高中定语从句复习.doc

定语从句练习（一）定义及相关术语定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，它的作用相当与一个形容词,因此也叫形容词性从句.被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出.常见的关系词有：指代人 who , whom, that, as指代事物 that, which, as关系代词所属关系 whose指地点 where 指时间 when 关系副词指原因 why（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。2whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。3Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。4That 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。5Whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country.我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.（三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous.The school in which he once studied is very famous. 他曾经就读过的学校很出名。Tomorrow Ill bring here the magazine (which / that) you asked for.Tomorrow Ill bring here the magazine for which you asked.明天我将把你要的杂志带来。注意： 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。This is the watch (which / that) I am looking for. (正) 这是我正在找的手表。This is the watch for which I am looking . (误)若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who, that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。关系代词是所有格时用whose。The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour. (正) 你刚才跟他谈话的那个人是我的邻居。The man with that / who you talked just now is my neighbour. (误)“介词+关系代词”前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数词。如：He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. 他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他都很好。（四）关系副词引导的定语从句1 when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。I still remember the day when I first came to this school. 我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。The time when we got together finally arrived. 我们团聚的时刻终于到了。2 where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。Shanghai is the city where I was born. 上海是我出生的城市。3 why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. 请告诉我你误机的原因。注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。如：From the years when / in which he was going to primary school in the country he had known what he wanted to be when he grew up. 自从他在农村读小学时，他就已经知道长大后要做什么。（五）限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句（一）限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的情况1当先行词是everything, anything, nothing (something 除外), all, none, few, little, some等代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代词修饰时。如：Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said? 李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who，如：Any man that / who has a sense of duty wont do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。2当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。3当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如：This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。4当先行词被the very, the only修饰时。如：This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. 这正是我要买的词典。5当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如：Who is the man that is standing by the gate? 站在门口的那个人是谁？6当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。如：They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school 他们谈论着他们所能记起的在校时的人和事。（二）关系代词as和which 引导的定语从句as 和which 引导非限制性定语从句时， 其用法有相同之处，也有不同之处。具体情况是：1. as 和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。如：He married her, as / which was natural. 他跟她结婚了，这是很自然的事。2. as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至还可以分割主句。 which 引导的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句之后。另外，as 常常有“正如、正像”的含义。如：As is known to all, China is a developing country. 众所周知，中国是发展中国家。1. 当先行词受such, the same 修饰时，关系词常用as。 如：Ive never heard such stories as he tells. 我从未听过象他讲的这样的故事。This is the same dictionary as I lost last week. 这部词典跟我上星期丢失的一样。注意：当先行词受the same 修饰时，偶尔也用 that引导定语从句，但与as引导的定语从句意思有区别。如：She wore the same dress that she wore at Marys wedding. 她穿着她在玛丽婚礼上穿过的同一条连衣裙。She wore the same dress as her younger sister wore. 她穿着跟她妹妹所穿的一样的连衣裙。 (三) 以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由in which或that引导，而且通常可以省略。如：The way (that / in which ) he answered the questions was surprising. 他回答这些问题的方式令人惊奇。（六）定语从句与强调句区别1.This is the library _I borrowed the book.2.It is from this library _I borrowed the book. 分析：强调句句型：It is/was +被强调的成份+that/who +其它部分去掉 It is/was.that/who ,句子照样成立。而定语从句的引导词在句中要作一成份。定语从句专项练习。1、The knife we used to cut the bread is very sharp.AwhichBwithCwith itDwith which2、The brave man, the tiger was shot, is a good hunter.Aof whomBby thatCby whomDby which3、The clever boy made a hole in the wall, he could see what it was going on inside the house.Aon whichBat whichCthrough whichDin which4、The beautiful dress Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed from a friend of hers.Ain whichBworn byCthrough whichDon which5、During the days , he worked as a servant at the Browns.Athat followedBto followCfollowingDfollowed6、You may take anything useful .Awhich you wantByou want themCwhat you wantDyou want7、My hometown is no longer the same it used to be.Alike BthatCasDwhich8、The old woman has two sons, one is a teacher.Aof whoBof whomCof whichDof them9、You can take any seat is free.Ain which BthatCwhereDwhich10、Is there anything to you?Athat belongBwhich belongsCthat belongsDthat is belonged11、We hope to get such a tool he is using.AwhereBthatCasDwhich12、Finally came the day he had to begin his study for the next term.AtillBthatCsinceDwhich13、She hasnt got enough money she buys the rings.Afor whichBwith whichCthatDwhich14、Ive read all the books were borrowed from the library.AtheyBwhichC/Dthat15、This is the best hotel in the city I know.AitBwhereCthatDwhich16、Is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn?AitBwhichC/Dthat17、The Second World War millions of people were killed ended in 1945.Aon whichBwhereCin thatDduring which18、The train she was traveling was lateAon thatBfor whichCon whichDwhich19、Winter is the time of year the days are short and nights are long.Aon whichBthatCwhenDwhere20、Ill show you a store you may buy all you need.Athat, thatBwhich, thatCwhere, whichDin which, /21、I still remember the day she first wore that pink dress.Aon whichBon thatCin which Dwhich22、Do you know the reason she got so angry yesterday ?AwhyBwhichCfor thatDfor why23、Is some German friends visited last week ?Athis school whereBthis school oneCthis the schoolDthis school24、Is there any one in your class family is in the city.AwhoseBwhichCwhosDwho25、Can you lend me the book the other day ?Awhich you talkedBthat you talkedCabout that you talkedDyou talked about26、This is one of the best films this year.Awhich has