1、第三章词语翻译3.1商务英语词语翻译的注意事项3.1.1掌握确切词义eg.agencyToseekhelpfromadictionary:(1)abusinessorplaceofbusinessprovidinga(ususpecified)service经销处,代理行(2)esp AmEadepartmentofagovernmentorofaninternationalbodyeg.agencyanemploymentagency职业介绍所anadvertisingagency广告公司newsagency通讯社Governmentagencies政府机构3.1.2 一词多义一词多义英语词
2、汇英语词汇:游移(vacillant,context-dependent)、灵活(flexible),常依据搭配和上下文而变化;且英语的词义范围很容易扩大,英语词汇容易获得新义。汉语词汇汉语词汇:精确、固定,对上下文依赖性较小,且词义相对稳定,不易发生变化。Example:cover1.Ourbusinessactivitiescoverawiderangeofarticles.我公司经营的产品种类繁多。2.Theremittancecoversallcommissionsduetoyouuptodate.汇款包括至今应付的所有佣金。3.Theserulescoverallcases.这些规则
3、适用于所有情况。4.PleaseopenanL/Ctocoverthispurchase.请开立这笔货款的信用证。5.Thecompensationwillcoverthewholeloss.此项赔款足以抵偿全部损失。6.Breakevenpointisreachedwhensalescoverallcosts.当销售额能支付所有的费用时,就达到了损益平衡点。7.Insuranceistobecoveredbythebuyer.由买方投保。8.WewishtocovertheconsignmentagainstAllRisksfor110%oftheinvoicevalue.我们想按发票金额的
4、110为这批货物投保一切险。9.Inordertocoverourselvesfortheshipmentwehavedrawnonyouatsight.为回收货款我们已向贵公司开出即期汇票。但也有的时候,同一个汉语词汇,在英语里需要用不同的表达。例如:吞吐量,Example:吞吐量2001年福州港的货物吞吐量吞吐量位列全国沿海港口第十一位,集装箱吞吐量吞吐量位列全国沿海港口第十位。TheturnoverofFuzhouportranked11thamongChinesecoastalportswhileitscontaineroperationwaslistedas10thintheyear
5、2001.目前港口的通过能力和货物吞吐量吞吐量均已超过亿吨。2004年宁波港货物吞吐量吞吐量超过2.2亿吨,同比增长22。TheannualhandlingcapacityandthroughputofNingboPorthavebothexceeded100milliontons.In2004,theportsawathroughputof220milliontons,up22%overthepreviousyear.例一中的吞吐量表示“实际已经完成或预计完成的货物数量”,例二则表示“处理能力”、“通过能力”或“物料通过量”之意。表示前者常用turnover,operation,volume
6、traffic,而后者可用capacity,designedcapacity,normalcapacity,handlingcapacity,throughoutcapacity等。有时还可以通过使用动词如handle,process等进行翻译。2003年营口港吞吐量吞吐量为4009万吨,其中集装箱40万标箱。In2003PortofYingkou processed 40.09milliontonsofcargo,including400,000TEUofcontainerizedcargo.注释:注释:TEU是英文TwentyfootEquivalentUnit的缩写。是以长度为20英尺
7、的集装箱为国际计量单位,也称国际标准箱单位。Wemayseekhelpfromnotonlythedictionary,butalsofromtheInternet.Page19:floatingfloating policy(统保单,总保险单,预约保单)(统保单,总保险单,预约保单)(http:/)Insurancecoverforsituationswherethetotalinsurableamountcanbereasonablyestimatedbutcannotbedeterminedaccurately-enoughforcomputingcorrectpremium,until
8、theinsurancepolicycomestoanend.Forexample,atraderwilltakeafloatingpolicyonasumestimatedtobelargeenoughtocovershipmentsduringaperiod(say,oneyear)andpayspremiumaccordingly.Astheshipmentsaresentout,theinsurerisinformedandthevalueofthoseshipmentsisdeductedfromtheinsuredsum.Thisprocedureisrepeateduntilth
9、einsuredsumisalmostexhausted.Theinsurerthenre-computesthepremiumaccordingtothetotalvalueofthealready-sentshipments,andadjustsitagainstthepremiumpaidbythetrader.Atthisstagethetradertakesanotherfloatingpolicyandwholeprocessstartsoveragain.Example3Since1999Egypthasplungedintoaneconomiccrisisandbeenshor
10、tofforeigncurrency,thereforethegovernmentcannotsticktotheformerexchangerateofEgyptianPound.SinceJanuarythisyear,Egyptstartedtoadoptfloatingratepolicy.自1999年以来,埃及经济陷入危机,外汇短缺,政府无法坚守埃镑的原汇率,从今年1月起,埃及开始实行浮动汇率制。Example4华尔街词典(原著R.L.Shook)中文版(中国商业出版社,2002年)“填补了国内证券类专业词典出版的一项空白”Floatation cost:原译:流动成本?theexp
