高考英语七选五讲解学习.ppt

高考英语任务型阅读高考英语任务型阅读七选五解读七选五解读Teaching aims:(教学目标教学目标)了解“七选五”的特点、掌握解这类题的技巧。利用“七选五”的特点及解题技巧解题。Step1:Leading-in(导入导入)l试题模式试题模式：给出一篇缺少给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有个句子的文章，对应有7个选个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。填入相应的空白处。l考查重点：考查重点：主要考查考生对主要考查考生对文章的整体内容文章的整体内容和和结构结构以及以及上下文逻辑意义上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。（考试说明）的理解和掌握。（考试说明）l选项特点：选项特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）主旨概括句（文章整体内容）过渡性句子（文章结构）过渡性句子（文章结构）注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）题题型解型解读读解题技巧解题技巧细节类题型解题技巧细节类题型解题技巧1)词汇复现法词汇复现法 复现是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的复现是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对位置对同一个概念同一个概念进行进行重复重复描述，从而使得描述，从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同的地方重复出现。同样的意思在文章中不同的地方重复出现。复现的形式主要是指主要是指复现的形式主要是指主要是指同词（同源词）同词（同源词）复现、同（近）义词复现复现、同（近）义词复现、反义词复现反义词复现等。等。词汇复现（同词复现）词汇复现（同词复现）词汇复现（同词复现）词汇复现（同词复现）（20102010全国课标卷）全国课标卷）全国课标卷）全国课标卷）During my first meeting,I presented and then opened the floor to questions.71 .My first reaction was to answer defensively.B.Restate the question with respect.C.Some ideas can be quite concrete.D.There were many difficult questions.词汇复现（反义词复现）词汇复现（反义词复现）词汇复现（反义词复现）词汇复现（反义词复现）（20122012辽宁卷）辽宁卷）辽宁卷）辽宁卷）There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town,or changed our jobs or schools.Such changes often leaves us without a friend 71.But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage.D.Try not to find fault with your friends.E.Making new friends comes easy for some people.F.For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.2)词汇同现法词汇同现法 词汇同现是指属于词汇同现是指属于同一词汇搭配范畴同一词汇搭配范畴或或者者某一领域的词汇某一领域的词汇在文章中同时出现，达到在文章中同时出现，达到语义衔接的目的语义衔接的目的。你可以。你可以在选项中找到与此在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来。一般来说，上下文中词汇的范畴越小，上下文的衔说，上下文中词汇的范畴越小，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。接关系越紧密。Parents should help their children understand money.71 so you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things,candy or toys,for example.D.Talk yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.E.Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.G.The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.词汇同现（同一词汇范畴词汇同现（同一词汇范畴词汇同现（同一词汇范畴词汇同现（同一词汇范畴）（）（）（）（20112011课标全国卷）课标全国卷）课标全国卷）课标全国卷）3）代词线索法）代词线索法英语表达中，代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用是用来指代前面面提及的名词或句子。代词线索代词线索代词线索代词线索 （20122012全国课标卷）全国课标卷）全国课标卷）全国课标卷）Try taking these four steps.the next time you are stressed:(1)Get support.When you need help,reach out to the people who care about you.Talk to“trusted adult,such as“parent or other relatives.72 They might have had similar problems,such as dealing with a test,or the death of a beloved pet.D.Ah,it feels so good when the stress is gone.E.You need to figure out what the problem is.F.And dont forget about your friends.4）逻辑关系线索法）逻辑关系线索法并列与并列与递进递进关系关系：and,also,further,moreover,whats more,eitheror,neithernor,not onlybut also,firstly,secondly,thirdly.等;因果关系因果关系：so,therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,consequently,as a result等；转转折与折与让让步关系步关系：however,nevertheless,though,yet,in spite of,on the contrary,otherwise,while,rather than,even if,despite,fortunately等。逻辑关系线索逻辑关系线索逻辑关系线索逻辑关系线索 （并列或递进关系）并列或递进关系）（并列或递进关系）（并列或递进关系）（20122012辽宁卷）辽宁卷）辽宁卷）辽宁卷）The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves.75 Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be.Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you.B.Do things together.C.Do not wait to be spoken to.D.Try not to find fault with your friends.逻辑关系线索逻辑关系线索逻辑关系线索逻辑关系线索 （因果关系）（因果关系）（因果关系）（因果关系）（20122012辽宁卷）辽宁卷）辽宁卷）辽宁卷）It is a good thing to stay in touch.However,try not to press your new friend with calls,messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend.74 .The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.E.Making new friends comes easy for some people.F.For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.G.So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.逻辑关系线索逻辑关系线索逻辑关系线索逻辑关系线索 （转折关系）（转折关系）（转折关系）（转折关系）（20112011辽宁卷）辽宁卷）辽宁卷）辽宁卷）Everyone is forgetful,but as we age,we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bitand that can be a very annoying thing.71 Read on for some techniques worth trying.D.So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.F.Luckily,research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.G.In other words,when you take care of your body,you take care of your brain.解题技巧解题技巧篇章结构类题解题技巧篇章结构类题解题技巧根据空格所在位置确定不同的解题策略根据空格所在位置确定不同的解题策略 1)如果如果空格在段首或为段落标题空格在段首或为段落标题 通常是段落主题句通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题了解大意知主题。2)如果空格在段尾如果空格在段尾 通常是通常是结论、概括性语句结论、概括性语句。注意在。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词总结等的信号词，如，如therefore,as a result,thus,hence,in short,to sum up,to conclude,in a word等词语等词语，选项中也选项中也可发现前文的同义词句可发现前文的同义词句。3)如果空格是一整个自然段如果空格是一整个自然段通常是承上启下的句子。通常是承上启下的句子。要特别关注要特别关注前后段的内在联系和逻辑前后段的内在联系和逻辑关系关系。空格为段落标题空格为段落标题空格为段落标题空格为段落标题 （20102010课标全国卷）课标全国卷）课标全国卷）课标全国卷）73 When a person is asking a question,show interest and a desire to understand the question by listening and asking for clarification.A.Show your true interest.B.Restate the question with respect.C.Some ideas can be quite concrete.1.看看标题、副标题标题、副标题预测预测文章文章大意大意2.看看选项选项，找出和文章相对应的，找出和文章相对应的关键词关键词3.通通读读全文全文，查看，查看主题句主题句，分析，分析结构结构4.看空前空后内容，分析之间的看空前空后内容，分析之间的逻辑性逻辑性5.灵活掌握答题灵活掌握答题顺序顺序(先易后难先易后难)6.代入答案，重点代入答案，重点核查核查逻辑关系。逻辑关系。解题步骤：解题步骤：Summary(总结总结)l七七选五阅读理解题的解题技巧选五阅读理解题的解题技巧:l l速读全文，关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题速读全文，关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题l l浏览选项，理解全篇逻辑关系浏览选项，理解全篇逻辑关系,找出关键词找出关键词l l运用上下文所运用上下文所运用上下文所运用上下文所重复的关键词重复的关键词推断推断推断推断 l l利用同义词、利用同义词、近义词、反义词关系近义词、反义词关系 l l利用同一范畴或领域的词的关系利用同一范畴或领域的词的关系 l l利用代词、冠词的暗示利用代词、冠词的暗示 l l理清结构与逻辑关系，确定答案理清结构与逻辑关系，确定答案理清结构与逻辑关系，确定答案理清结构与逻辑关系，确定答案