高考英语陷阱考点(强调句型）.doc

高考英语陷阱考点·强调句型
一、受基本结构的影响将非强调句型误判为强调句型
大家知道，英语强调句型的基本结构是it is…that…，而不是it is … when…，所以有的同学下题选择了A。
It was ten o’clock ______ he came back.
A. that        B. when        C. so          D. which
其实此题最佳答案为B，这不是一个强调句型。when引导的是一个时间状语从句，全句意为“当他回来时，时间是10点钟”。比较以下强调句型：
It was at ten o’clock that he came back. 他是10点钟回来的。
It was after ten o’clock that he came back. 他是在10点过后回来的。
It was before ten o’clock that he came back. 他是在10点前回来的。
再比较：
It is autumn when leaves fall. 当树叶落的时候就是秋天了。
It is in autumn that leaves fall. 树在秋天落叶。
另外，下面的句子也不是强调句型：
1. It’s a long time ______ I met you last.
A. that        B. since        C. when          D. which
2. It was more than a year now _____ he had seen her.
A. that        B. since        C. when          D. which
3. “Was it here _____ you were away talking to a friend?” “Sure. But when I got back there, it was gone.”
A. that       B. while       C which       D. where
以上三题均选B，即前面两句填since，其意为“自从”；第3题填while，其意为“在……期间”。
二、受疑问句式的影响将强调句型误判为非强调句型。如：
1. When was _____ that the general manager left for Japan?
A. he         B. it        C. that        D. since  
答案选B，为强调句的特殊疑问句形式。可视为 It was in May that the general left for Japan的特殊疑问句形式。
2. “How was ______ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace?” “Totally by chance.”
A. it that           B. he that       
C. it when             D. he which
答案选A，为强调句的特殊疑问句形式，其相应的陈述句形式为：It was totally by chance that they discovered the entrance to the underground palace.
3. Who was it _____ saved the drowning girl?
A. since      B. as         C. that          D. he
答案选C，被强调成分为 who，该句实为类似 It was Tom that saved the drowning girl. 这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式（即对其中的Tom 提问而得）。
4. What is it _____ his daughter needs most?
A. what       B. which         C. that          D. if
答案选C，被强调成分为 what，该句实为类似 It is a bike that his daughter needs most. 这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式（即对其中的a bike 提问而得）。
三、受复杂结构的影响将强调句型误判为非强调句型。如：
1. It might have been John _____ bought a present for Mary yesterday.
A. that        B. when        C. what          D. which
答案选A，为强调句型，只是其中的动词be采用了might have been这一复杂结构。
2. It was what he meant rather than what he said ______ annoyed me.
A. which       B. as    C. what       D. that
答案选D，为强调句型，被强调部分为 what he meant rather than what he said，句意为“让我生气的不是他说的话，而是他话中的意思”。
3. It was his nervousness in the interview ______ probably lost him his job.
A. which      B. since     C. that         D. what
答案选C，为强调句型，被强调成分为 his nervousness in the interview，句意为“很可能是面试时表现出紧张，使他失去了这份工作”。
4. It is the ability to do the job ______ matters not where you come from or what you are.
A. one        B. that       C. what        D. it
答案选B，为强调句型，被强调成分为 the ability to do the job，句意为“重要的是你做工作的能力而不是你来自何地或你是从事什么工作的”。
5. It was just in the room _____ he was born _____ he died.
A. where, which  B. that, that  C. where, that  D. which, that
答案选C，为强调句型，被强调成分是 in the room，where he was born 为修饰 the room 的定语从句。
6. It was _____back home after the experiments.
A. not until midnight did he go            
B. until midnight that he didn’t go
C. not until midnight that he went         
D. until midnight when he didn’t go
答案选C，为not…until…句式的强调结构(it be not until…that…)句式的强调结构。
7. It was with great joy _____ he received the news ______ his lost daughter had been found.
A. because, when                  B. which, that
C. since, how                     D. that, that
答案选D，第一空填that，构成强调句型，被强调成分为 with great joy；第二空也填that，用以引导同位语从句，修饰名词the news。
8. I don’t know _____makes her afraid of having her business discussed.
A. what it is about Mary that      B. that is it abut Mary what
C. what is it about Mary that    D. that is about Mary what
答案选A，在通常情况下，强调结构的特殊疑问句形式为“疑问词+is it that…?”，但此题强调的是宾语从句，其语序与陈述句相同，所以是what it is…that…
四、受插入语的影响将强调句型误判为非强调句型。如：
1. It was lack of money, not of effort, _____ defeated their plan.
A. which　　　　B. as       C. that       D. what
答案选C，为强调句型，被强调成分为 lack of money, not of effort。由于句中插入了 not of effort这一成分，许多同学便看不出这是强调结构。
2. It was because of English girlfriend, believe it or not, ______ his English improved so greatly.
A. which    B. as       C. that       D. what
答案选C，为强调句型，被强调成分为 because of English girlfriend。由于句中插入了believe it or not这一成分，致使许多同学误认为这是一个非限制性定语从句。
五、受省略结构的影响将强调句型误判为非强调句型。如：
“Who are making so much noise in the garden?” “_______ the children.”
A. It is        B. They are     C. That is        D. There are
答案选A，答语为强调句型 It is the children who are making so much noise 之省略。
六、因忽略句子结构而将强调句型误判为非强调句型。如：
______ that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.
A. It was we being late        B. It was our being late
C. It was we were too late       D. It was because we were late
此题容易误选D，认为强调的是原因状语从句 because we were late。但实际上，此题的答案为B，强调的是句子主语 our being late，此题若还原成非强调句，即为：Our being late caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual. 注意，强调句的一个显著特点是，若去掉强调结构 it is [was]… that…，句子仍然成立；换句话说，该结构中的 it is [was]… that… that 不能充当句子成分，而实际上句中的动词cause需要有自己的主语。