浅谈高考英语中的高级表达.doc

高考写作指导：浅谈高考英语写作中的高级表达 第 2 页 共 3页
复合句可以把结构松散的句子连接起来，从而使表达显得高级。高考写作中用到的复合句包括下列几种：
(1) 定语从句
Mary is a girl in Class 1. She speaks English very fluently.→ Mary is a girl in Class1, who speaks English very fluently.
(2) 状语从句
The doctor arrived there in time. The boy was saved. It was not too late. → The boy was saved because the doctor arrived there before it was too late.
(3) 名词性从句(包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句)
Xiao Ming was always late for school. His teacher didn’t know why.→ His teacher didn’t know why Xiao Ming was always late for school.
如果考生驾驭句子的能力较强，则还可以恰当使用复杂的复合句（就是从句中还包含从句）。例如：I want to know whether you want to meet Miss Tang when she comes back from Japan, where she works as an engineer. (本句包含3个从句)
2.使用某些惯用句型
写作中如果能恰当运用英语中某些常见的惯用句型，可以使文章显得富有“洋味”。考生可以参考本人归纳的“中学英语常见重要句型”(50个)。
3.使用高级词汇
一、巧用习语(idiom)
英语中有大量习语，如果运用得当，则可大大增加文章的感染力。考生要在平时的学习过程中不断积累。例如：
① What she explained doesn’t hold water. 她的解释站不住脚。
② Many families struggle to make ends meet. 很多家庭只能勉强维持生计。
③ I don’t know why she is always in low spirits. 我不知道她为什么总是情绪低落。
④ He turned a deaf ear to what I said. 他对我的话一点也听不进去。
⑤ This sentence doesn’t make sense. 这个句子讲不通。
二、用短语代替单词
英语中同义词众多，在表达的时候，尽量用短语代替单个的词。例如：
① I have made up my mind to study English better this term. (同义词：decide)
② I have no idea how to enlarge my vocabulary. (同义词：don’t know)
③ A burning cigarette end resulted in/led to the big fire. (同义词：cause)
④ Since my childhood I have been fond of music. (同义词：like)

⑤ We will take the matter into account(consideration). (同义词：consider)
三、善用小词
在写作中巧用、活用某些小词，常常会起到画龙点睛、四两拨千斤的作用。
(1) 动词：see, find , have, take, get, strike, run, cover, fail, go, make, manage, keep, stay, do(行，可以), help(有用), work(起作用), count, etc. 例如：
① 2005 saw the successful launch of Shenzhou VI in China.
② China has a history of more than 5,000 years.
③ Saddam Hussin got hanged on the 30th of December, 2006.
④ How does Shenzhen strike you?
⑤ I have to earn more than 6,000 yuan if I want to cover my expenses in Shenzhen.
⑥ When I received the news that I got the first place, words failed me.
⑦ This is how the story goes.
⑧ After a few years’ training, she made an excellent teacher.
⑨ Mary’s mother asked her to seize time to go over her lessons for the final exam, but it didn’t help.
⑩ It is the ability to do the job well that counts.
(2) 名词、形容词、副词、介词等：a must, a hit, a success, a better/best choice/seller, arrival, stay, top, new, pretty(相当地), terribly, badly, in(时尚的), out(过时的)，beyond, under, on display/on second thought(s), at the news of/at the sight of, etc. 例如：
① English is a must for us.
② Of all the 2006 films Zhang Yimou’s Curse of the Golden Flower(满城尽带黄金甲) was the best seller.
③ I made lots of friends during my stay in France.
④ Wendy Wang must be one of the top students in our school.
⑤ This kind of work is quite new to me.
⑥ I am going to find a nice apartment pretty soon.
⑦ Doctors were badly needed in that area after the flood.
⑧ Short skirts are in again.
⑨ His lecture is beyond my understanding.
⑩ Shenzhen Metro Line 3 is still under construction.
⑪ On my arrival I found the front door was open.
⑫ At the news of his death I was shocked.
4 使用名词表达动词意义
① His failure in the exam again made his mother very worried.
② On arrival home I found the front door open.
③ Living near the airport may lead to people’s loss of hearing.
④ No one can enter the office without permission.
⑤ The railway line is still under construction.
5使用形容词（短语）做状语或者使用非谓语动词结构等
① They returned home, safe and sound.
② Full of fear, I walked in the darkness.
③ While walking along the streets I met Jane.
④ We started out very early in order to catch the first early bus.
⑤ I arrived home, really exhausted.
6 使用表示过渡的连接词(详见“英语写作常见过渡词汇汇编”)
高考“基础写作”的评分标准中特别强调句子间的连贯性。之所以把衔接和连贯作为重要标准来要求，是因为衔接和连贯是构成语篇的最基本条件。常用的连接词有：and, but, so, besides, morever, what’s more, what’s worse, in addition, however, therefore, suddenly, finally, while, also, too, thus, yet等等。例如：
① He thought he understood the problem; however, he was mistaken.
② They cost a lot of money; thus you should use them carefully.
③ I don’t like the dress; moreover, it’s too expensive.
④ I was late for the film; what was worse, I left my ticket at home.
7.使用比喻、拟人等修辞手法
比喻性结构新鲜活泼，形象具体，能给读者留下较深刻的印象，具有强大的感染力。例如：
① The Great Wall runs across China like a huge dragon.
② To finish the work ahead of time, I have been as busy as a bee recently.
③ He is a lucky dog.
④ Dusk found him crying in the street. (拟人)
8 使用英语中的谚语(详见“英语常见谚语汇编”)
和汉语一样，英语中也有大量谚语。若能在写作中恰当运用，会给文章增色不少。现例举几条励志类的谚语。
① Where there is a will, there is a way.
② Time and tide wait for no man.
③ Practice makes perfect.
④ A lazy youth, a lousy age.
⑤ Well begun is half done.
⑥ No pains, no gains.
⑦ Look before you leap.
⑧ It is never too old to learn.
⑨ Failure is the mother of success.
⑩ He who laughs last laughs best.

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