人教版英语八年级英语下册阅读理解.doc

人教版英语八年级英语下册阅读理解

一、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
1．语法填空
    China has a very long history. It has many great traditional skills that have a wide influence（影响）. Here we mainly talk about kites.
    The earliest mention of a kite in ancient China dates back to the 5th century BC. It was made of wood and used as a rescue signal（求救信号）.
    At the time between 770 and 221 BC, Chinese kites were actually called "muyuan". They were first invented in Shandong Province for military  purposes（军事目的）. The kites were used to send important messages during the Chu-Han War（206—202 BC）. During the Tang Dynasty（618—907 AD）, kites were made of lighter materials, such as bamboo, silk and paper. At that time, people began to fly kites for other purposes. It was believed that letting go of the kite could remove bad luck and illness.
    Today, kite-flying is an interesting and healthy activity in China. There are large kite-flying festivals held throughout the country, and kite makers can show off their skills during the festivals.
（1）A kite was first mentioned in ancient China             .
A. in the 5th century BC                                       B. two thousand years ago
C. one thousand years ago                                  D. in the 4th century BC
（2）Between 770 and 221 BC,             .
A. kites had a wide influence                              B. kites were used as a rescue signal
C. kites were used to send family letters             D. kites were invented for military purposes
（3）What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A. Kite-flying is very popular in China today.     B. Kite-flying is a good way to show off skills.
C. Kite-flying has a very long history.                 D. Kite-flying can help people keep fit.
（4）According to the passage, we can say that            .
A. it is very easy to fly a kite
B. in order to have good luck, we must fly a kite
C. kites have become lighter since the Tang Dynasty
D. in order to keep healthy, we must fly a kite every day
【答案】 （1）A
（2）D
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了风筝在中国从古至今的发展过程。
（1）细节题。根据第二段提到的 The earliest mention of a kite in ancient China dates back to the 5th century BC.  可知，风筝最早在公元前5世纪，在中国出现，故选A。
（2）细节题。根据第三段提到的 hey were first invented in Shandong Province for military  purposes（军事目的）. 可知风筝被用于军事目的，故选D。
（3）主旨大意题。根据第三段说中国举办了很多风筝比赛，可知风筝在中国已经很出名了，故选A。
（4）推断题。根据第三段提到的 During the Tang Dynasty（618—907 AD）, kites were made of lighter materials, such as bamboo, silk and paper.  可知风筝变得越来越轻，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

2．阅读理解
    Mr. Ellis is very old. He has seen many changes in his hometown.
He knows that things are different now. But he never forgets the old days. He likes to talk about them. He often talks about his favorite birds , the robins （一种小鸟---鸫）."When I was a boy, these houses were not here. There were wide fields and tall trees. Every spring the robins would come. Thousands of them would fly up to the north from the south. They spent the winter in the south. Some would build their nests （巢） in the trees near our houses. Then people started to cut down trees, and built more houses. The robins stopped coming. They couldn't build their nests near our houses because there were no trees."
    "Now there are too many houses and too many roads. There are no places for the robins. They don't come any more."
（1）Mr. Ellis often talks about__________.
A. his old house                    B. the old days                    C. his life now                    D. his family
（2）The robins spent the winter in__________.
A. the south                          B. the west                          C. the north                          D. the east
（3）__________ built the nests in the trees.
A. Mr. Ellis                      B. Some people                      C. The robins                      D. Some dogs
（4）The robins hasn't come to the hometown because
A. people has built more houses.
B. There are too many trees.
C. it is colder in the north now.
D. There are no places for the robins
（5）From the passage we can know that___________.
A. Mr. Ellis likes his new life now.
B. there were many houses in the old days.
C. the robins can make houses without trees.
D. Mr. Ellis is not happy with the changes there.
【答案】 （1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
（5）D
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了 Ellis先生记忆中的一种鸟——鸫，以及家乡的变化。
（1）细节理解题。根据第二段 But he never forgets the old days. He likes to talk about them. 但他永远忘不了旧时光，他喜欢讨论他们，可知Ellis先生喜欢谈论旧时光。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段 They spent the winter in the south. 可知，鸟儿在南方过冬。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段 Some would build their nests （巢） in the trees near our houses. 有些会把他们的巢建在房子附近的树上，可知有些鸫会把他们的巢建在房子附近的树上。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 They couldn't build their nests near our houses because there were no trees. 他们不能把他们的巢建在我们房子附近，因为没有树，可知家乡已经没有地方给鸫筑巢了。故选D。
（5）推理判断题。根据最后一段 There are no places for the robins. They don't come any more. 没有地方给鸫了，他们不再来了，可知Ellis先生觉得很遗憾，因此他对家乡的变化应该是觉得不开心的。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先快速浏览、分析问题，抓住关键词；其次带着问题通读全文，了解文章大意，找到依据，确定答案；最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