11、enseinvolvedinissuinganewsecurity.Normally,thefloatationcostsarehigherforstocksthanforbondsbecausedistributioniswiderandcommonstocksaregenerallymorevolatile(of a quickly changing,undependable nature).改译:发行成本改译:发行成本Otherexamples-1We received advice that the goods had been dispatched.Oxford:(esp comme
12、rce)formal note giving information about a transaction,etc.我们收到了关于货物已发出的通知通知。Otherexamples-2D/P:DocumentsAgainstPayment付款交单against意为“凭为条件,以为前提”Peoplemusthavetheirmoneydepositedinbanksbeforetheycandrawchecksagainstit.凭,用(*没学过商业概论的同学可以借商贸方向上学期的书和材料看看)Otherexamples-31.Beneficiary受益人(即出口商),不是“收益人。2.Paye
13、e收款人,而付款人应该用“drawee”。3.Shipper为托运人。提单的抬头一栏常有这样几个字:toorderofshipper即:“凭托运人(发货人)指示”。这里的托运人指的是货主(出口商)。4.Discrepancy指单证中的“不符点”。5.Holderinduecourse正当持票人,它与bona-fideholder属于同一种意思,都是“善意持票人”。Otherexamples-4Groupworkafterclass(4-5人一组)含术语的句子.doc1.Everygroupwillsubmitonecopynextweekbeforeclass.Writeallthenames
14、ofyourgroupmembersonthepaper.Illgiveamarktoeachgroup.2.Therewillalsobeanoralcontestamongthe6-8groupsnextweek.3.1.3词语意义的感情色彩Page20注释:underwriter(UW;UW)核保人;承保人:指保险公司内决定承保与否和进行风险选择的专业人员。1.Appreciatethetranslationof“sympathetic”&“donotsucceed”.2.Anyimprovementforthetwosentences?3.1.4词语使用的语体eg.Wearedelig
15、htedtoknowthatyoudealwithexportofChinesechinaware.Couldyousupplyus300setsoftablewareforshipmentbeforetheendofMay?欣悉欣悉贵方是中国陶瓷器出口商。请问能否为我方供应300套餐具?希五月底前交货。3.1.5表达方式的调整eg.Ifyourpricesare in line,wetrustbusinesscanmaterialize.如果你们的价格合适合适,我们相信可以成交成交。3.1.6简洁达意Owingtothelastsummersexceptionallycoolclimatew
16、eweresooverloadedwithenormousstockthatwewereunabletokeeptheminstockandwebelievethatyouwillappreciateourpositionwhenwearefloodedwithsummeritems.由于去年夏天特别凉爽,致使本公司夏令产品严重过剩、库存大量积压,相信贵方一定能够理解我方处境。常用工具书1.国际商务英语大词典(主编:冯祥春),中国对外经济贸易出版社2.牛津英语百科分类词典(会计、商务、经济学、金融与银行),上海外语教育出版社3.英汉大词典(陆谷孙等),上海译文出版社4.新英汉词典,上海译文出版
17、社5.牛津、朗文等双解辞典6.Internet(eg.Google)3.2英汉词语在表达上的差异英语词汇英语词汇:游移(vacillant)、灵活(flexible),常依据搭配和上下文而变化;汉语词汇汉语词汇:精确、固定,对上下文依赖性较小语域register英语:hyper-formalformalnormalinformalhyper-informal汉语:书面体、普通体、口语体“governmentofthepeople,bythepeople,forthepeople,”民有、民治、民享(书面语)归人民所有、由人民管理、为人民办事(口语)ExerciseIf,asseemslikel
18、y,consumerbankinginChinatakesagreatleapforward,GuangdongDevelopmentBankhasobviousappeal.Ithas13millioncustomers,500branches,astrongfranchiseinthemanufacturinghub(中心,the center of activity or importance)nearHongKongandanationallicensethatcouldpermityearsofformidablegrowth.假如个人金融业务在中国能够实现跨越式增长的话,那么广东发
19、展银行还是有其显而易见的魅力的。这看来不无可能。它拥有1300万客户和500家分支机构,在香港周边的制造业中心地区有广布的营业网点,还持有全国性业务牌照,数年之内业务的增长将无可限量。Assignment2:P31练习欣赏:Itisnotdifficultto,butitisdifficultto并不难,难就难在思考:(1)infrastructureindustries基础结构工业?新英汉词典:Infrastructure(社会、国家等的)基础结构,基础设施(如教育、运输、通讯等设施)Industry:工业;行业基础设施行业/产业/业(2)promotingthewholeofsociety促进整个国家经济的发展?促进整个社会发展Additionalexercises1.中国银行、中国建设银行、中国工商银行均在宁波设有分支机构。ThefollowingfinancialinstitutionsandcorporationsmaintainbranchesinNingbo:2.科电工程有限公司在上海、北京、广州等主要城市均设有分支机构。现因业务发展,诚聘英才。ElectronicScientificEngineeringLtd.,withofficesinShanghai,.






