初中英语专题练习----状语从句.doc

4
初中英语专题练习——并列复合句与状语从句
并列（复合）句
由并列连词( and, but, or, so, not only…but also, however, neither… nor, either…or, still)把两个或两个以上的互相独立的分句连接而成的句子叫做并列句。并列句之间的关系有并列、转折、选择、因果等关系。
1. 并列关系
He is a lovely boy and he is helpful.他很可爱，乐于助人。
2．转折关系
I can come, but will be a little late.我能来，但是要稍晚一些。
3. 选择关系
Either give a hand, or leave right away.或者帮忙，或者立刻离开。
4. 因果关系
She is kind to the others, so all of us love her. 她对别人很好，所以我们都喜欢她。
状语从句
在复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词的从句叫状语从句。例如：
He didn't go to school yesterday because he was ill.（修饰动词go）
We must study so well as our teacher hoped.（修饰副词well）
Lucy is younger than Jim(is)。（修饰形容词younger）
状语从句的位置，可以放在主句前面或后面，但是若放在主句前面，要用逗号与主句分开；主句若是疑问句，那么时间状语从句只能放在主句的前面。
状语从句的用法
状语从句根据它表达的意思不同可分为时间状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、比较状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句和让步状语从句。
1）时间状语从句
时间状语从句由when, while, after, before, since, as soon as, till, until等连词引导。
例如：I went to bed after the TV play was ever.
Could you look after her while we're away?
She has taught in this school since she came to this city in 1989.
Wait until I come back.
注意：如主句是一般将来时，则表示将来的时间状语只用一般现在时。
例如：I'll write to you as soon as I get to Beijing.
It will get warmer and warmer when spring comes.
2）原因状语从句
原因状语从句由because, as, since等连词引导。
例如：He sold the car because it was too small.
Since you won't help me, I must do the job myself.
As my mother is away at this moment, I have to look after my younger sister.
注意：a）because, as, since, for的用法辨析
because, as, since, for都是表示各种理由的连词，但because多表示所叙述的理由是本句的重点，故because所引导的从句常放在句末。
例如：Why was he absent? Because he was badly ill.
as, since用于表示理由是已知，而理由以外才是叙述的重点，两者皆多用于句首，但要注意since重形式，as多表示理由以外的才是重点。
例如：As it is raining, let's stay as home. [来源:学科网]
Since you have no license, you are not allowed to drive.
for不用于句首，而用于主句之后，补充说明理由；主句表推测时，用for说明原因。
例如：I'll follow his advice, for he is a doctor.
because of也是表示原因状语，但后面只能跟短语。例如：
I stayed at home because of the bad weather.
3）比较状语从句
比较状语从句由than或as来引导。例如：
I feel better now than (I was) before.
He writes as well as you (do).源:学科网]
This problem is more difficult than that one (is).
4）条件状语从句
条件状语从句由if, unless（= if not）连词引导。条件从句中的动词多用一般现在时表示将来。 例如：I shall go if he asks me.
I shan't go unless he asks me.
I shall go, whether he asks me or not.
Come with me if you have time.
I want to watch a basketball match if I'm well tonight.
由and连接的简单句，可以用条件状语从句来改写。 例如：
Run faster and you'll catch up with him.
=If you run faster, you'll catch up with him.
5）结果状语从句
结果状语从句由so that, so… that引导。 例如： [来源:学科网ZXXK]
He has lost his bike so that he can't come to school on time.（结果状语）
Your shirt were so dirty that you must wash it.（结果状语）
注意：由so…that引导的状语从句若是表示否定意思，可以用too…to（太…而不能）来替换。
例如：She was so angry that she could not say a word.
=She was too angry to say a word.
6）让步状语从句
让步状语从句一般用though（虽然）、although（虽然）、even though（即使）引导。例如：
Though/Although he tried hard, he was not successful.
He went on working though it was very late.
注意：
1．汉语中的“虽然…但是…在英语中用连词though就可以了，或单独使用but连接两个并列句也可以，但不能在一个句子中同时用这两个连词（主句前不用连词）。
例如：“虽然我很喜欢照顾我姐姐的婴儿，但她不让我干”。
Though I like looking after my sister's baby, she doesn't let me do it.
I like looking after my sister's baby, but she doesn't let me do it.
=though可以与yet连用，这里yet虽然意思与but相同，但yet不是连词，而是副词。
例如：Though it was cold, yet he went out without a coat.
二．复习时需要注意的要点
（1） 当整句句子处于过去时的情况下，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。
When I got there, the movie had been on for 5 minutes.
（2） 当整句句子处于将来时的情况下，总是主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
I will be a doctor, when I grow up.
