高中英语专题之虚词必背短语.docx

虚词必背短语
A 
as if/though 好像，仿佛
as long as 只要;和……一样长 
as soon as ……就……
as usual照例,照常,跟往常一样 
as well 也,还
as well as 既……又……;除……之外(还)
aside from 除……以外 
ask for help 寻求帮助
ask for leave 请假
ask for trouble 自找麻烦，自讨苦吃 
assist sb. in doing 帮助某人做……
assist sb. with sth.帮助某人(做)某事
associate….with 联合;把……与……联系在一起
associate with 与……相关;和……来往
at a bargain 廉价地
at a constant speed 以恒定速度;勾速 
at a dimerent time 在不同的时间
at a disadvantage 处于不利地位
at a discount低于正常价格，打折
at a distance 在远处，有一些距离，稍远一些 
at a loss 不知所错,困感 
at a speed of 以………速度
at a time一次;每次:在某时
at all(用于否定句句末)根本;究意
at all costs 无论如何,不惜任何代价
at all times 一直;始终
at an end 完结,结束;耗尽
at any price无论如何:不惜任何代价 
at any rate 不管怎样，无论如何，至少
at any risk 无论冒什么风险，无论如何 
at any time 在任何时候，随时 
at best 充其量，至多 
at Christmas 在圣诞节
at church 做礼拜
at dawn 在黎明时刻 
at dusk 在黄昏
at ease 安逸,自由自在;舒适
at first 首先，最初(=at/in the beginning) at first sight/glance 乍一看,初看起来
at full length 极详细地,详详细细地;全身平伸地 
at hand 近在手边，在附近
at home 在家;在国内
at intervals 时时，不时;相隔一定距离(或时间)
at last 终于,最后
at length 最后,终究;详尽地 
at midnight 在午夜
at(the)most 至多,最多 
at no time 从不，决不
at once 立刻,马上
at one time 曾经,一度
at one's command 听候某人的吩咐;服从某人的支配 
at one’s convenience 在某人方便的时候
at one’s earliest convenience 在某人方便的时候尽早
at one's own pace 按某人自己的节奏
at one's service 听某人差遣，听凭某人吩咐
at peace 处于和平/和睦状态
at present 目前，现在(at the present time)
at random 随机地,任意地 
at risk处境危险，遭受危险
at rush hour 在高峰期间
at the age of 在……岁时
at the beginning of 在……之初
at the bottom of在……底部或末端 
at the cost of以……为代价
at the edge of 在……边缘
at the end of在……末,在……尽头;在……结束时
at the expense of 以……为代价 
at the foot of 在……脚下 
at(the)least至少
at the mercy of 任由……摆布;受……支配 
at the moment 此刻;那时
at the rate of 按……速度;按……比率 
at the risk of冒着……风险
at the sacrifice of 以牺牲……为代价
at the same time 同时;然而
at the sight of 一看见……(就……)
at the start of 在……开始的时候
at the thought of 一想到……;一想起……
at the top of 在……顶端
at times 有时,偶尔 
at war 在交战，在打仗
at will 随意地;任意地
at work 在工作;在运转
attach great importance to认为……很重要;高度重视……
attach sth. to sth.把某物附在某物上
attempt to do sth.试图做某事,努力做某事
B
base….on/upon….把……建立在……的基础上 be about to do sth.正要做某事;即将做某事
be absorbed in 全神贯注于,专注于
be abundant in..……丰富,富于…....
be committed to 致力于;委身于;以……为已任 
he accompanied by 在……的陪同下
be accesible to易到达…;易接近…………,易进入……
be concerned about 关心，担心
be concened with 与…--有关系/有牵连;对………
be accused of被指控……,被告有 关心 
be addicted to……上于..
