Book4-unit3grammar课件.ppt

Review:-ing形式作主语和宾语形式作主语和宾语作主语作主语1._is talking to a wall.对他说话等于对牛弹琴。对他说话等于对牛弹琴。2.It is no use _ here.在这里等是没有用处的在这里等是没有用处的。3._ is my sole exercise.散步是我唯一的运动。散步是我唯一的运动。4._ mends no holes.(谚谚)空谈无济于事。空谈无济于事。Talking to himWalkingTalking waiting作宾语作宾语5.I suggest _.我建议结束会议。我建议结束会议。6.He admitted _.他承认钱是他拿的。他承认钱是他拿的。7.I couldnt help _.我禁不住笑了起来。我禁不住笑了起来。8.Your coat needs _.你的大衣需要刷一下。你的大衣需要刷一下。bringing the meeting to an endtaking the moneylaughingpainting1.You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing.2.Charlie spent his childhood looking afterhis sick mother.3.He walked around stiffly carrying a walkingstick.4.In 1972 he was given a special Oscar for his outstanding work in films.5.The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted.宾补宾补表语表语定语定语宾补宾补定语定语GrammarTeachingaims:MastertherulesandusageofV-ingusedasattributive,predicativeandobjectcomplement1.-ing形式作定语形式作定语单个动词的单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面的前面,表示被修饰名词的用途或功能表示被修饰名词的用途或功能awalkingstick=astickforwalking手杖手杖 areadingroom=阅览室阅览室awashingmachine=洗衣机洗衣机aswimmingpool=游泳池游泳池aroomforreadingamachineforwashingapoolforswimming3.注意注意：现在分词，过去分词和不定式：现在分词，过去分词和不定式做定语的区别是：做定语的区别是：现在分词表正在主动或进行意义；现在分词表正在主动或进行意义；过去分词表示被动或完成意义；过去分词表示被动或完成意义；不定式表示将要发生的动作。不定式表示将要发生的动作。正在打篮球的男孩儿是汤姆正在打篮球的男孩儿是汤姆.TheboyplayingbasketballisTom.用过的书用过的书 usedbooks 一颗倒下的树一颗倒下的树 afallentree 我很多工作要做。我很多工作要做。Ihavealotofworktodo.【考例考例】Thereweresomeboys_nearthewindow,soIcouldntfallasleep.A.toshoutB.shoutedC.shoutD.shouting D 二、二、V-ing形式作形式作表语表语1.当表示主语的内容时，表语与主语可调当表示主语的内容时，表语与主语可调换位置。换位置。Myfavoritesportisswimming.=Swimmingismyfavoritesport.汉译英：我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。汉译英：我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。Myjobislookingafterthechildren.2.当表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态当表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(V-ing相当一个形容词）时，表语与主语不可相当一个形容词）时，表语与主语不可调换位置。调换位置。这个问题很令人困惑。这个问题很令人困惑。Theproblemisquitepuzzling/confusing.3.作表语的作表语的V-ing形式也可带有自己形式也可带有自己的逻辑主语。的逻辑主语。V-ing形式作表语时，其逻辑主语往往是句形式作表语时，其逻辑主语往往是句子中的主语，但作表语的子中的主语，但作表语的-ing形式也可带形式也可带有自己的逻辑主语有自己的逻辑主语,逻辑主语一般由形容词逻辑主语一般由形容词性物主代词或名词所有格来承担。性物主代词或名词所有格来承担。我担心的是她我担心的是她/Julia天天晚上熬夜熬得太迟。天天晚上熬夜熬得太迟。Whatworriesmemostisher(Julias)stayingtoolateeverynight.（stayingtoolateeverynight的逻辑主语的逻辑主语是是Julia）主要的问题是你缺乏大量的练习。主要的问题是你缺乏大量的练习。Themainproblemisyournothavingpracticedalot.（nothavingpracticedalot的逻辑主语的逻辑主语是是you）三、三、V-ing形式作形式作宾语补足语宾语补足语1.V-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，对宾语进行解释说明，表示一个正在进行对宾语进行解释说明，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。其中，宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上有态。其中，宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上有主动关系。主动关系。例：例：Whenwereturned,wefoundastrangerstandinginfrontofthehouse.astranger是是found的宾语，的宾语，standinginfrontofthehouse是宾语补足语。是宾语补足语。2.能用能用V-ing形式作宾语补足语的常见的几形式作宾语补足语的常见的几类动词类动词:(1)表示感觉和心理状态的动词：表示感觉和心理状态的动词：(see,watch,notice,hear,feel,smell,lookat,listento,observe,find)等动词等动词+sb./sth.+doingsth.其中其中doingsth.做宾补。做宾补。汉译英：汉译英：我们听到隔壁一个女孩在唱歌。我们听到隔壁一个女孩在唱歌。Weheardagirlsinginginthenextroom.他看见孩子们在院子里玩。他看见孩子们在院子里玩。Hesawthechildrenplayingintheyard.(2)使役动词（常见的有使役动词（常见的有have,keep,get,leave,set,catch等）等）+sb/sth+doingsth(作宾补）作宾补）汉译英：汉译英：我们让火整夜燃烧着。我们让火整夜燃烧着。Wekeptthefireburningallnightlong.我很遗憾让你一直等着。我很遗憾让你一直等着。Imsorrytohaveleft youwaiting.(3)see,watch,notice,hear,find等后跟等后跟doing与与do的区别：的区别：doing表示动作正在进行，而表示动作正在进行，而do表示（或强表示（或强调）动作从开始到结束的全过程。调）动作从开始到结束的全过程。汉译英：汉译英：你听见有人在敲门吗？你听见有人在敲门吗？Doyouhearsomeoneknockingatthedoor?你听见有人敲门了吗？你听见有人敲门了吗？