高中英语语法-情态动词.doc

高中英语 语法篇
内容：情态动词
A. 教学目的:复习高考常见的情态动词的重要考点
B. 教学过程
情态动词的重点考点
表示
“能力”
“许可”
的
can/
could

may/might
①表示能力, 用can/could
意思是“能够”
②在肯定句中,could只表示过去能做某事，但不一定做到了，而was/were able to指过去实际上能做到了。
③注意：can not….enough
can not( never) …too 的
意思。
①A computer_____ think for itself; it must be told what to do.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. may not D. might not
②The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone
_____get out.
A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to
③You can________careful while crossing the street.
A. never be B. not too C. ever be too D. never be too
表示许可时用
may/might ,can/could 都可
以，但在问句中用could…?或might…？ 以使口气委婉客气，其肯定回答要用can或may或其他方式。
其否定回答用mustn’t表示禁止，不许可。或其他方式。
①-Could I call you by your first name?
-Yes, you______
A. will B. could C. may D. might
②Johnny, you_____ play with the knife, you_ hurt yourself.
A. won’t/can’t B. mustn’t/may
C. shouldn’t/must D. can’t/shouldn’t
③-May I take this book out of the reading room?
-No, you . You read it in here. （陕西卷）
A. mightn’t B. won’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t
表示
推断
的
can
may
must
都可用在肯定句中。
注意语气
①must“一定”，语气最肯定
may“可能”语气不肯定，might/could更不肯定。
②can 表客观上的可能性，意思是“随时会”“有时可能”,题干中会用sometimes, at times, at any time 暗示。
③may well很可能，极有可能，表示猜测。当表示猜测时，

Eg. He must be in his office, as he is always busy with his work.
Eg. Tom said that the shirt was not his, but could be Henry’s.
①Helen _______ go on the trip with us but she isn't quite sure yet.
（安徽卷）
A. shall B. must C. may D. can
②Mary is in poor health. She ___（可能）be ill at any time.
③(全国Ⅱ)Liza well not want to go on the trip—she hates
traveling.
A. will B. can C. must D. may
在否定句中，只能用can和may. can’t“不可能”
may not“可能不”
①Michael______ be a policeman, for he’s much too short.
A. needn’t B. can’t C. should D. may
（高考英语大纲全国II卷）
②I’m afraid Mr. Harding ____see you now . He’s busy.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
在疑问句只能用can/could
① ————（可能） he be very busy now?
②Where ————（可能）she be now?
③-My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared .
-Who _____have taken it?
A. should B must C could D. would
need
must与have to
“需要”
区别：
need do sth
need doing=need_______
must
①“必须”“一定”
Must sb..do sth?
Yes, …must.
No, …needn’t(=don’t_______)
②“偏要”一定要”
①（广东) -Must he come to sign this paper himself?
-Yes，he .
A. need B. must C. may D. will
②（北京）In crowded places like airports and railway
stations, you take care of your luggage.
A. can B. may C. must D. will
③-May I smoke here?
-If you _______,choose a seat in the smoking section.
A. should B. could C. may D must
④（全国卷Ⅲ）John, look at the time. _______ you play the piano
at such a late hour？
A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need
shall
①用于第一,三人称问句中，征求对方的意见。
②用于第二、三人称陈述句：警告、命令、允诺、威胁等。选项中不能宜选shouldn’t.
③按law, rule, regulation, sign, agreement, document 等须做的事。

①_____(要不要)I/she show him in?
②If you won’t do as I tell you, you ____ go to the dance.
A. won’t B. shan’t C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
③You____(可以) have two days off if you finish the task today.
④（江苏卷）-I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test
on the subject next month.
-Don’t worry. You______ have it by Friday.
A. could B. shall C. must D. may
⑤（重庆卷）“The interest(利息）____ be divided into five parts,
according to the agreement made by both sides，”
declared the judge.
A. may B. should C. must D. shall
should
① 劝告、建议、命令、应该做、道义上的责任。
② 用于虚拟语气,表示“惊讶”，有“竟然”“居然”意思;或表必要，重要，自然，遗憾等。（句型如右）
③ 用于虚拟语气，表建议，命令，要求类的名词性从句中。
④ 虚拟语气中还表“万一”
⑤ should用于表示推测，
表示一种按情理该发生的事
句型：It is strange/necessary/important/ natural /a pity
that sb should do sth
Eg. It is strange /a surprise that a gentleman like you should
be rude to a little girl.