be adequate to do sth.足以做某事 
be connected wihh 与……-有关系 
be content with 满足于…
be crazy about 对……狂热/着迷 
be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事 
be crowded with 挤满了 
be amazed at 对……感到惊讶/大为惊奇 
be curious about 对……感到好奇 
be anxious about/for 为……担心
be applied to 应用于,适用于 
be determined to do sth.下定决心做某事 

be appropriate to 对……很适合
 be devoted to 专心于/致力于……的;献身于……的;
be ashamed of 对……感到惭愧/羞耻 对……深爱 
be associated with sb./sth.与某人/某事有关 
be astonished at 对……感到非常惊讶 
be distant from 离……遥远 
be available 可供使用的;有空的
be dying for极想/渴望…
be/become aware of 知道，意识到
 be dying to do sth.极想做某事，渴里做某事 
be/get back on one's feet 经受打击后重新振作;东山再起 
be enthusiastic about 热衷于;对……充满热情
be bad for 对……有害 
be equal to sth.胜任某事 
be badly in need of急需·……
be expected to do sth.有望做某事;被期待做某事 
be beneficial to对…-有利/有益 
be faced with 面临，面对 
be blamed for 因……被责备
be blessed with有幸拥有………,被赋予……;享有……的
 be familiar to 为……所熟悉 
be familiar with 对……熟悉 
be famous for/to/as以……面著名/对于……来说很 
be bound to do 一定或注定做…… 出名/作为…面出名 
be buried in 沉思，专心于(工作等)
be filled with 充满……(=be full of)
be fond of 喜欢;喜爱
be forced to do sth.被迫做某事
be busy doing忙于做…
be foreign to…对………是陌生的;与……无关的
be capable of 能够
be good at 擅长(=do well in)
be careful not to do 小心不要做……
be good for 有益于;对……有好处
be caught in突然遇上(风、雨等)
be cautious about谨慎对待;当心
be greedy for 对……贪婪的/贪心的 
be classified as被归类为
be clear about 对……明白;对……明确 对……感到内疚 
be hard on sb.对某人严厉
be/get close to 接近，靠近
be home to 是……的所在地/发源地 
be of the same age 同龄 
be honoured for 因………而受到尊敬 
be/feel honoured to do sth.做某事感到荣幸
be on/off duty上班/不上班
be on good terms(with)(与…)关系很好
be on vacation 在度假
be hungry for 渴望……
be opposed to 反对，反抗(to 是介词) bc
be hot at/on 对……-很拿手.精通………
be optimistic about 对……持乐观态度 
be impressed by'with 对……印象深刻,留下深刻印象
be particular about 对……挑剔 

be in fashion 时兴,流行
be passionate about 热爱……,酷爱……
be in fear(of)(为-)提心吊胆
be piled with 堆满…
be pleased to do 乐于做………
be in good condition 情况良好
be popular with/among 受……的欢迎
be/get prepared to do sth.准备做某事
be proud of 为……感到骄傲/自豪
be in prison 在献中,被监禁
be in want of 需要……
be puzzled about/with 对……感到困感 
be in/have the habit of 有……的习惯
be get ready for 为……-做准备
be independent of不依赖…;不受……支配;独立
be/get ready to do sth.准备做某事
be intended to do sth.打算做某事 
be/become interested in 对……感兴趣
be reduced to tears 伤心落泪 
be referred to as被称为…
be known for/as/to因…而著名/作为…--而出
be related to 与…-有关 
be lacking in 欠缺，没有
be relevant to 与…密切相关 
be likely to do sth.很可能做某事，有希望做某事
be limited to 局限于
be respectful of 尊重 
be loaded with 装满…
be responsible for 对…-…-负有责任;是……的原 
be located in/at位于，坐落于 
be restricted to限于,局限于 
be lost in 沉浸于…….专心于…..
