新英语国际音标分类四线三格书写习练精心编辑.doc

Page 5 of 5 新英语国际音标读写精练 2012-4-9
音素分类
音标书写
　　　　 音位音长

元音

声带振动

单音口形不变
前元音
[ i: ][ ɪ ][ e ][ æ ]
扁唇形，舌尖抵下齿，依次张大
中元音
[ ɜ: ] [ ə ] [ ʌ ]
圆唇，舌悬空中高，依次张大
后元音
[u:][ʊ][ɔ:][ɒ][ɑ:]
扁圆唇，舌后缩底高，依次张大
双元音口形变
合口
双元音
[eɪ] [ɔɪ] [aɪ]
前长后短，前重后轻，首音长三分之二，次音三分之一，从首音滑向次音，一到即止。
合口
双元音
[əʊ] [aʊ]
集中
双元音
[ɪə] [ʊə] [eə]

辅音

声带振动或无振动

腔阻成音
爆破音
清
[ p ] [ t ] [ k ]
1.双唇闭，气冲成音
2.舌尖抵上齿龈，弹舌成音
3.舌后部抵软鄂，咳气成音
浊
[ b ] [ d ] [ g ]
摩擦音
清
[ s ][θ][ f ][ ʃ ]
1. s z双唇微张，舌尖平近上齿，气流缓出舌齿间，
2. T D双唇微张，舌尖平抵上齿龈冲舌成音
3. S Z圆唇微突出，舌尖微上卷近上齿龈，送气成音
4. F v上齿轻咬下唇，气出唇齿，摩擦成音.
浊
[ z ][ ð ][ z ][ ʒ ]
破擦音
清
[ tr ] [ tʃ ] [ ts ]
口舌摆好首音音位，尽力发出次音，即可成音
浊
[ dr ][ dʒ ][ dz ]
半元音
[ w ] [ j ]
1. W稍圆突唇舌后抬起，嘴唇滑向两边，振动
2. j扁唇微笑，舌尖抵下齿，舌面贴上鄂，振动，
3. 两音长很短，一出即滑至后音
似摩音
[ l ] [ h ] [ r ]
1.l舌抵上齿龈，稍弯，气出舌两边成音，振动
2.h 嘴唇自然张开，呵气成音，声带不振动
3.r舌关上卷悬中，圆唇稍突，冲舌成音,振动
鼻音
[m] [n] [ŋ]]
1.M双唇紧闭，舌尖平悬，气出鼻腔振动
2.n双唇微开，舌尖抵上齿龈，气出鼻腔，振动
3N双唇张开，舌尖抵下齿龈，舌后自然升顶，气出鼻腔，

语流音变
浊化
两清辅音相连，后清变浊，
[sp] →[sb] [st] →[sd] [ sk] →[sg] [ str] →[sdr]
speak spy study star sky school screen street
失爆
两爆相连，爆擦相连，前音失爆
Blackboard bookcase bedside cardboard footbridge Come back tomorrow. I don’t think so.
连读
前词辅音尾，后词元音头，连读成一词
Not at all. There is, on it, in an office ,in English,
Get out, all over, first of all,

英语国际音标新旧对照表
Vowels
元音20个
新
i：
ɪ
e
æ
ɜ:
ə
ʌ
u:
ʊ
ɔ:
旧
i:
i
e
æ
ə:
ə
ʌ
u:
u
ɔ:
新
ɒ
a:
eɪ
aɪ
ɔɪ
əʊ
aʊ
ɪə
eə
ʊə
旧
ɔ
ɑ:
ei
ai
ɔi
əu
au
iə
εə
uə
Consonants
辅音28个
无
变
化
p
b
t
d
k
g
f
v
s
z
T
ð
m
n
ŋ
l
r
h
w
j
ʃ
ʒ
tʃ
dʒ
tr
dr
ts
dz
英语国际音标四线三格书写规范
长元音
[ i:]
[ u:]
[ ɜ:]
[ ɔ:]
[ ɑ:]

短元音
[ ɪ ]
[ ʊ ]
[ ə ]
[ ɒ ]
[ e ]
[ æ ]
[ ʌ ]

