英语倒装句(语法知识)资料讲解.ppt

倒装句|英语句子的自然顺序英语句子的自然顺序-是主语在前是主语在前,谓语在后（谓语在后（主主语语+谓语）。谓语）。把谓语动词放在主语之前（谓语把谓语动词放在主语之前（谓语+主语主语）,就叫就叫倒装结倒装结构构。如果如果全部谓语全部谓语放在主语之前放在主语之前,叫叫全部倒装全部倒装;如果只把如果只把助动词或助动词或be动词动词放在主语之前就叫放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。部分倒装。inversions基本语序基本语序主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语IloveEnglish.谓语谓语+主语主语完全倒装完全倒装Herecametheheadmaster.助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词+主语主语+动词动词部分倒装部分倒装NervewillIforgiveyou.1.TherelivedagirlcalledAQiaolongago.2._3.2.Herecomesyourhusband._4.3.Outrushedthechildren._5.4.Inthefrontoftheclassroomsitsaprofessor.6._7.5.Sittinginthefrontaretheleadersoftheschool.8._9.6.Writtenontheblackboardarethenamesofthosewhowerelateyesterday.10._11.7.Goarethedayswhenweusedtheforeignoil.12._Read,changetheorderanddiscovertheruleA girl called A Qiao lived there long ago.Your husband comes here.The children rushed out.A professor sits in front of the classroom.The leaders of the school are sitting in the front.The names of whose are written on the blackboard.The days when we used the foreign oil are gone.一、完全倒装一、完全倒装1.There 1.There bebe结构。另外结构。另外,在此结构中可以用在此结构中可以用来代替来代替bebe动词的动词有动词的动词有:exist,seem,exist,seem,happen,appear,live,rise,standhappen,appear,live,rise,stand等。等。如如:Therestoodadogbeforehim.Thereexistdifferentopinionsonthisquestion.巩固练习:1)_abeautifulpalace_thefootofthehill.A.Therestand;atB.Therestands;underC.Standsthere;underD.Therestands;at2(1).在以在以here、there、now、then等副词开等副词开头的句子里。头的句子里。“Here,There,Now,Then+come(或be,go,lie,run)+主语结构。Herecomestheoldlady!Thencamethehourwehadbeenlookingforwardto.Therecomesthebus.Nowcomesyourturn.如果如果主语是人称代词主语是人称代词,就不用倒装就不用倒装。如:Hereyouare.Thereshecomes.(2).表示方向的副词表示方向的副词out,in,up,down等置于等置于句首句首,要用全部倒装。要用全部倒装。如果主语是人称代词如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。就不用倒装。如如:IncameMr.White.Upwentthearrowintotheair.Awaywenttheboy.2)There_.Andhere_.A.goesthephone;shecomesB.isthephonegoing;isshe C.doesthephonego;doesshecomeD.thephonegoes;comeshe3)Out_,withastickinhishand.A.didherushB.rushedheC.herushedD.hedidrush4)_fromthetopofthebuildingwhenthepolicemanpointedthegunathim.A.JumpeddowntherobberB.JumpedtherobberdownC.DownjumpedtherobberD.Downtherobberjumped3.当表示地点的介词词组(如如onthewall,underthetree,infrontofthehouse,inthemiddleoftheroom等等)在句首时。Atthefootofthehillliesabeautifullake.Thesoldiersrantothebuilding,onthetopofwhichflewaflag.Eastofthelakelietwotowns.Underthetreewaslyingawoundedsoldier.5)Nearthechurch_cottage.A.wassuchanoldB.hadasooldC.wassucholdaD.issoanold4.“强调分词或作表语的形容词强调分词或作表语的形容词如如:Walkingattheheadofthelinewasourteacher.6)_,amanofachievements,deepthoughts,butwithsimplehabits.A.EinsteinwassuchB.SuchwasEinsteinC.EinsteinwassoD.SowasEinstein7)_arethedayswhenteacherswerelookeddownupon.A.GoneB.Go C.TogoD.Going5.“such作表语，放句首作表语，放句首结构。结构。如如:Suchwasthestoryhetoldme.6-7二、部分倒装二、部分倒装部分倒装是把be动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词,要在主语之前加助动词do/does/did等,而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。NervewillIforgiveyou.NervedoIlikehistory.1.1.句首句首状语为状语为否否定词或定词或半否半否定词的句子。定词的句子。