3．阅读理解

（1）Which country does this postcard come from?
A. China.                            B. Canada.                            C. England.                            D. Australia.
（2）How did Tom go to Holiday Cove?
A. By plane.                             B. By train.                             C. By ship.                             D. By car.
（3）Why does Peter want to go to the aquarium（水族馆） instead of the crocodile farm?
A. Because he has visited it before.
B. Because he is afraid of crocodiles.
C. Because he is interested in dolphins.
D. Because he has no tickets to the crocodile farm.
【答案】 （1）D
（2）A
（3）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：Tom假期去了澳大利亚，并且玩的开心，同时将要去水族馆。
（1）细节题。根据明信片右边的邮票上提到的Australia，可知明信片来自澳大利亚，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据文章提到的when we landed，可知他们坐飞机去的，故选A。
（3） 细节题。根据文章提到的Peter is scared，可知他害怕，所以不想去鳄鱼馆，故选B。
【点评】考查细节题，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，熟悉问题，带着问题到文章找出答案，即可。

4．阅读理解
    Every student can learn rope jumping. You can jump alone or with your classmate. You can also help turn a long rope for many others to jump over, one at a time. If you jump alone, you will need a short rope and it will be just enough for your height. Try ropes of different lengths until you find a right one for your size.
    A rope should be turned slowly. It must also be turned high enough to let you jump freely and safely. Turning the rope freely and safely needs careful timing. In rope jumping, timing means turning the rope slowly enough for you to jump over at the right time without its striking your feet.
    When you jump rope, you breathe faster and your face has a healthy color. But if you jump too many times at first, you will get tired. You must learn when to stop for a rest before you jump again. If you practice, you can increase the number of times without resting.
（1）How many people can join in rope jumping?
A. One alone.                       B. Two.                       C. One or more.                       D. Two or more.
（2）Why should the rope be turned high and slowly?
A. Because it can let students jump high.        B. Because it can let students jump slowly.
C. Because it can let students jump happily.    D. Because it can let students jump successfully.
（3）What does the underlined word "increase" in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. 甩动                                    B.  保持                                    C.  减少                                    D. 增加
（4）In which part of the newspaper can we read the passage?
A. Sports.                                B. News.                                C. Travel.                                D. Food.
【答案】 （1）C
（2）D
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文介绍了学生们最熟悉的一种体育运动，跳绳，同时讲述了一个道理，熟能生巧。
（1）细节理解题，根据 You can jump alone or with your classmate. You can also help turn a long rope for many others to jump over, one at a time. 可知，跳绳既可以是一个人也可以是两个人，甚至是多个人，故答案是C。
（2）细节理解题，根据 In rope jumping, timing means turning the rope slowly enough for you to jump over at the right time without its striking your feet. 可知，绳子慢了就绊不到你的脚了，你就可以轻松通过去，你就成功了，故答案是D。
（3）词义猜测题，根据经验我们知道，如果你不断地练习，慢慢地你跳的次数会越来越多，因此increase的意思是增加，故答案是D。
（4）推理判断题，跳绳是体育运动的一种，也是一种休闲运动，如果读报的话，可以在体育版面看到，故答案是A。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题、词义猜测题和推理判断题，细节理解题一般都可以直接在文中找到答案或者依据，词义猜测题则需要根据重点语句或者生活经验进行合理想象，得出结论，推理判断题需要根据已有的知识根据一定的推理方法得出结论。

