社会性，然而大某些时间你却被拴在办公室里或者“被绑在办公桌上”，那就发誓按照自己内心想法行事，去调查一下那些可以让你有更多时间与她人进行交流行业。34. Miller developed a 7-step process to help potential job seekers assess their current s