这类词或短语主要有never,neither,nor,little,seldom(很少，不常）很少，不常）,rarely（很少，罕有）（很少，罕有）,hardly,scarcely（几乎不，简直没有）（几乎不，简直没有）,nosooner（立即）（立即）,notonly,innoway（决不）（决不）,atnotime,few,not,no等,如:NotaworddidIsaytohimNeverhaveIfoundhimsohappy.LittledoeshecareaboutwhatIsaid.Icantswim.Neithercanhe.Nosoonerhadhegonetobedthanhefellasleep.巩固练习:1)Hardly_theairportwhentheplanetookoff.A.Ihadarrivedat B.hadIarrivedC.hadIreachedD.Ihadgotto2)Haveyoueverseenanythinglikethatbefore?No,_anythinglikethatbefore.A.IneverhaveseenB.neverIhaveseenC.neverhaveIseenD.Ihaveseen3)Sheisnotfondofcooking,_I.A.soamB.noramC.neitherD.nordo2.only+状语短语或状语从句状语短语或状语从句放在句首放在句首,要部分倒装。要部分倒装。如如:Onlybythismeansisitpossibletoexplainit.(介词短语)OnlythendidIrealizetheimportanceofmath.(副词)Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1918washeabletogethappilybacktowork.(从句)4)Onlyinthisway_makeprogressinyourEnglish.A.youB.canyouC.youbeabletoD.willyouableto5)Onlywhenthemeetingwasover_gobacktomeethisfriend.A.hecouldB.hewasabletoC.washeabletoD.wasabletohe3.so或或so引导的短语放在句首引导的短语放在句首,要部分倒装。要部分倒装。如如:Isawthefilm,sodidshe.Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim6)ThedoctortoldCharlietobreathedeeplyand_.A.sodidCharlieB.CharliedidsoC.CharliedoessoD.didCharlieso7)Soloudly_that_hearherclearly.A.didshespeak;couldeveryoneB.didshespeak;everyonecouldC.shespoke;couldeveryoneD.shespoke;everyonecould4.Notonly+分句分句,butalso+分句分句句型中的句型中的前前一分句要部分倒装一分句要部分倒装。如如:NotonlydoesJohnloveChinese,heisalsogoodatspeakingit.但但notonly.butalso.连接主语时连接主语时,不倒装。不倒装。如如:Notonlythemotherbutalsothechildrenaresick.8)_himselfwrong,buthisfriendswerewrong.A.NotwasonlyheB.NotonlyheC.NotonlywasheD.Notonlywas5.Notuntil放在句首放在句首,从句不倒装从句不倒装,主句倒装主句倒装。如如:Notuntillastweekdidtheyfindthelostbike.(简单句)Notuntilmysonhadenteredtheuniversitydidherealizetheimportanceoftime.(复合句)9)Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury_knowwhatheatis.A.mandidB.manC.didntmanD.didman10)NotuntilIbegantowork_realizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.A.didntIB.didIC.IdidntD.I6.在以在以often,well,manyatime,nowandagain等方式或频度副词等方式或频度副词(短语短语)开头的句子中开头的句子中,要用要用部分倒装结构。部分倒装结构。如如:ManyatimehasJohngivenmegoodadvice.Oftenhavewemadethattest.12)Manyatime_swimmingalone.A.theboywentB.wenttheboyC.didtheboygoD.didgotheboy7.用于某些表示祝愿的句子里 May you succeed!Long live the Peoples Republic of China!巧记倒装句巧记倒装句在在带带有有倒倒装装句句的的复复合合句句（或或并并列列句句）中中，到到底底应应在在何何处处倒倒装装，下下面面的的顺顺口口溜溜可可以以帮帮助助你你较较容容易易地地掌掌握握其其结结构形式。构形式。NB NB前倒后不前倒后不，O O，NUNU主倒从不倒主倒从不倒，2N2N前倒后也倒前倒后也倒，NMNM前后均不倒前后均不倒。NB代表代表Notonly，butalso引导的并列句。引导的并列句。notonly位于句首位于句首时，所引导的前面的分句倒装，后时，所引导的前面的分句倒装，后面的分句不倒装。故此称为面的分句不倒装。故此称为“前倒前倒后不倒后不倒”。如：。如：1）Notonlydidhecome，butalsohewasveryhappy2）Notonlywaseverythingthathehadtakenawayfromhim，butalsohisGermancitizenship（wastakenaway）O O代表代表onlyonly状语从句；状语从句；NUNU代表代表Not untilNot until状语从句。此两种结构位于句首时，倒装主句状语从句。此两种结构位于句首时，倒装主句而不倒装从句，即：而不倒装从句，即：“主倒从不倒主倒从不倒”。如：。如：1 1）OnlyOnly when he told me when he told me did I know itdid I know it2 2）Not untilNot until I began to work I began to work did I did I realizerealize how much time I had wasted how much time I had wastedNo soonerthanNo soonerthan，HardlyHardlyScarcelywhenScarcelywhen等句型也属此类用法。