be made up of 由……组成/构成
be satisfied with对……感到满意 

be marked on 标记在 
be scared/frightened to death 吓死 
be marked with 标记着
be meant to do sth.打算/有意要做某事
be scheduled to do sth.计划做某事，被安排傲某事 
be modelled after根据……模仿/仿造
be seated 就座，坐下 
be named after 根据…命名
be native to 源于……,原产于…
be senior to sb.比某人年长;比某人级别(地位等 
be knowledgeable about在……方面知识渊博的;
be sensitive to 对……敏感 
be sent to 被送到….…
be set in 以……为背景 
be nothing to 对……无足轻重 
be separated from与…-分离/分开 
be occupied with(doing)忙于(做)…
be of bad/poor quality质量差
be short for 是……-的缩写/简称 
be of benefit to对…-有益处 
be short of 短缺，缺乏 
be of great importance(to)(对……)很重要
be similar to 与……相似 
be of great/no significance有重大/无意义
be starved of 急需 
bring shame on 给……-带来耻导 
bring out 显示.使易现，出版
bring..to life 使……复活，烟子……生命 
bring.to light 使……显露出来
bring up 养育.抚养;呕吐
build one's confidence 建立某人的信心
bum down 烧毁，烧坏
build up 送步建立，逐渐积聚 
build up one's strength 增强体力 想做……
bum to the ground 烧成灰烬 
by accident 意外地,偶然地
by all means 无论如何:当然可以
burst into 突然……起来
by and by 不久，马上
by chance 偶然地,意外地
by any chance 或许，可能
by contrast 通过对比 持(做 )某事 
by design 故意地 
by hand 用手工，用体力by heart 凭记忆.记牢
by law据法律,在法律上
by letter 以书信形式 大白 
by luck 走运地;侥幸地 
by means of 用.依靠，凭借 
by mistake错误地;由于差错无意地
by nature 生性:出于天性 
by night 在夜间，趁黑夜
by no means一点儿也不 
by now 到现在，这时
by oneself 单独 
by request 依照请求 需要，适合 
by sea/air乘船/乘飞机by the end of 到……结束时;到……时为止
by the piece 按件计算 
by the time 到……的时候 
by the way 顺便说一下 
by the year 按年计
by tradition 按照传统风俗
by way of 通过……方式，经由
by weight 按重量
C
come about 发生，产生
can't wait to do sth.迫不及待地做某事
cheer up 使高兴,使振奋;振作起来，打起精神
check out 检验，得到证实;结账离开;
check in(在旅馆、机场等)登记;托运(行李
care about 关心.忧虑，惦念
call for 要求，需要，呼吁，提倡
call on/upon 拜访.访问(后接sh.);号召
call one's names 骂某人
calm(..)down(使……)平静下来 
can not choose but do 不得不做……,只好做
can't be bothered to do不想心去做…
can't help doing sth.禁不住做某事
catch fire 着火(表示动作)
catch one's eye/catch sight 引人注目
catch sight of 看见.瞥见
catch up with 赶上，追上
carry out 贯彻.执行，实行;实现，完成 
carry through 坚持到底，进行到底;履行(承诺)
change one's mind 改变主意 
compare...o.…. 把……与……相比，把……比作……
compared with 与……比起来
concentrate(.….)on.(把……)集中在……;
come from 来自，出生于
come into force 生效，实施 
come into being/existence 形成,产生 
come into effect(法律决议等)被实施，开始生效 
consist in 在于;存在干 
congratulate sh.on 为……祝贺某人 
consist of 由……组成 
come into use 投人使用,开始使用
contrary to 与……相反
come into view/sight 出现在视野中，映人眼帘
