状语从句复习学案.doc

Overview of Adverbial Clause
状语从句复习学案

1. Definition:
An adverbial clause is a clause that functions as an adverb. （副词）
e.g. Every morning he sits there.
Every morning he sits ________________________. (有一棵枣树的地方)。
He got up at 7:00 in the morning.
He got up ________________. （当闹钟响的时候）
2. Sentence structure of adverbial clause:
主句+连词（除and, but, or以外的）连词+从句
或者（除and, but, or以外的）连词+从句，主句
上述两种句型中的主句和从句都是完整的句子，并且两者的内在联系通过连词显示出来。

3. Classification:
①Adverbial Clause of Time
时间状语从句
连接词
• when / while / as / before / after / until/till

• immediately / directly / instantly
• the moment / the instant / the minute / as soon as
No sooner had …than …/ Hardly had ….when…

• by the time
• each time / every time / whenever

e.g. While Jenny was doing the washing up, the door bell suddenly rang.
The instant I saw him, I knew I have seen him before.
The train had left by the time they rushed to the station.
Every time I went to visit him, he was playing computer games.

②Adverbial Clause of Place
地点状语从句
连接词：
where / everywhere / anywhere
e.g. Put the key where you can find it later.
Everywhere they went, they were kindly received.
Where there is a will, there is a way.

③Adverbial Clause of Reason
原因状语从句
• 连接词：
• because / since / as / for
• in that / now that / seeing that / considering that

Attention:“because”从句强调原因，常用来回答“why”的提问
“since” “as”从句表示的是显而易见的、或已知的原因，强调的内容是主句。
“for”从句表示的是附加、或者推断的原因，且“for”的前面常用逗号“，”与主句隔开.
e.g. Some people say man differs from animals in that we have the ability to laugh.
Considering that his wife has just had a bad cold, he decided to go to the party alone.
He was admitted to a key university, for he had been working very hard.

④Adverbial Clause of Condition
条件状语从句
真实条件句
虚拟条件句
连接词：
if, unless, as/so long as, in case
e.g. I will go to the party if I am invited.
I won’t go to the party unless invited.
If it hadn’t been for your help, I would not have passed the exam.
On condition that / provided that / given that
e.g. We’ll let you use the room on condition that you keep it clean.
Given that the patients have some disabilities, we still try to enable them to be as independent as possible.

⑤Adverbial Clause of Purpose
目的状语从句
• 连接词：so that… / in order that …
• Speak louder so that everyone can hear you.
• They started early in order that they could arrive home before dinner time.
• 连接词：lest… / for fear that …
• We dare not play jokes on him lest he (should) be angry.
• We stood under the tree quietly for fear that the bird (should) fly away.

⑥Adverbial Clause of Result
结果状语从句
• 连接词：so … that / such … that
• He was so angry that he yelled at me.
• It was such a nice day that we picnicked on the grass.
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Attention: So …, such … 置于句首，会引起倒装。
• So angry was he that he yelled at me.
• Such a nice day was it that we picnicked on the grass.

⑦Adverbial Clause of Manner
方式状语从句
• 连接词：as
• You’d better take things as they are.
• She lost her papers, just as I said she would.
• 连接词：as if as though 从句常用虚拟语气
• He looked at me as if I were mad.
• He acted as though he had been there before.

⑧Adverbial Clause of Concession
让步状语从句
• 连接词：
• though although even if even though
• Whether … or
• while
• no matter what/who/where/when/how …
Whatever whoever wherever whenever however
e.g. Though he is young, he could solve the problem on his own.
________________, he could solve the problem on his own.
Although he is a child, he could solve the problem on his own.
__________________, he could solve the problem on his own.

• Whether she be right or wrong, I love her all the same.
• I’m going whether you like it or not.
• While they are my neighbours, I don’t know them well.
• While I’m willing to help, I don’t have much time available.

No matter how cold it is, she always goes swimming.
However cold it is, she always goes swimming.

No matter what you do, don’t touch this switch.
Whatever you do, don’t touch this switch.

You can’t go in, no matter who you are.
You can’t go in, whoever you are.
Attention: 状语从句，两种形式可以替换使用；但是在做一个句子主语或宾语时，只能用“特殊疑问词+ever” 的形式，而不能用“no matter +特殊疑问词”的形式

⑨Adverbial Clause of Contrast
比较状语从句
• 连接词：as / than
• She loves the dog more than he does.
• The little girl wants to be as clever as her brother.
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