如：等句型也属此类用法。如：No soonerNo sooner（HardlyHardly）had we reached home had we reached home thanthan（whenwhen）it began to rainit began to rain2N2N代表代表NeithernorNeithernor所引导所引导的并列句。的并列句。2N2N若位于两分句之首，若位于两分句之首，则前后分句均倒装。即则前后分句均倒装。即“前倒后前倒后也倒也倒”。如：。如：Neither do I know her nameNeither do I know her name，nor does he.nor does he.NM即即Nomatter引导的状语从句。引导的状语从句。此时前面从句及后面主句均不倒装。此时前面从句及后面主句均不倒装。即即“前后均不倒前后均不倒”。如：。如：Nomatterhowbusyheis，healwayscomestohelpus倒倒装装倒装句倒装句全部倒装全部倒装部分倒装部分倒装1.在以在以here、there、now、then、off、away等副词开头的句子里。等副词开头的句子里。2.表示地点的介词短语位于句首表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。时。1、Only+状语位于句首时状语位于句首时2.否定副词或短语位于句首时否定副词或短语位于句首时3、在省去、在省去if的虚拟条件从句的虚拟条件从句中中4、SoNeitherNor位于句首时位于句首时5、as引导的让步状语从句引导的让步状语从句6、特殊句式、特殊句式练习n1.-“Look!Here_.”-“Oh,thankGod.Here_.”A.theteachercomes;hecomesB.comestheteacher;comesheC.doestheteachercome;doeshecomeD.comestheteacher;hecomesn2.Wewaitedandwaited._wehadbeenlookingforwardto.A.ThencamethemomentB.ThendidthemomentcomeC.ThemomentthencameD.Thenwascomingthemomentn3._canyouexpecttogetapayrise.AWithhardworkBAlthoughworkhardCOnlywithhardworkDNowthatheworkshardDACn4.Onlyafter_togotoschool.A.NewChinawasfounded;hewasableB.wasNewChinafounded;washeableC.NewChinacameintobeing;washeableD.NewChinafounded;hewasablen5.Little_abouthisownsafety,thoughhewasingreatdangerhimself.A.doeshecareB.didhecareC.hecaresD.hecaredn7.Nosooner_tothecinema_thefilmbegan.A.hadhegot,thanB.hehadgot,whenC.didheget,thanD.hadhegot,whenCABn8.Notonly_interestedinfootballbut_beginningtoshowaninterestinit.Atheteacherhimselfis;allhisstudentsareB.theteacherhimselfis;areallhisstudentsC.istheteacherhimself;areallhisstudentsD.istheteacherhimself;allhisstudentsaren9.-Didyouenjoythattrip?-Imafraidnot.And_.A.myclassmatesdonteitherB.myclassmatesdidnt,eitherC.neitherdidmyclassmatesD.bothBandCn10.Sodifficult_ittoworkouttheproblemthatIdecidedtoaskTomforadvice.A.IdidfindB.didIfindC.IhavefoundD.haveIfoundDBD1.Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver_howseriousthepollutionwas.A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.thevillagersrealizedD.didntthevillagersrealize2.Onlyinthisway_tomakeimprovementintheoperatingsystemA.youcanhopeB.youdidhopeC.canyouhopeD.didyouhope3.IfJoeswifewontgototheparty,_.A.hewilleitherB.neitherwillheC.heneitherwillD.eitherhewill4.Myroomgetsverycoldatnight._.A.SoismineB.SomineisC.SodoesmineD.Sominedoes5.Notasinglesong_atyesterdaysparty.A.shesangB.sangsheC.didshesingD.shedidsing6.Itwascarelessofyoutohaveleftyourclothesoutsideallnight.MyGod!_.A.SodidIB.SoIdidC.SowereyouD.Sodidyou7.IfinallygotthejobIdreamedabout.Neverinallmylifesohappy_.A.didIfeelB.IfeltC.IhadfeltD.hadIfelt8.Maybeyouhavebeentomanycountries,butnowhereelse_suchabeautifulpalace.A.canyoufindB.youcouldfindC.youcanfindD.couldyoufind虽然虽然他是个孩子，但他懂得很多。他是个孩子，但他懂得很多。只有只有用这种方式我们才能提高我们的英用这种方式我们才能提高我们的英语水平。语水平。直到直到他失去健康，他才意识到好的身体他失去健康，他才意识到好的身体意味着什么。意味着什么。Childasheis,heknowsalot.OnlyinthiswaycanweimproveourEnglish.Notuntilhelosthishealthdidherealizewhatgoodhealthmeant.