contribute to 有助于;捐献;带来，促成;投稿
contribute.to.….把……捐献拾……
convince sh. of.使某人相信某事 
come out 出来,出现;开花,发芽;出版,发表;
come over 顺便来访息、真相等)为人所知，结果是;(照片)冲洗 
cope with 对付，应付;处理
come round/around to 短暂访问:改变心态;改变
count on/upon 依靠,指望 
come to苏醒;总数是，总计;
 come to a sudden stop突然停下来
cut across抄近路穿过;走近路
cut away 切除;割掉;砍掉;剪去
come to an end终止，结束
cut down 砍例;削减;减少使用
come to life 苏醒过来，开始有生气
cut in 打断;插嘴
cut off 切断(水、电等).中:阻碍，阻挡
come to oneself苏醒，恢复常态
come to power 当权;上台 用、食用)
cut through 开辟(出路或通道)
come true 实现,成为现实
cut up 切碎，剁碎
come up 走近;发生;升起;上升;发芽;(问题)被提出
comment on 对……发表评论
come up with 想出(主意)，提出
D
dance to music 伴着音乐跳舞

date from/back to 起始于，追测到 
day after day 日复一日
day and night 夜以随日地
draw one's attention 引起某人的注意 
draw the anger of 引起……的债部
deal with 处理,对付;涉及;做生意 
decide on/upon 决定;选定 
dream about/of梦见，梦想 
dress up 乔装打扮 
decorate...with用…-装饰…
depend on 取决干;依赖;依靠
drop by 顺便拜访
deserve to do sth.值得做某事  
die away减弱、消失;渐熄;(风、声音等)渐弱，渐息;
due to 由于,因为 
die down逐渐变弱;逐渐平息;逐渐暗淡
die from/of因…面死;死于…
die off 相继死去;先后死去
die out 天绝;消失
differ from 和……不同 
do one's part尽自己的职责
do with 利用，处理
do sb.a favour 给某人以恩惠;帮某人忙
do well in 在…方面做得好
do wrong做错，做错事;做坏事
differ in 在……方面不同 eat away侵蚀,腐蚀，逐渐破坏 
differ with 和……不一致，不同意 
dig out 挖掘出;发现 
disagree on/about/over sth.在某事上意见不一致 
discourage sb. from doing sth.劝阻某人做某事，使某人打消做某事的念头 
dive into迅速把手伸人;投入.钻研
do/cause damage to 对……造成损害
do good to 有益于…
do harm to损害，对……有害
do justice to公平对待;使……的价值充分发挥
E
equip…with.装备.配备;备有……以……装备 
escape doing sth.逃过/逃避做某事
even if/though 即使，纵然 
ever since 从那以后
every now and then 有时;偶尔 
every time 每次，每当
except for 除……之外
exchange for…以……换取……
earn respect from赢得………的尊重 
exchange...with sb.和某人交换……
exist in 存在于……之中 
expose..to….使……露于…………·使……临…
end(up)with 以……结束;以……告终
end up doing 以……面告终;最终处于….
enjoy oneself过得快乐;玩得开心
F 
find fault with 挑期:批评:抱您 
find out 发现:查明，弄情情况;揭发
first of all 首先，第一 
fit in相适应，相融合 
fall asleep 人睡;睡着 
fail to do sth.未做成某事
focus on 集中，关注
fold up 折叠;对折;例用;放弃 
fall behind 落后,落在……后面 
fall ill 生病
fall in love with sh. 爱上某人 
for a moment 一会儿,片刻 
for a time 一度;暂时;有段时间 
for a while 一会儿 
far from 远离;远非，完全不
for ever 永远;永久 
for example/instance 例如
for fear of/that 生怕…… 以免…
far/long into the night 直到深夜
for free 免费
far too 极其;非常;远远
for fun 开玩笑地，非认真地
feed on 用……喂养;(动物)以……为食
for good 永远;水久
feed...to…把……喂给……
for joy 高兴地
feed...with...(=feed...into.)供给,供应;把…….塞入…..