The man’s suggestion is that the boy ____ more speaking.
A. must do B. should do C. would do D. does

If it should snow together, what would we do ?
They set off very early and they ———be there now, as
it isn’t very far from here.
A. need B. shall C. should D. must
will/
would
① 二人称问句中表请求：“你/你们做某事好吗？
would比will委婉客气。
Would /Will you pass me the book on the desk?
②will/would现在或过去意志、愿望和决心。
I will never do that again.
They asked us if we would help us with money again
③would过去反复发生的动作意思是“过去常做某事”
或表示过去某种倾向。
During last summer vacation he would visit me every week.
He put medicine on the wound, but the wound would
not heal.（伤口老是不能愈合）
cannot/couldn’t+ have done：表示对现在或过去行为的否定推测。“不可能做了某事”

①- There were already five people in the car but they
managed to take me as well.
- It ____ a comfortable journey.
A. can’t be B. shouldn’t be
C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been
② You ____her in her office last Friday, because she's
been out of town for two weeks.
A. needn't have seen B. might have seen
C. must have seen D. couldn't have seen
may(might)+ have done：对过去发生的行为不太肯定的推测。“可能已经做了某事”
-I don’t know why he is late.
-Nor do I. He ____ an accident.
A. could have had B. should have had
C. might have had D. must have had
must+ have done：对过去发生的行为肯定的推测。
其否定式为：
cannot have done.
①-Why didn't you answer my phone when I phoned you
at about 11p.m yesterday?
-I ___and failed to hear.
A. might have slept B. must be sleeping
C. might be sleeping D. must have fallen asleep
②Jack described his father, who__________a brave boy
many years ago，as a strong-willed man.（安徽卷）
A. would be B. would have been
C. must be D. must have been
needn’t+ have done：本来不必要做的而实际上又做了。
Eg. You needn’t have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.
There was plenty of time for the work; She ____to the office.
A. must have hurried B. may have hurried
C. needn’t have hurried D. would have hurried
should(ought to)+ have done指过去)本来应该做而实际上又没有做。
should(ought to) not+ have
done:（指过去本来不应该做而实际上做了
①-My little daughter is coughing worse than ever.
-She ____ to the hospital yesterday.
A. had to be taken B. should have taken
C. must have been taken D. ought to have been taken
②I_______ have watched that movie —it gave me horrible
dreams.（山东卷）
A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t
would/could/might+
have done 用来表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气
意思是：
“过去本会/本能够/本可以做但没有做”
①We didn't know his telephone number, otherwise we______him.
A. would have telephoned B. would telephone
C. must have telephoned D. had telephoned
②If we had taken the other road, we_________（本可以到达）earlier.
③If she hadn’t helped you, you ___________ it.
A. could have finished B. couldn’t have finished
C. can’t have finished D. mustn’t have finished
④You——————————（本来能做得更好）,
but you didn’t try your best.
⑤ -Did you listen to the report?
-No. We ____ the meeting, but we had a lot of traffic
on our way there.
A. must have attended B. shouldn’t have attended
C. could attended D. could have attended
另外
情态动词+be doing 表示根据推测，现在正在进行或可能 正在进行的动作。
情态动词+be done 表示现在或将要发生的被动的动作。