Doyouhearsomeoneknockatthedoor?1.IcantimagineBilly_amotorbike.2.Didyouhearthedogdownstairs_formostofthenight?3.Frankisverygoodattellingfunnyjokes.Hecanbevery_.4.Youcantstopme_whatIwant.5.Hegavemea_hugwhenhemetmeattheairport.6.Jimhasreallylearntveryfast.Shehasmade_progress.7.Itsbeenrainingallday.Thisweatheris_.8.WhenIcameoutofthetheatre,Inoticedagroupofchildren_musicalinstrumentsacrossthestreet.ridingbarkingamusingdoingwelcomingastonishingdepressingplaying1.Insomelanguages,100wordsmakeuphalfofallwords_indailyconversations.A.usingB.touseC.havingusedD.used2.Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourand_lessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.A.beingweighedB.toweighB.C.weighedD.weighing语法专练语法专练3.Attheageof29,Davewasaworker,_inasmallapartmentnearBostonand_whattodoabouthisfuture.A.living;wonderingB.lived;wonderingB.C.lived;wonderedD.living;wondered4.Theyusecomputerstokeepthetraffic_smoothly.A.beingrunB.runB.C.torunD.running 5.The_boywaslastseen_neartheEastLake.A.missing;playingB.missing;playB.C.missed;playedD.missed;toplay6.Asisknowntousall,travelingis_,butweoftenfeel_whenwearebackfromtravels.A.interesting;tiredB.B.interested;tiringC.C.interesting;tiringD.D.interested;tired7.Whatworriedtheboymostwas_tovisithisfatheristhehospital.A.hisnotbeingallowedB.B.hisnotallowingC.hisnotbeenallowedD.hisbeingnotallowed8.Johnsbadhabitis_withoutthoroughunderstanding.A.readB.beingreadC.tobereadD.reading9.IcanhardlyimaginePeter_acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.sail B.tosailB.C.sailingD.tohavesailed10.-Didyouseetheboysyesterdayafternoon?-Yes.Isawthem_thefencewhenIpassed.A.climbB.climbingB.C.climbedD.toclimb11.Onelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesand_them.A.correctsB.correctB.C.tocorrectD.correcting12.Whenwewatchedthenationalflag_intheOlympicGamesonTV,weraisedacheer.A.risingB.beingrisenC.raisedD.raising.14.Robertisindeedawiseman.Oh,yes.HowoftenIhaveregretted_hisadvice!A.totakeB.takingB.C.nottotakeD.nottaking13.Pleasedomeafavor_myfriendMr.SmithtoYouthTheaterat7:30tonight.A.toinviteB.inviting B.C.inviteD.invited15.CanIsmokehere?Sorry.Wedontallow_here.A.peoplesmokingB.peoplesmokeC.tosmokeD.smoking16.Allthestaffinourcompanyareconsidering_tothecitycentreforthefashionshow.A.togo B.goingB.C.tohavegoneD.havinggone17.A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen.A.smoke B.smoking C.to smoke D.smoked18.When we got back from the cinema,we found the lamp_ but the door _.A.being on;shutB.burning;shutting C.burning;shut D.on;shutting 19.Werehavingameetinginhalfanhour.Thedecision_atthemeetingwillInfluencethefutureofourcompany.A.tobemadeB.beingmadeC.madeD.havingbeenmade20.Thelecture,_at7:00pmlastnight,wasfollowedbyanobservationofthemoonwithtelescopes.A.startingB.beingstartingB.C.tostartD.tobestartedA A 21.Johnhasreallygotthejobbecauseheshowedmetheofficialletter_himit.A.offeredB.offeringB.C.toofferD.tobeoffered22.Ilookedupandnoticedasnake_itswayupthetreetocatchitsbreakfast.A.towindB.windB.C.windingD.woundB C23.Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetyourcar_.A.washedB.washC.washingD.towashA24.Thegovernmentplanstobringinnewlaws_parentstotakemoreresponsibilityfortheeducationoftheirchildren.A.forcedB.forcingC.tobeforcedD.havingforced B25.Volunteeringgivesyouachance_lives,includingyourown.A.change B.changingC.changed D.tochangeD 26.Whenwesawtheroad_withsnow,wedecidedtospendtheholidayathome.A.blockB.toblockB.C.blocking D.blockedD 27.Youcannotacceptanopinion_toyouunlessitisbasedonfacts.A.offeringB.toofferC.havingofferedD.offered28.Theroomisemptyexceptforabookshelf_inonecorner.A.standingB.tostandC.standsD.stood D A 29.Whenheawoke,hefoundhimself_byanoldwoman.A.lookedafterB.belookedafterB.C.beinglookedafter D.belookingafter30.Theairport_nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.A.beingcompletedB.tobecompletedC.completedD.havingbeencompleted