feel at home 在家中般轻松自在;感觉自在.无拘束
for nothing 免费，徒劳
feel forced/pressured to do 感觉被迫做………
for one thing...for another一方面……另一方面…·
feel confident in 对……充满信心:对……感到有把握
for one's benefit 为了某人的利益
feel like doing sth.想做某事 
for pleasure为了消遣;为了取乐 
feel good 感到愉快(或有信心等)
feel one's way(如在黑暗中)摸索着走动;
for sale 出售待售 
for short 简称，缩略 
for sure/certain 肯定地
for the better 好转向好的方向发展
feel oneself 感觉很好;觉得身体正常
for the first time 第一次
not feel oneself 觉得身体不好:感觉身体不舒服
for the moment 暂时目前
for the purpose of为了……的目的:为了…
for the sake of 为了;为了……的利益
for the time being暂时，眼下
for want of 因缺乏……
force..out(of)挤走;迫使……离开;把……从…
forget doing sth.忘记曾经做过某事 
forget to do ath.忘记要去做某事 
forgive sb.for(doing)sth.原谅某人(做了)某事 
frankly speaking 老实说，但率地说
free from 无一…的,免……的;使摆脱;免于 
free of charge 免费 
from all over the world 来自世界各地 离开,出发，动身 
from beginning to end 从头到尾，从开始到结束
from now/then on 从今以后/从那时起 
from one's point of view从某人的观点/立场/见地
from the bottom of one's heart 真心诚意地，发自内心地
from time to time 间或;时常fulfill a dream 实现梦想
G 
get hold of 得到，抓住
get started开始
get paid for 因……-得到报酬 
get rid of除去.去掉;免除，摆脱 
get over越过;恢复，痊愈;克服;完成
get on with sb.与某人相处
get married to 与…--结婚
get/be involved with 卷人，参加，参与
get on 上车(船等);取得进展，进步 
generally speaking 一般来说 挥……最大功效 
get through通过;(设法)微完;接通电话:渡过(难 
get a taste of体验;感受;尝试 关)，熬过(困难时期等);用完，耗尽 
get across 被传达;被理解;把……讲清楚
get together 聚会，联欢 
get ahead走在(某人的)前面;领先;胜讨(某人)
get up 起床，起立 
get along with 与……相处;取得进展 
get upset 伤心:感到不安 
get around/about 传播;流传;各处走动 
get away(from)离开，脱身，摆脱;逃离，逃脱
get away with(做坏事而)未受惩罚，被放过;受到
give away露(自己的情况);泄露(秘密);赠送 
get back 取回，找回，重新获得;报复
get badly hurt 受到严重伤害
give birth to 出生，分娩;诞生，出现 
give in 屈服;让步;投降;交上;呈上 
give life to赋予…-生命力/活力 
give off 发出，放出(气味热、光等)
give out 发出(热、光等);分发，散发;公布，宣在 
get down to sth.开始做某事;开始认真注意(或对待) 用完
give sb.a ride让某人搭车 
give up 放弃，抛弃;停止，中止 
give way to 让路.让步;被…代替 
glance at/over 警见，瞥一眼，扫视 
glance through 相略地看
go across 穿过，越过 
go after追赶追逐，追，
go without 没有……也行 
get along with伴;进发展;
grow into 成长为 
go bad 变质
go by走过，经过(时间流;遵循(或依照)事:
go from bad to worse 每况愈下 喜欢,被……所吸引;努力争取
go in for 对……有兴趣.爱好;参加(考试/竞赛)
go mad 发疯
go missing 丢失;不见 
go/be on a diet 节食 have a word with sh.与某人交谈 
go on继续;上场;发生;(灯)亮;通(电)
go on a holiday 去度假
go on sale 上市销售 have/gain access to 有使用……的机会;有进入…
go on a journey 去旅行
go on with 继续
go out出去;送出;播出;发布;(火或灯光)熄灭
go over仔细检查;复习，温习
go shopping/hiking去购物/去徒步
go smoothly进展顺利
go through 浏览，翻阅，审查，详细研究;通过，完成;
go to college 上大学
H
head for 前往;出发
have nothing in common with 和……无共同点
have…in common 有相同的特点
have an effect on/upon 对……有影响 
have an impact on/upon 对……有影响;对……造成
have difficulty/trouble(in)doing sth.做某事有困难
have fun with/doing sth.乐于做某事
have affection for 喜爱，钟爱
have words with sh. 与某人吵架
have a good/great/wonderful time 过得愉快
have a deep love for 深爱…
happen to do/be 碰巧…….
