七年级上学期英语语法句型必考知识点概括.doc

七年级上学期英语语法句型必考知识点概括
拾友教育干货铺Unit 1 My name’s Gina.
句型：
1, What’s your name? My name’s Jenny. / I’m Jenny. / Jenny.
What’s your/his/her telephone/phone number? It’s 555-3539.
语法：
1,形容词性物主代词：my(我的) your(你的) his/her/its(他/她/它的)our(我们的) your(你们的)their(他们的)后面需要接名词，修饰名词，做前置定语。 在句中可作主语，宾语等成分。 

主格：

I you he/she/ it 在句中做主语，一般放句首，后面紧跟 am/is/are 及其他动词。 

词汇：
1. my pron. 我的 形容词性物主代词还有his，her，your
2.由name构成的短语first name 名字 last name 姓氏 family name 姓氏
3.“电话号码”的表达方式： telephone number phone number
4. 本单元出现的缩写有： I’m = I am what’s = what is it’s =it is
5. answer n. 回答;答案(也可做动词“回答”，如answer the questions) 

句式：
1. What +be 动词+your(his/her) name? What’s your name?
What’s his name? What’s her name?
2. 自我介绍时常用语： My name’s Jenny. I’m Gina.
3.表达第一次和某人见面的高兴之情： Nice to meet you!
4. 询问别人的电话号码： What’s your telephone number?
5. 询问别人的姓氏常用语： What’s her family name?
Unit 2 Is this your pencil?
词汇：
1. pencil case 文具盒 pencil sharpener 铅笔刀 pen钢笔 eraser橡皮擦 ruler尺子 backpack 双肩背包 dictionary 字典
2.指示代词：this 这个 that 那个
3. in English 用英语 

4. ID card 身份证
5. computer game 电子游戏
6. lost and found 失物招领 

7. excuse me 打扰了
8. call sb. 给某人打电话 

9. a set of 一套;一副
句式：
1. 询问某物品是否属于某人的问句及答语—Is this/that your pencil?
—Yes, it is. It’s my pencil.
2. 询问某物用英语怎么说 What’s this in English?
3. How do you spell sth.? How do you spell it?
4. What’s +sth?询问某物是什么 —What’s this? —It’s a watch.
5. Call at sb. at +电话号码. Call Alan at 495-3539.
Unit 3 This is my sister.
词汇：
1.称呼类词汇：sister 姐;妹 mother妈妈 father爸爸brother兄;弟grandmother祖母;外祖母 grandfather祖父;外祖父aunt姑母;伯母;婶母uncle叔;伯;舅;姨夫son 儿子cousin表(堂)兄弟(姐妹) daughter女儿
2. 本单元出现的缩写：that’s = that is he’s = he is
3. 本单元出现的指示代词：these 这些 those 那些
4. thanks for 为??而感谢
句式：
1. This/that/These+ be动词+ sb’s ?
This is his sister. That is my brother. These are his brother.
2. be动词+代词+?Is this your sister? Is she your sister?
3. Thanks for ? Thanks for the photo of your family.
4. Here +be 动词+? Here is my family photo.
句型：
1,Is this your sister? No, it isn’t.
Is she your sister? No, she isn’t.
2,This is my friend. These are my friends.
That is my brother. Those are my brothers.
3, Thanks for the photo of your family. Here is my family photo.
photo of your family = your family photo
语法：
可数名词单数变复数：一般情况下加s, book-books， 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的加eswatch-watches 以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y改为i再加es boy- boys,family-families 以o结尾的有生命的加es, 无生命的加s, tomato-tomatoes,photo-photos
Unit 4 Where’s my backpack?
词汇：
1.本单元出现的家具类词汇：table桌子 bed床 bookcase书橱，书柜 sofa沙发 chair椅子 drawer抽屉
2.表位置的介词短语：under the table在桌子下面 on the sofa在沙发上in the backpack在双肩背包里 under the bed在床下面 on the chair在椅子上 on the dresser在梳妆台上on the table在桌子上 in the drawer在抽屉里 on the floor在地板上
3.math book数学书 

4.alarm clock闹钟
puter game电脑游戏
6.video tape录像带
7.take sth. to sb.把某物带给某人take these things to your sister把这些东西带给你姐姐
8.ID card身份证
9.bring sth. to some place把某物到给某地bring some things to school把一些物品带到学校
10.pencil case铅笔盒
11.in the bedroom在卧室
12.in the kitchen在厨房
句型：
Where’s the baseball? It’s in the backpack.
语法:
1,询问人或物品在哪里，我们用Where, 结构为 where+is/are+人/物品名称? “??在哪里” 回答用 主语+is/are +in/at/under/on/near +地点注意：表示“在??地方”地点前要用定冠词the 或者形容词性物主代词my/your/his/their修饰，但是两者不能同时出现，我们可以说in the room, in my room 但是绝对不可以in the my room.
词语用法:
1, take v.带走， 把人或物品带到别的地方去，take ?to? 把??带到??去bring v.带来把人或物品从别的地方带到说话的地方来 bring?to? 把??带到??来
2,please 后接动词用原形。
句式：
1.询问地点——Where + be动词 + sth. 答语——It is/They are + 表位置的介词短语—Where’s my backpack? —It’s under the table.
—Where are your books? —They’re on the chair.
2.询问某物是否在某地的句型及答语
—Is the baseball on the sofa?—No，it isn’t. It’s under the chair. —Are they on the bed? —No，they’re not.
3.祈使句——Please do sth. Please take these things to your sister?
4.can引导的一般疑问句 Can you bring some things to school?
5.倒装句——Here + be动词 + 主语 Here is my pen.
Here are some apples.
Unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball?
词汇：
1.球类名词小结soccer ball英式足球 ping-pong ball乒乓球tennis网球volleyball排球basketball篮球
2.“球拍”的表达 tennis racket网球拍 ping-pong bat乒乓球拍
3.play + 名词 结构的短语play sports参加体育运动play computer games玩电脑游戏
4.“play + 球类名词”结构的短语 play ping-pong ball打乒乓球play tennis 打网球 play soccer踢足球 play volleyball打排球
5.sports club运动俱乐部 

