英语必修三festivals_around_the_world翻译.doc

unit1Festivals and celebrations
Festivals and celebrations of all kinds Of all kinds”各种各样的”，做后置定语，all kinds of做前置定语
have been held举行，举办
everywhere since ancient times自古以来，此时time用复数，表示
“时代”
. Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather严寒的结束
, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. SometimesAdv.=at times有时
celebrations would be held after hunters had caught animals. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find动词不定式主动形式表被动意义，to find做表语形容词的状语，且与句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
, especially during the cold winter months. Today's festivals have many origins, some religious, some seasonal, and some for special people or events.
Festivals of the Dead
Some festivals are held to honour the dead向死者表示尊敬，the dead为the+adj.结构表示一类人或者物。
or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help orEither...or...并列连词，“要么···要么···”“或者···或者····”
to do harmdo harm(to sb.)=do (sb.)harm“（给某人）”带来危害
. For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves扫墓
and light incense烧香
in memory ofIn memory of=in honor of纪念，追念
their ancestors. They also light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. In Mexico, people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November. On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls 以头骨的形式
and cakes with "bones" on them.他们上面用骨头装点，这是with的复合结构，作定语。修饰cakes
They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. It is now a children's festival, when they can dress up and go to their neighbours' homes to ask for sweets. If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them.
Festivals to Honour People
Festivals can also be held to honour famous people. The Dragon Boat Festival in China honours the famous ancient poet,Poet和QuYuan是同位语
Qu Yuan.In the USA, Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the New World. India has a 节日和庆典
自古以来，世界各地就有各种各样的节日和庆典。
多数最古老的节日总是庆祝严寒的结束，
春季的种植和秋天的收割。
有时，在猎人捕获猎物后，也举行庆祝活动。在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们就会挨饿。
现在的节日有很多由来，一些是宗教上的，一些是季节性的，一些是纪念特殊的人和事件的。
亡灵节
有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可能回到世上（给人们）提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。
在日本的孟兰盆节，人们要上坟、扫墓、烧香，以缅怀祖先。
他们还点起灯笼，奏响乐曲，因为他们认为这样做可以把祖先引回到世上。
在墨西哥，亡灵节是在11月初。
在这个重要的节日里，人们会吃制成颅骨形状的食物，和装点有“骨头”的蛋糕。
他们向亡者祭献食物、鲜花和礼品。
万圣节也源于自人们古老的信念，认为亡者的灵魂会返回人间。
万圣节如今成了孩子们的节日，
这天他们可以乔装打扮上邻居家要糖吃。如果邻居什么糖也不给，那么孩子们就可以捉弄他们了。

纪念名人的节日
也有纪念名人的节日。中国的端午节（龙舟节），是纪念著名古代诗人屈原的。美国的哥伦布日是纪念克里斯托弗·哥伦布发现“新大陆”的日子，印度在10月2日有个全国性的节日，纪念莫汉达斯·甘地，他是帮助印度脱离英国而独立的领袖。
庆丰收的节日
收获与感恩节是非常喜庆的节日。越冬的粮食收集起来了，农活结束了，人们都心怀感激，在欧洲国家，人们通常用花果来装饰教堂和市政厅，在一起聚餐。有些人还可能因为他们的农产品（参加各种评选）而获奖，比如最大的西瓜或最帅的公鸡。中国和日本national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India's independence from Britain.
Harvest Festivals
Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events. People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agriculturalAgriculture n.农业 agricultural adj.农业的，农艺的
work is over. In European ountries, people will usually decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruitdecorate sth. with sth.用某物装饰某物
, and will get together聚会
to have meals. Some people might win awards forwin awards for因···而得奖
their farm produceProduce n.产品,尤其指农产品。
Producer n.生产商，制造商，产地
, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster.China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moonadmire the moon赏月
and in China, enjoy mooncakes.
Spring Festivals
The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward tolook forward to+n./pron./doing期望，期待，盼望
the end of winter and to the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat and may give children lucky money in red paper. There are dragon dances and carnivals, and families celebrate the Lunar New Year together. Some Western countries have very exciting carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in February. These carnivals might include parades, dancing in the streets day and nightDay and night整天，昼夜
, loud music and colourful clothingClothing n 衣服
Cloth n. 布料（不可数名词）
of all kinds. Easter is an important religious and social festival for Christians around the world. It celebrates the return of Jesus from the dead and the coming of spring and new life. Japan's Cherry Blossom Festival 樱花节
happens a little later. The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as thoughAs though “好像”引导让步状语从句或表语从句，
it is covered with pink snow.
People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun withhave fun with=enjoy oneself/have a good time with 玩的开心
each other. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud ofbe proud of 为···而自豪
our customs and forget our work for a little while.
都有中秋节，这时，人们会赏月。在中国，人们还品尝月饼。
春天的节日
最富生气而有最重要的节日，就是告别冬天，迎来春天的日子。中国人过春节要吃饺
子，鱼和肉，还要给孩子们送红纸包着的压岁钱。（他们）舞龙灯、狂欢，全家人聚在一起欢庆阴.历年，在一些西方国家有激动人心的狂欢节，通常在二月，复.活节前的四十天。狂欢节期间，人们身着各种艳丽的节日盛装，伴随着鼓嗓的音乐。在街头游..行，昼夜跳舞。复.活节是全世界基.督徒的一个重要的宗.教和公众节日。它庆祝耶.稣复活，也欢庆春天和新生命的到来。再晚些时候，日本就迎来了樱花节，（节日里）整个国度到处是盛开的樱花，看上去就像覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。
人们喜欢聚在一起吃、喝、玩耍，节日让我们享受生活，让我们为自己的习俗而自豪，还可以暂时忘掉工作中的烦恼。