hang up挂断电话:置，拖延 
hang on 别挂断(电话);抓紧.紧;保回，不放弃
hand over(to)移交，转交
hand out(to)分发;提出，给予(建议、惩罚等)
hand down 宣布;把……传下去
hand in(to)交上，交付，提交
have a gift foe 有……的天赋
have a population of..有…-人口 
have a temperature 发烧
head towards 向……方向进发;驶向 
hear about/of 听到,听说
hear from 收到……的信(或电话电子邮件等);得到……的消息
help with 在某方面帮忙
here and there 到处，各处
hit on/upon偶然发现;忽然想到
hit sb. on the head 打某人的头
hold back阻止;控制(感情等);隐瞒 
hold down 压制;压低
hold on 坚持;等一等，别挂断 
hold onto抓住不放，坚持
hold one's breath 屏住呼吸，屏气
hold up 举起,竖起;支持住;延误,使耽搁
I
if necessary如果有必要的话
if not 如果不
if only但愿，如果……就好了
impress sb.with sth.给某人留下……印象
impress sth.on/upon sb.使某人铭记某事;使某人明白某事的重要性
in a flash 转瞬,立刻
in a hurry 匆忙地,急切地 
in a mess 杂乱，乱成一团 
in a rush 赶紧;匆忙
in a second立刻,马上，一会儿
in a sense 在某种意义上 
in a short while 不久
in a...voice 用……声音(说),……声地
in a way在某种程度上
in a word总之，一句话
in action在运转，在活动中 
in addition另外，此外
in addition to除……之外(还有，也)
in advance预先，事先;提前
in agreement with 同意;与……一致 
in all/total总共，总计
in answer to 回答;作为对……的回答
in any case无论如何，不管怎样
in astonishment/surprise惊讶地，吃惊地 
in brief简单地说，简言之
in case 以防;万一;假使
in case of 万一;如果发生;假设
in cash 用现金，有现钱
in celebration of 为庆祝……
in chaos 混乱，处于混乱状态
in charge of 负责,掌管
in the charge of 由……管理
in company with sb.和某人一起
in/by comparison with与……相比较
in conclusion 总之
in conflict with 与……冲突;与……相抵触 
in connection with 与……有关
in consideration of作为对……的报酬 
in contact with接触;与……有联系 
in contrast与此相反;比较起来 
in control(of)掌管,控制 
in danger 处于危险之中 
in debt负债;欠情
in decline在下降;在减少;在衰落;在衰退
in defence of保护，防护;为……辩护 
in detail 详细地
in doubt 怀疑的,未确定的
in effect 事实上(=in fact);在实施中,有效
in exchange for交换;互换;作为……的交换
in fact 事实上
in favour of支持，赞同 
in general总之,通常;一般说来,大体上
join in 加人;参加
join up (with sb.)(与某人)联合，会合;参军,人伍 
judging from/by根据……判断,由……推测
jump to one's feet 一跃而起;跳起来
just now 刚才;此刻，眼下
just the opposite 正好相反，恰巧相反 
just the same 还是;完全一样;照旧
K
keep a promise遵守诺言
keep a record of 把……记录下来;保留……的记载保持……记录
keep a secret保守秘密
keep an eye on照看，留意，密切注视 
keep away(使)避开;(使)不靠近
keep in touch with 与……保持联系
keep it up 保持优秀成绩，继续做下去
keep one's balance保持平衡
keep one's eyes on 注视，盯着……看 
keep one's word守信用，履行诺言
keep out 使……不进入;不卷人
keep pace with 跟上，同……步调一致
keep up继续;维持，保持
kill time 消磨时间
kind of有