双元音
/eɪ/
/ɔɪ/
/aɪ/
/ɪə/
/ʊə/
/eə/
/əʊ/
/aʊ/

轻辅音
/p /
/ t /
/ k /
/ f/
/ ʃ /
/ s /
/θ/

浊辅音
/b /
/d/
/ g /
/ v /
/ ʒ /
/ z /
/ ð /

轻辅音
/ ts/
/ tʃ/
/ tr/
/ h/

浊辅音
/ dz/
/dʒ/
/dr/
/ r/

鼻音
/m/
/ n /
/ ŋ /

半元音
/ j /
/w/

舌侧音
/ ǀ /
含糊音
/ ǀ /

英语国际音标音源练习
一.单元音：vowels（12个）

Page 5 of 5 2012-4-9
1.[ i:] A: Tea or coffee?
B: Tea for Lee and coffee for me, please.
e: me be she he we evening see
ee: sweet bee sweep sheep sleep three green
ea: meat read leaf sea pea teach eat clean
ie, ei, eo: piece, ceiling, people
2.[ ɪ ][ i ] His little sister is sitting in the middle.
i: is English pig fish in fifteen six ship thin
e: begin behind jacket basketball
y: happy heavy busy lorry carry sunny 　　lovely study thirsty　twenty thirty　windy　rainy
ey: monkey money
ay: Sunday Saturday Friday
比较：1.it--eat 　2. live—leave　3. fill—feel
4. seat—sit 　5. tree—trip 6.bit—bee
7. sheep—ship 8. deed—did 9. live—leave 10. feed—fit 11. pea—pit 12. rid—read 13. street—strict 14. sleep—slip
3.[ e ]　Good, better, best. Never let it rest.
Till good is better. And better best.
e: egg bell desk leg red pet then ten pen
ea: bread head breakfast
ai: again
4.[ æ ] Cat, cat! Catch that black rat!
a: dad hat cap bag cat can bad apple bag flag hand rabbit ant black fat has stand rat map
Compare:
1. bet--bat 2. pat—pet 3. bag—beg
4. sat—set 5. neck--lack 6. sad—said 7.bad—bed 8.dad—dead 9.lad—led
10. fad—fed
5. [\:][ə:] The early bird catches the worm first.
er: her serve term
ir:bird girl skirt first dirty skirt shirt
ur:nurse Thursday turtle purple curtain
ear:early learn
or: word work world
6. [ ə ] The farmer’s sister is a doctor.
er:teacher clever brother dinner father sister ruler
ar: sugar
or:doctor
a:panda about above camera sofa China
e: open
ure: picture
7. [ ʌ ] Come to the front on the double.
o: son come colour love money
u: sun nut jump gum us bus brush
supper duck
ou: touch cousin country
8.[ u:] How do you do? You look really cool.
o: do who whose
oo food moon too soon
ui: fruit juice
u: ruler rude
ou:soup
oe:shoe
9.[ ʊ ][u] Look at the cookbook. It’s really good.
o:woman wolf
oo:look good book foot wood classroom
u:bull bullet
10.[ ɔ:] My daughter who’s forty-four is a lawyer.
a: water
aw:draw strawberry
al:ball wall call
or:horse morning corn fork or short
oor:floor door
au: autumn
ar: warm
11. [ ɒ ][ ɔ ] The little pot is so hot.
o: fox coffee dog shop dog
doctor long sorry
a: watch what
12.[ a:] It’s far to the farm from the park.
a: grass glass class plant dance
fast father last half
ar: car star arm park March hard garden
dark scarf
au: laugh aunt ear: heart

二.双元音（8个）：
13. [eɪ] [ ei ] Rain, rain go away.
Little Johnny wants to play.
a: cake make name game snake gate lazy
ai: rain train wait
ay:day May play taday way
ea: great
14. [ ɔɪ ] [ ɔi ] Soybean oil is my choice.
oi: oil boil coin point
oy: boy toy
15. [ aɪ ][ ai ] Out of sight, out of mind.
i: kite bike nice tiger write idea knife five
y: by cry fly my sky try why goodbye
ie: tie pie
uy: buy
16. [ əʊ ][ əu] Go and open the window, Joe,
and show me the photo.
o: nose rose poem old over hello
oa: boat coat soap goat
ow: show window snow bowl
17. [ aʊ ] [au] I found a mouse in the house.
ou: house mouse mouth trousers about round
ow: flower cow how now down town
18. [ ɪə ] [ iə ] We are near the end of the year.
ear: ear hear tear year
eer: deer beer
ea: really
19.[ eə ][εə] Where there is a will, there is a way.
air: hair chair pair
ear: pear bear wear
ere: there
eir: their
are :careful
20. [ ʊə ][ uə]It’s sure to be good for the tourists.
oor: poor
our: tour February
ure: sure pure

三.辅音 Consonants (28个)
[ p ] Practice makes perfect.
[ b ] Barry found a big bug on her bed.
[ t ] Thisis a hat, that’s a cap.
[ d ] The doorman told David to go down.
[ k ] Don’t kit the kitten.
[ g ] A good beginning makes a good ending.
[ f ] If you buy fish, make sure it’s fresh.
[ v ] Victor is very clever.
[ s ] Sandy has a new swimming suit.
[ z ] What size of shoes does Daisy wear?
[ q ] Thank you for your table cloth.
[ ð ] Those are far and these are near.
[ ò ] Wash the fish, please.
[ ʒ] pleasure,  television
[ tò ] He teaches children how to play chess.
[dʒ] John likes to tell jokes.
[ tr] There’re lots of trucks in the street.
[dr] He likes strong drinks.
[ ts] The students are wearing white shirts.
[dz] Take away your dirty hands
鼻音
[m] May I have some milk, mum?
[ n] Nora knows the new comer.
[ ŋ] Lingling is listening to the song.
Compare: n [ n ] ng /nk [ ŋ]
in—ink sin-sing thin---thing
than—thank son---song
摩擦音
[ h] have hot who whole hate house
Helen holds her hands.
[ r ] read write wrong
Are you ready to read?ò
舌边音
[ l ] land world  little middle castle puzzle
What a beautiful bicycle!
半元音
[ w ] wall what answer 
The homework every week is very hard.
[ j ] yes yellow year your skirt is wet.