1、 九年级英语宾语从句专题复习教案 双河民族中学 刘凤琼 【复习内容】宾语从句考点归纳 【复习目标】 1.掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词 2.掌握宾语从句的语序──主句+连接词+主语+谓语 3.掌握宾语从句,主句与从句在时态上的呼应。 【重点】语序和时态呼应 【难点】语序和时态呼应 【学生练习】 试一试,你能将下列句子改为宾语从句吗? 1、She is a careful girl. The teacher said a careful girl.
2、 2、I wonder will they win? 3、Does the plane stop on the way? 4、What does he want? 5、 What is wrong with your computer? 【教师指导】 一,所谓宾语从句就是句子的宾语一般由名词、代词、 动名词或动词不定式充当,当一个句子充当宾语时,我们把这个句子叫做宾语从句。 宾语从句的三要点:1、引导词2、从句语序3、从句的时态 二、宾语从句的连接词或引导词 1.连词that,只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略
3、 eg. I am afraid(that)you are right. 2.连词if 、whether,它们起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,作“是否”解,在口语中多用if。 eg. Tom don't know if/whether his grandpa liked the present. He asked me whether or not I was coming. 一般情况下,if 和whether可以互换,但以下3种情况只能用whether: ①在不定式前:Whether to go there or not hasn't
4、 been decided. ②在介词前:It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain. ③与or not连用:They are talking about whether to go there or not. ④宾语从句放在句首表示强调时,只能用whether 。 Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem . 3.连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which,连接副词when, where, why, how, 它们起连
5、接作用,作句子成分,各有自己的意义。 eg.1. He asked ______________________________. (谁能回答这个问题) 2. Do you know__________________________. (他们在等谁) 3. Please tell me ____________________________. (我们什么时候开会) 4. Can you tell me ______________. (他在哪儿) 5. Could you tell me ____________________________. (我该怎么去站)
6、 6. Would you tell me ____________________.(为什么火车迟到了) 三、宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序是陈述语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。特别强调:它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序,而不是疑问句的倒装结构。 Can you tell me who(m) do we have to see?(╳) Can you tell me who(m) we have to see?( √) The teacher asked the students what they were doing.(思考: what在从句中
7、的成分) 陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。 eg. She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.” → She said she would leave a message on the desk. 四、宾语从句的时态呼应 宾语从句中谓语动词的时态,常常受到主句谓语时态的制约,此为时态呼应。如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时,从句谓语的时态不受限制;如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时,从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。 eg. I thought (tha
8、t) you are free today. (╳) I thought (that) you would be free today. ( √) 【注意】当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时,不管主句谓语的时态如何,从句都用一般现在时。 eg. The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun. 五。其他需要说明的问题 1.标点由主句决定,如主句是陈述句、祈使句,则用句号;是疑问句则用问号。 eg. I heard she had been to the Great Wall. Can you te
9、ll me which bus I should take? 2、宾语从句的特殊情形 在“Do you think /believe/suppose----?等”结构中,宾语从句如果是由疑问词引导的,则要用“疑问词+ do you think/believe/suppose +正常语序?” 如:What has happened to him? Do you think? What do you think has happened to him? 3.宾语从句的否定形式 在think, believe等动词后面的宾语从句,如果从句的谓语动词表示否定意义,一般要将
10、否定词not移到主句的谓语动词上面去,即通过否定主句的谓语动词来否定从句的(意义)谓语动词。此时变反意疑问句时仍将宾语从句视为否定,反意疑问部分用肯定形式。如: 1、I don't think he will come. 2、I don't think he will come, will he? 3、I think he will come, won't he? 4. 句式的转变 1、当主句的谓语动词是hope, decide, wish, agree等,其后接宾语从句,并且从句主语与主句主语一致时,可以简化成动词不定式结构。 如:Wei Hua hope
11、s that she will be back soon. Wei Hua hopes to be back soon. 2、当know, learn, remember, forget等动词其后接宾语从句,并且从句主语与主句主语一致时,可以简化成“疑问词+不定式”结构。 如:I don't know what I should say. I don't know what to say. 3、当tell,learn,show,teach等动词其后接宾语从句,并且从句主语与主句的间接宾语一致时,可以简化成“疑问词+不定式”结构。 如:Could you tell me how I can get there?(句子中的 me 和I指的是同一个人)可以改写为:Could you tell me how to get there? 【课堂同步检测】 【复习小结】 1、变宾语从句的四个要素:引导词、语序、时态和标点符号 2、牢记宾语从句中的陈述句语序。 3、注意主句与从句时态的一致性(即:当主句是过去式时,从句要用过去范畴的某种时态,客观真理或自然现象除外)