（3）  由when引导的时间状语从句，句子处于将来时的情况下，与所有的时间状语从句一样，主句用一般将来时从句用一般现在时。
例如：I am going to be a doctor when I grow up
（4） 整句句子处于将来时的情况下，且两个动作同时进行，则持续的那个动作用过去进行时，瞬间的那个动作用一般过去时。
例如：I met my English teacher when I was walking in the street.
（5） 像He turned on TV set at once when he got home，整句句子处于过去时的情况下，且两个动作先后发生，when=after，则时态与after一致，主句从句都用一般过去时。
（6） 像The class had already begun when I entered the classroom.整句句子处于过去时的情况下，且两个动作先后发生，但这里的when=before，则时态与before一致，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。
实战演练
1. He ________ the exam if he ________ harder.[
A. passes…will work B.will pass…works
C.will pass…will work D.passes…works
在英语中，if既能够引导宾语从句，又能够引导状语从句。
2. While she ________ (watch) TV, the bell _________ (ring).
由while引导的时间状语从句，强调的是正在进行看电视这个动作，门铃响了这动作也发生了，因此从句用进行时态，主句用一般过去时。
并列句专练
Ⅰ. 从方框中选择适当的词完成句子。
and, but, so, or, then
1.       They are happy _______ they deserved their happiness.
2.       Hurry _______ you will miss the plane.[来源:Zxxk.Com]
3.       I like chocolate, _______ it is bad for teeth.
4.       I wanted to know the answer, _______ I went to ask him.
5.       He had a drink, _______ went to bed.
Ⅱ. 选择填空：
( )1. Be careful, _________ you will fall off the bike.
A. but B. and C. so D. or
( )2. Edison said, “Never give up, _________ you'll make it.”
A. yet B. or C. and D. but
( )3. Lucy and Lily are twins. Lucy likes playing table tennis, _________ Lily doesn't.
　 A. or B. but C. and D. yet
( )4. Mr. Green knows little German, ___________he can't understand the instructions on the bottle of the pills.
　 A. but B. so C. for D. or
( )5. My aunt doesn't have much money, _________ she always enjoys himself.
A. but B. and C. or D. so
( )6. Which is nearer to us, the sun _______ the moon?
A.  but             B. and            C. or            D. so
( )7. I can’t understand this passage _______ there are no new words in it.
A. if               B. because             C. though                     D. an [来源:学#科#网]
( )8. The computer cost me too much, _______ it’s really useful.　　
A. so B. but C. and D. or
( )9. There is air _______ water on the moon.
A. and B. or C. so D. yet
( )10. It’s getting dark, _______they’re still working.
A. and B. but C. so D. or
( )11. The street was wet, _______ it rained last night.
A. because B. as C. for D. since
( )12. Rose is an English girl, ______ she doesn’t like English food.
A. yet B. so C. for D. and
( )13. That was our first lesson, _______ she didn’t know all our names.
A. for B. but C. so D. or
( )14. She didn’t go to school yesterday, ______ he had hurt her legs while climbing the mountain.
A. but B. however C. or D. for
( )15. You can study _____Chinese _____ English.
A. not only, but B. either,or C. both , D. only, and
( ) 16. Tom works very hard, _____ his family is still very poor.
A. yet B. for C. so D. and
( )17. Some are reading newspaper, _____ others are playing basketball[来源:学科网ZXXK]
A. or B. for C. so D. while
( )18. Maybe he has gone home, ______ he is in his office.
A. or B. but C. nor D. yet
( )19. I help him _____ he helps me. We help each other.
A. but, B. and C. or D. for
( ) 20. The shop is new, _____ it has been open only for three days.
A. for B. and C. but D. so
( ) 21. You needn’t sweep the floor, ______ it’s very clean.
A. and B but C. or D. for
( ) 22. Tom works hard, ______ he still failed in the exam.
A. yet B. so C. and D. or
( ) 23. I felt tired after the work, _____ I take a long rest.
A. so B but C. for D. or
( )24. I hate smoking, _____ I don’t like drinking, either.
A. though B. but C. and D. for
( )25. ______ Saturday ______ Sunday is OK. I’ll be free in these two days.