6.first name名 last name=family name姓
7.watch TV看电视 on TV在电视上，通过电视
8.常用的描述某物或某事的形容词：interesting有趣的fun有趣的 relaxing轻松的 boring无聊的difficult困难的
9.have a great sports collection有大量的体育收藏品
10.every day每天
句型: 

Do you have a TV? Yes, I do/No, I don’t
语法：
1,句中不含be(am,is,are)动词的 一般疑问句的变法。 也就是说句中谓语动词是实义动词时，要变为一般疑问句，在句首加do/does(当主语是第三人称单数的时候用does),第一人称变第二人称，动词变原形其他的语序不变。I have a computer. – Do you have a computer? She likes playing ping-pang.- Does she like playing ping-pang.肯定回答用yes, 主语+do/does.否定回答用No,主语+don’t/doesn’t.
2,一般句子中当主语是第三人称单数的时候，谓语动词要起变化。具体的变化为：一般情况加s, know-knows, 以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的加es, teach-teaches, go-goes, 以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改为i, 再加es study-studies
3, do/does 叫做助动词(语法需要加上去翻译部出来的动词)时，后面接动词原形， Does he like reading? She doesn’t like reading. She doesn’t do her homework. 但是如果做实义动词(能翻译出来意思的动词)呢，遇到主语第三人称单数就要起变化。 She does her homework.
4，have的第三人称单数为 has.
5, let sb do sth 让某人做某事 (sb代表人，如果是代词用宾格，do代表动词原形) 

6，play+球类 表示“踢，打，玩.... play footballplay+the+乐器 表示“弹奏??乐器” play the piano
句式：
1.Do引导的一般疑问句 —Do you have a TV?—Yes，I do. / No，I don’t.—Does he have a tennis racket? —Yes，he does. / No，he doesn’t.
2.祈使句——Let’s do sth. Let’s play ping-pong.
3.主系表结构——主语 + 系动词 + 形容词 That sounds good.
Unit 6 Do you like bananas?
词汇：
1.水果banana香蕉 orange橙子strawberry草莓 pear梨 apple苹果
2.蔬菜 tomato西红柿 carrot胡萝卜broccoli花椰菜
3.食品 hamburger汉堡包 French fries薯条ice cream冰淇淋salad沙拉chicken鸡肉 egg鸡蛋
4.countable nouns可数名词 uncountable nouns不可数名词
5.running star赛跑明星
6.lots of = a lot of非常多，很多(后面既可跟可数名词复数，也可跟不可数名词)
7.healthy food健康食品
8. have sth. for breakfast/lunch/dinner/dessert早餐/中餐/晚餐/甜点

句型：
Do you like salad? Yes, I do./No, I don’t.
Does he like pears? Yes, he does./No, he doesn’t.
I like oranges. I don’t like oranges.
Running star eats lots of healthy food.
语法：
句中谓语动词是实义动词的陈述句，变否定形式在实义动词前加don’t\doesn’t(主语是第三人称单数时用doesn’t’).
like doing sth/like to do sth 喜欢做某事
I like swimming. She likes to eat hamburgers.
句式：
1.询问某人是否喜欢某物的句型及答语
—Do/Does sb. like sth.? —Yes，sb. do/does. —No，sb. don’t/doesn’t. —Do you like salad?—Yes，I do./ No，I don’t.
—Does he like pears?—Yes，he does. / No，he doesn’t.
2.祈使句——Let’s do sth. Let’s have ice cream.
3.一般现在时的肯定句及否定句 I like oranges. I don’t like bananas. They like salad. They don’t like broccoli.
She likes bananas. She doesn’t like ice cream.
Unit 7 How much are these pants?
词汇：
1. how much (价钱)多少
2. seven dollars七美元one/a dollar 一美元
3.a pair of socks 一双袜子two pairs of socks 两双袜子
4. “颜色+名词”结构的短语有：red sweater 红毛衣blue skirt 蓝裙子 black pants 黑裤子
5. 由help构成的短语：help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事help sb. (to) do sth帮助某人做某事
6. want sth. 想买某物 want a sweater 想买一件毛衣
7. what color 什么颜色
8. at Huaxing’s=at Huaxing Clothes Store 在华兴服装店
9. come and buy your clothes 来买你的衣服
10.“like+名词”喜欢某物 like sweaters 喜欢毛衣
11.at a very good price 以非常优惠的价格 

12.bags for sports 运动包
13. T-shirts in red=red T-shirts 红T恤衫
14. socks for only￥5 each 每双袜子五元
15. afford our prices负担得起我们的价格
16. for yourself 亲自
17. come to some place 来某个地方
18. buy sth. from some place从某地买某buy skirt from Huaxing Clothes Store从华兴服装店买裙子
19. sell sth. to sb. = sell sb. sth.把某物卖给某sell the bike to him = sell him the bike 卖给他自行车
20. have a look 看一看;看一眼have a look at = look at 看
21. on sale 廉价销售for sale 等待出售

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