①Come on! Mother must ________(等) for us at the school gate.
②A men can not _________(评判)by their looks.
③— Where is Jack? I can’t find him anywhere.
— He ____ his homework upstairs.
A. might have done B. must have done
C. must be doing D. must do
高考题组 A
1.湖南We’ve had a good start, but, next, more work needs________ to achieve the final success.
A. being done B. do C. to be done D. to do
2. 江苏Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but _____ say where he was.
A. mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. wouldn’t D. mightn’t
3.北京We _______the difficulty together, but why didn’t you call me?
A. should face B. might face C. could have faced D. must have faced
4.新课标I _____use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes
by my house.
A. couldn't B. mustn't C. shouldn't D. needn't
5.湖北They ______have arrived at lunchtime, but their flight was delayed.
　A. will B. can C. must D. should
6.浙江Had they known what was coming next, they ______ second thoughts.
A. may have B. could have C. must have had D. might have had
7.天津It’s quite warm here; we___ turn the heating on yet.
A. couldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D.wouldn’t
8.辽宁One of our rules is that every student ______ wear school uniform while at school.
A. might B. could C. shall D. Will
9.四川—I don’t care what people think.—Well, you _______
A. could B. would C. should D. might
10.重庆---_____you interrupt now? Can’t you see I’m on the phone?,
--- Sorry Sir, but it’s urgent.
A. Can B. should C. Must D. Would
11.江西We _____have bought so much food now that Suzie won’t be with us for dinner.
A. may not B. needn’t C. can’t D. mustn’t
12.陕西I _____ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.
A. won’t B. can’t C. can D. will
13.辽宁If you _______ go, at least wait until the storm is over.
A. can 　　　 B. may 　　　C. must 　　　D. Will
14.浙江卷－How's your new babysitter?
　　－We ____ ask for a better one ,All our kids love her so much.
A. should　　　　　B. Might C. mustn't 　　　　D. couldn't
15.北京—I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him?
　　—Don’t worry. He____________come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were.
A. must not 　　　B. need not 　　　C. would not 　　　D. might not
16.江西______ be the postman at the door, It’s only sis o’clock.
A. mustn’t 　　　B. can’t　　　 C. won’t　　　 D. needn’t
17. 上海It_____ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.
A. may B. can C. must D. should
18.全国 If you ______ smoke, please go outside.
A. can 　　　 B. should　　　 C. must　　　 D. may
19.陕西—Will you read me a story, Mummy?
　　—OK. You _______ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.
A. might 　　 　B. must 　　　C. could 　　　D. shall
20重庆——Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night?
—— I want to, but my mom simply _________ not let me out so late at night.
A. could　　　　 B. might 　C. would 　　　　D. should
21.湖南-----No one ________ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.
　　------Oh, you are really his big fan.
A．can 　　　B. need　　　 C. must 　　　D. might
22.福建卷------Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?
　　-----I am afraid you _____, in case he comes late for the meeting.
A. will 　　　B. must 　　　C. may 　　　D. can
23.江苏卷---I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.
　　---How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ______ it.
A. will have stolen 　　　　　B. might have stolen
C. should have stolen 　　　　D. must have stolen
24.全国They____________have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.
A. will　　　 B. can 　　　C. must 　　　D. should
25.湖南You buy a gift, but you can if you want to.
A. must B. mustn't C. have to D. don't have to
26.江西I have told you the truth. ______ I keep repeating it?
A Must B Can C May D Will
27.天津Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.
A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t
28.四川— I take the book out? —I'm afraid not.
A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need
29.全国Ⅰ Just be patient .You ______ expect the world to change so soon .
A. can’t B. needn’t C. may not D will not
30 —What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?
—Well， it be big—that’s not important.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. won’t
31. 重庆—I can’t find my purse anywhere. —You have lost it while shopping.
A. may B. can C. should D. would

32. 重庆—Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is?
—She_____in the classroom. I saw her there just now.
A. shall be     B. should have been C. must be      D. might have been
33. 福建It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but it be rather cold sometimes.
A. must B. can C. should D. would

34.浙江“You ____ have a wrong number,” she said. “There’s no one of that name here.”
A. need B. can C. must D. would
35.安徽Some people who don’t like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they just be quiet people. A. must B. may C. should D. would
36湖南— It’s the office! So you know eating is not allowed here.— Oh, sorry.
A. must B. will C. may D. need
37.海南What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There be twelve.
A. should B. would C. will D. shall

高考题组 B
1.(天津) This printer is of good quality. If it _____ break down within the first year, we would
repair it at our expense.
A. would B. should C. could D. might
2.北京— What’s the name?— Khulaifi. I spell that for you?
A.Shall B.Would C.Can D.Might
3.四川Although this sound like a simple task，great care is needed.
A.must B.may C.shall D.should
4.浙江You be hungry already— you had lunch only two hours ago!
A.wouldn’t B.can’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t
5.福建It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but it be rather cold sometimes.
A.must B.can C.should Dwould
6.全国Ⅰ—How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?
—It be，but it is now heavily polluted.
A.will B.would C.should D.must
7.上海—Guess what？ I have got A for my term paper.
—Great!You read widely and put a lot of work into it.
A.must B.should C.must have D.should have
8.安徽The teacher have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldn’t have wasted
time on him，I suppose.
A.should B.can C.would D.must
8.江西—Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.
—You it in the wrong place.
A.must put B.should have put C.might put D.might have put
9.全国ⅠThere’s no light on—they be at home.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t
10.全国ⅡWe hope that as many people as possible join us for the picnic tomorrow.
A.need B.must C.should D.can
11.天津We have proved great adventurers，but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.
A.needn’t B.may not C.shouldn’t D.mustn’t
12.浙江— Could I have a word with you，mum?— Oh dear，if you .
A.can B.must C.may D.should
13.福建If it were not for the fact that she sing，I would invite her to the party.
A.couldn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.might not
14.湖南Some aspects of a pilot’s job be boring，and pilots often work at
inconvenient hours.
A.can;have to B.may;can C.have to;may D.ought to;must
15.湖南The biggest problem for most plants，which just get up and run away when
Th