A. Either; or B. Neither; nor C. Both; and D. One; the other
( ) 26. In spring it is_____hot _____ cold here.
A. both, and B. either, or C. neither, nor D. not only, but
( ) 27. Jim was very hungry ______ he ate all the cakes.
A. and B. but C. so D. or
( )28. Lilei passed his father this cup _____ asked for some more tea.
A. but B. and C.or D. if
( ) 29. Go along the street, turn to the left at the end of the street and _____ you’ll find the post office. [来源:学#科#网]
A. then B. so C. but D. yet
状语从句专练
Ⅰ.选择填空：
( )1. The man can’t get on the bus because there ________ no room on it.
A. was B. is C. are D. were
( )2. I was listening to the music ________ there was a knock at the door.
A. while B. when C. because D. until
( )3. You may leave the classroom when you ________ writing.
A. will finish B. are finishing C. have finished D. had finished
( )4. I don’t know if he ________ tomorrow, if he _________ ,I’ll meet him.
A. will come, comes B. comes, comes C. will come, will come D. come, will come
( )5. ________ I read, the more I understand.
A. The more B. So much C. How much D. For all
( )6. Would you give Johnny this letter if you ________ to see him this week.
A. will happen B. happen C. are happened D. happened
( )7. She was busy, ________ she couldn’t go to your birthday party last night.
A. and B. so C. or D. but
( )8. English is ________ a useful language ________ it is spoken in many countries of the world.
A. so…that B. such…that C. so…because D. such…because
( )9 You will not succeeded if you ________ harder.
A. will work B. won’t work C. work D. don’t work
( )10.Write clearly ________ your teacher can understand you correctly.
A. since B. for C. because D. so that
( )11.________ he failed , he went on doing the experiment.
A. Even B. Yet C. Although D. in spite of
( )12.The light went out while we ________ supper.
A. had B. had had C. were having D. would have
( )13.His brother has worked there ________ he left school.
A.      when B. after C. since D. until
( )14.The boy didn’t stop talking ________ the second bell rang.
A.      when B. until C. after D. because
( )15. ________ I came into the office, the teacher were having a meeting.
A.   While B. When C. Once D. Since
( )16.I was about to leave my house ________ the telephone rang.[来源:Z。xx。k.Com]
A.      while B. as C. when D. since
( )17.It is at least ten years ________ these trees were planted.
A.      when B. before C. since D. as soon as
( )18..He ran as fast as possible ______ he could reach school on time.
A.   in order to B. so as to C. when D. so that
Ⅱ.用动词的适当形式填空：
1.   It ________ (be) nearly two years since we went to the party last.
2.  He is hungry, because he ________ (not have ) his breakfast yet.
3.   When Tom’s mother came home, little Tom (cry) loudly.
4.   I ________ (not know) it until you ________ (tell) me.
5.   Edison placed a big mirror behind the lamps so that the doctor ________ (operate).
6.   He ________(be) better today than he ________ (be) yesterday.
7.    I hope you ________ (be) happy while you ________ (be)here.
8.   Whatever ________ (happen) , I ________ (be) on your side.
Ⅲ.把下列句子改成带有状语从句的复合句：
1． He didn’t come. He was ill. (because)

2． He is too young to join the army. (so……that)

3． He studies English hard. He is over seventy. (though)

4． We will stay at home. It rains. (if)

5． He was doing his homework. Someone knocked at the door. (when)

6． He is tall. I am tall. (as……as)

7． My mother was cooking. I was listening to the news. (while)

8． It was a hot day. We couldn’t sleep well. (such……that)

9.   He came into the warm room. He took off his cap and sat down. (as soon as)
4