5．阅读理解
    April 22 is Earth Day. Everyone on Earth should care about and protect the earth!
    The earth has warmed by about 1°F （华氏度） over the past 100 years, but why and how? Well, scientists are not quite sure. Maybe the earth gets warmer and warmer on its own. But many scientists say that people are doing many things which makes the earth warmer. First, greenhouse effect （温室效应） is a very important reason for the change of the earth. People give out too much energy into the air every year. It makes the earth warmer. Climate （气候） change is another important reason. Sometimes it becomes too hot and sometimes too cold. Sometimes there is too much rain and sometimes too little. The change of the climate makes the earth warmer. In turn, the warmth of the earth changes the climate, too.
    When the earth becomes warmer, there may be more rain and a rise in sea level. It will affect the growth of plants, animals and people. On a Pacific island, 100 people have to move to higher ground because the sea is rising. These people can no longer live on the coast. Before that, two islands without people went underwater in 1999. Scientists say that the seas can rise by nearly one meter by 2100.
    People can affect the earth's air, land and water. As for us, we can do many things to protect the earth. For example, we can use fridges less. We can tell more people about protecting the earth.
（1）Earth Day is probably set for people to ______.
A. learn more about the earth                             B. make full use of the earth
C. take better care of the earth.                          D. study the warmth of the earth
（2）Greenhouse effect comes from______.
A. sea rising             B. climate change             C. nature's unbalance             D. people's activity
（3）According to the passage, _______ many affect each other.
A. animals and island                                           B. climate and the warmth of the earth
C. fridges and animals                                         D. sea level and the growth of plants
（4）We can infer （推断） from the passage that the reasons for the warmer earth are______ now.
A. not very clear               B. completely secret               C. well known               D. not given yet
（5）The passage mainly tells us that ______.
A. there is more rain now                                     B. we should protect the earth 
C. we must stop pollution                                    D. sea level is getting higher 
【答案】 （1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
（5）B
【解析】【分析】 这篇短文中作者主要分析了地球变暖的原因，并号召我们行动起来保护地球。
（1）推理题。 根据April 22 is Earth Day. Everyone on Earth should care about and protect the earth 4月22日是地球日。地球上的每个人都应该关心和保护地球 ，可知 地球日可能是为人们更好地保护地球准备的，故选C。
（2）推理题。 根据People give out too much energy into the air every year. It makes the earth warmer 人们每年向空气中释放太多的能量。它使地球变暖 ，可知温室效应来自于人类的活动 ，故选D。
（3）推理题。根据 greenhouse effect （温室效应） is a very important reason for the change of the earth. People give out too much energy into the air every year. It makes the earth warmer. Climate （气候） change is another important reason. Sometimes it becomes too hot and sometimes too cold. Sometimes there is too much rain and sometimes too little. The change of the climate makes the earth warmer. In turn, the warmth of the earth changes the climate 温室效应是地球变化的一个非常重要的原因。人们每年向空气中释放太多的能量。它使地球变暖。气候变化是另一个重要原因。有时太热，有时太冷。有时雨太大，有时雨太少。气候的变化使地球变暖。反过来，地球的温暖也改变了气候 可知， 气候和地球的变暖许多因素相互影响 ，故选B。
（4）推理题。 根据Well, scientists are not quite sure. Maybe the earth gets warmer and warmer on its own 科学家不太确定。也许地球自己变得越来越暖和 ，可知地球变暖的原因还不太清楚 ，故选A。
（5）主旨题。 这篇短文中主要分析了地球变暖的原因，告诉我们应该保护地球 ，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题和主旨题，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

6．阅读理解
    In modern society there is a lot of disagreement about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is good for social progress. Others say that competition is bad. It sets one person against another. And it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
    I have taught many children who believe that their self-worth depended on how well they did at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and death matters. In their single-minded dream of success, the development of many other human qualities （品质）is sadly forgotten.
    However, while some seem to be lost in the desire （渴望）to succeed, others take a different attitude. In a culture which values only the winners, they are strongly against competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who are under competitive pressures（压力）from their parents or society They are always told to be the top ones, but they think it's really hard. When I teach these young people, I often find them in a desire to fail. They seem to search for failure（失败）by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse:" I may have lost, but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try. If I had tried and lost, that would mean a lot."
    Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief. They think one's self-respect depends on how well one does compared with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this fear begins to dissolve（消除）can we discover a new meaning in competition,
（1）Why do some people welcome competition according to the passag?
A. It pushes society forward.
B. It improves one's abilities.
C. It develops human qualities.
D. It builds up friendly relationship.
（2）The underlined phrase "the most vocal" in Paragraph 3 means        .
A. those who try their best to win
B. those who value competition most highly
C. those who depend on others most for success
D. those who are against competition most strongly
（3）Which of the following may the writer agree to?
A. Every effort should be paid back.
B. Competition should be encouraged.
C. Winning should be a life-and-death matter.
D. Fear of failure should be taken away in competition.
（4）What does this passage mainly talk about?
A. Competition helps to set up self-respect.
B. Competition is bad for social development.
C. Ideas about competition are different among people.
D. Failures are necessary experiences in competition.
【答案】 （1）A
（2）D
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】短文大意：人们对比赛的态度不一，很多孩子过于重视成功与失败，以至于失去了其他人格品质，