been shownBthat have been shownCthat have shownDhave been shown27、Do you know the man ?Athat I spokeBI spoke toCto who I spokeDwhom I spoke28、There are two thousand students in our school, are girls.Atwo-thirds in whichBtwo-thirds in themCtwo-thirds of them Dof whom two thirds29、I have bought two ball-pens, writes well.Aneither of themBnone of themCneither of whichDnone of which30、He built a telescope he could study the skies.Aby itBthrough whichCwith thatDin which31、Do you know the reason he was late?Afor whichBfor whatCwhichDthat32、 has been said above, grammar is a set of dead rules.AAsBThatCWhatDWhich33、John got beaten in the game, had been expected.AwhoBwhatCthatDas34、Theyre invented me to their party, is kind of them.AthisBthatCwhichDas35、Crusoes dog became ill and died, made him very lonely.AthisBthatCwhichDas36、There isnt so much noise in the country in big cities.AasBwhereCwhichDthat37、I often thought of my childhood, I lived on a farm.AwhoBwhenCwhereDwhich38、Next month, youll be in your hometown, is coming.AwhereBwhenCthatDwhich39、The next thing must be done is to make a plan.AwhichBthatCwhenD/40、He talked happily about the men and books interested him greatly in the school.AthatBwhenCwhoDwhich高考真题1. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child. (NMET 1996)A. which B. that C. whereD. when2. Carol said the work would be done by October, _ personally I doubt very much. (NMET 1999)A. it B. that C. whenD. which3. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _, of course, made the others unhappy. (NMET 2000)A. whoB. which C. this D. what4. _ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. (NMET 2001)A. It B. As C. ThatD. What5. The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of in that far-away village. (NMET2001)A. until B. that C. whenD. where6. _ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing. (1994上海卷)A. Which B. As C. ThatD. It7. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m., _ many people have got home. (1995上海卷)A. whose time B. that C. on whichD. by which8. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _ in the forest. (1997上海卷)A. once they grewB. they grew once C. they once grewD. once grew9. He made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importance to science. (1998上海卷)A. which I think is B. which I think it isC. which I think it D. I think is10. He was very rude to the Customs officer, _ of course made things even worse. (1999上海卷)A. who B. whom C. what D. which11. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _ was very reasonable. (2000上海卷)A. which price B. the price of which C. its priceD. the price of whose12. Hes got himself into a dangerous situation _ he is likely to lose control over the plane. (2001上海卷)A. where B. which C. whileD. why13. I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay. (2003上海卷)A. whyB. which C. asD. where14. The gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. (2000上海春)A. whoB. about whom C. whom D. with whom15. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, _ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup. (2000北京春)A. thatB. while C. whichD. when16. The result of the experiment was very good, _ we hadnt expect. (2000北京春)A. whenB. that C. whichD. what17. Have you seen the film Titanic, _ leading actor is world famous? (2001上海春)A. itsB. its C. whose D. which18. John said hed been working in the office for an hour, _ was true. (2001北京春)A. heB. this C. whichD. who19. Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? (2002上海春)A. he explainedB. what he explainedC. how he explainedD. why he explained20. The famous basketballer, _ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. (2002北京春)A. where B. when C. whichD. who21. We are living in an age _ many things are done on computer. (2003北京春)A. which B. that C. whoseD. when22. We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, _ other visitors seldom go. (2002北京)A. what B. which C. whereD. when23. York, _ last year, is a nice old city. (2003北京)A. that I visitedB. which I visited C. where I visitedD. in which I visited24. Luckily, wed brought a road map without _ we would have lost our way. (2004北京春)A. it B. that C. this D. which25. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _ the sailing time was 226 days. (2004广西卷)A. of whichB. during which C. from whichD. for which26. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _are sold abroad. (2004辽宁卷)A. of whichB. which of C. of themD. of that27. There are two buildings, _stands nearly a hundred feet high. (2004湖北卷)A. the largerB. the larger of themC. the larger one thatD. the larger of which28. The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. (2004全国卷)A. for whichB. at which C. in whichD. on which、Fill in the blanks：1、This is the professor taught me chemistry in 1980 .2、The hospital was built five years ago has been modernized.3、This is the boy father died three years ago.4、The film we saw the day before yesterday is very interesting.5、Do you know the student was praised at the meeting?6、1949 is the year the Peoples Republic of China was founded.7、They work in a factory makes radio parts.8、They work in a factory radio parts are made.9、This is the vision phone through we can see and talk to our friends.10、Here are players from Japan, some of are our old friends.11、She lives in a small village, is only three miles from here.12、She is going to spend the summer holidays in Shanghai, she has some friends.13、Well put off the meeting till next week, we wont be so busy.14、The sun gives the earth light and heat, is very important to the living things.15、Those want to go to the computer room write your names here.16、He was often late, made his teacher very angry.17、Who is the person is standing at the gate?18、He talked about the teachers and schools he had visited.、Correct the mistakes in the following sentences if there are any:1、He told us about the countries where he had visited.2、Egypt is a country where is famous for its pyramids.3、China is the country where he spent the best part of his life.4、The days when we spent together cannot be easily forgotten.5、The house stands at the place that the two roads meet.6、We shall visit the college where his father teaches there.7、I know the reason that she looks so worried.8、He left me the book, that is very useful for me.9、This is the room which food is kept.10、April 15, 1976 is the day when well never forget.11、The man came yesterday is our English teacher.12、The students are playing football on the playground are of C