It,One,That三词之用法区别.doc

It, One, That三词之用法区别
1. 它们三词均作代词用，指代前文提到的名词。但是it
所指是同名同物，one和that所指是同名异物，如：
我喜欢那辆汽车，可我没足够的钱买它。
I like the car, but I have no enough money to buy it.
我喜欢汽车，可我买不起一辆。
I like cars, but I can’t afford to buy one
我想买的那辆汽车要比他的那辆漂亮得多。
The car which I want to buy is much more beautiful than that he has.
2. It 可以替名词性从句、动名词和不定式短语，还可
充当形式主语或宾语，而one和that无此用法。如：
我发现按时完成这项工作是不可能的。
I find it impossible to complete the project on time.
哪里能找到足够的食物和水还是个问题。
It is a question where we can find enough food and water.
It 可表示天气、时间、距离，以及现场情况知其为何事。
3. It 和that都可以指代上文的一部分或全句,而one不能。
如:杰克和我在美国一起学习了三年,我是不会忘记这事的.
Jack and I studied together in the United States; I’ll never forget it.
如何做得更快更好?那确实是个问题.
How to do it better and faster? That is really a question
4. one 和 that虽然都可以用来指代前文同名异物的名词,
但one指代同类中的一个,属于泛指=a/an+N;而that属于
特指=the+N. 如:
Do you need my pen? No, thanks.I have got one (=a pen).
The bridge built of steel is stronger than that built of stone.
                                 =the bridge
5. One只能代替可数名词,复数用 ones,而that可数或不
可数均可代,复数用those. 如:
篮子里很多苹果,请把烂的拣出来.
There are a lot of apples in the basket. Please pick out the rotten ones.
我们的规章制度和别的机关的大为不同.
Our rules are quite different from those of other organizations.
北京的天气比上海的冷得多.
The weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Shanghai.
6. One 一般有前置或后置的修饰语,或没有; 而that只可有后置的修饰语.如:
This bag is too small. Please give me a bigger one.
This school is the one that we visited last week.
The air in the countryside is fresher than that in cities.
Make the best choice:
1. —Did you find your dictionary yesterday?
      —No, I didn’t find______, but I’ve bought______.
      A. it/one  B. one/one   C. it/it  D. one/it
2. The recorder is better than ______I bought last year.
        A. the one  B. one  C. it  D. whic
3. The population of Zibo is smaller than _____ of Beijing.
        A. one  B. that  C. population  D. then
4. —Would you like a cup of coffee?
     —No, I’ve just had______.
        A. it  B. that  C. one  D. the one
5. I have bought a new bike. My _____ doesn’t work.
    A. old that  B. that old  C. the old one  D. old one
6. —Do you have my book, Mr Yang?
     —Yes, I have _______ right here.
A.      one  B. this  C. it  D. that
   7. Is_______necessary that we clean the floor again?
        A. one  B. that  C. this  D. it
   8. These pictures are more beautiful than____on the wall.
       A. that  B. those  C. one  D. ones

9. I was disappointed with the film. I had expressed_____to be much better.
      A. that  B. this  C. one  D. it

10. _____is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
       A. There    B. This   C. That    D. It
11. I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have_______.
       A. it   B. those   C. them    D. one
12. Few pleasures can be equal to______of a cool drink on a hot day.
       A. some   B. any   C. that   D. those
13. —Why don’t we takea little break?
      —Didn’t we just have ______?
       A. it  B. that  C. one  D. this
14. Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _____ didn’t help.
       A. he  B. which  C. she  D. it
15. There is a photo on the wall. _____ a photo of lei Feng.
      A. It  B. It’s  C. Its  D. He’s
16. Do you consider ______ wise to tell him the truth?
      A. that  B. this  C. which  D. it
17. I lost my pen. I’m loking for ______.
      A. one  B. that  C. it  D. this
18. I glanced my watch. ______was earlier than I thought .
      A. There  B. This   C. That   D. It
19. _____is important for us to learn foreign languages.
       A. This B. He  C. It  D. That

20. ______ needs further discussion whether we’ll build a library or not.
       A. We  B. He  C. It  D. There
 21. The Parkers bought a new house but _______ will need a lot of work before they move in.
       A. they  B. it  C. one  D. which
22. People in the west make ______ a rule to buy Christmas presents for their
   relatives and friends.
      A. it  B.that  C. this  D. as
 23. It was she ______ gave a sharp whistle, ______ makes it possible for us to catch the thief.
      A. who/that  B. that/that  C. that/which  D. who/it
 24. We’ll go to the cinema tonight. We must book the tickets in advance.
Who’d like to do ______?
     A. that  B. it  C. this  D. one
 25. ____ doesn’t make any difference my being there.
     A. That  B. Which  C. He  D. It
26. I hate _____ when people talk with their mouths full.
     A. it  B. that   C. these  D. them
 27. _____ was December 26,1893______ Mao Zedong
was born in a common village.
  A. The day/when  B. It/that  C. It/when  D. That/on which
 28. Wasn’t ______ a shame that she could never have any real happiness.
     A. there  B. this  C. that  D. it
 29. It was ______ discovered the secret first.
     A. I who  B. me that  C. myself that  D. myself who
 30. The baby was crying. His mother found ______ hardto make him laugh.
     A. her  B. this  C. that  D. it
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      21-25BACBD       26-30ACDAD