春季《英语教学法》期末考核.doc

期末作业考核
《英语教学法》

满分100分
I. Fill in the blanks.（每题1分，共29分）
1. First of all, a teacher should be __ proficient _(1) in the English language. The importance of being a good language user involves four points. First, a language teacher is a__ model _ (2) for students to imitate, to follow and to learn from either consciously or subconsciously. Second, a good command of English endows a teacher with__ confidence _ (3). From this emerges the third point. A teacher can attract students immediately with his or her good English. When admiration is established, students tend to believe in the teacher, _ cooperate _ (4) with the teacher, and behave well in class activities. The last point is that good English empowers the teacher to_ manage __ (5) class well, try new methods and adapt his or her teaching at any time.
2. a. Writing is the result of employing__ strategies _(6)to manage the composing __ process _(7), which is one of gradually developing a __ text _(8). It involves a number of activities: _ _setting_(9), generating _ ideas __(10)__ organizing _(11), selecting appropriate language, making a draft, reading and reviewing it, then revising and__ editing _（12）
　b. To organize and connect information, there are two criteria: __ accuracy (13) and __ appropriateness _(14). To be correct in __ vocabulary (15) and __ grammar _(16) is of utmost importance. Of all these activities, _ thinking __(17) plays a central role in improving writing.
　c. writing is a process of _ learning __(18) and _ acquisition __(19).
d. According to Hedge, there are different genres into different types of writing, personal writing (20) __ public writing (21) _ creative writing __ (22) __ social writing _ (23)__s study writing_ (24) __ institutional writing _ (25).
e. __ Idea _(26) is the core of writing. Reading for ideas is a gradual job. Large amount of reading helps__ generate ideas _(27). Thinking not only _ produces __(28) ideas but also__ connects _ (29 )and organizes ideas.
II. Explain the following terms。（每题5分，共35分）
1. Teacher as a language analyst
2. Error analysis
3. Grammar: form and function
4. Syllable, Open syllable and Closed syllable
5.Writing genre
6.Curriculum and syllabus
7. Kinds of tests and testing
1. Being an effective language analyst means not only the teacher possesses the knowledge about the language but also help students study the nature of the language with learning effects. Being an effective language analyst also means being able to conceptualize language phenomena as English is rich, complex and diverse (Wright 1991). No grammar books or dictionaries can include all language phenomena. So the teacher is required to theorize the language experience.
2. Making errors is a conspicuous part of language learning. As a person starts learning the language, he/she starts making mistakes. Researchers have tried to describe and explain what mistakes learners tend to make and why they make mistakes.
3. Grammar form is the language material that is structural and then grammar function is function of the language. For beginners, studying structural English is more efficient because they can have a control over the language. For advanced learners, functional English is what they need because it is interesting, challenging and encouraging the use of English.
4. (1) Syllables
A syllable is a part of word that contains one vowel sound. It may also contain one or more consonants sounds. Usually the number of vowel sounds in the word determines the numbers of syllable. There are exceptions such as “-ble”, “-ple”, or “- tle” can form a syllable.
(2) Open syllables:
with one vowel letter at the end of the stressed syllable (not the end of the word), which is not followed or closed by any other letter
with one vowel letter that is followed by a mute “e” at the end of the stressed syllable
with one vowel letter followed by a single consonant letter (other than “r”) and then a mute “e” at the end of the stressed syllable
(3) Closed syllables:
with one vowel letter followed or closed by one or more than consonant letter (other than “r”) in a stressed syllable

5. People write for different purposes or functions. With the development of written expression for social functions and communications, different genres came into being with required conventions in discourse.
6. A curriculum contains a broad description of general goals by indicating an overall educational-cultural philosophy which applies across subjects together with a theoretical orientation to language and language learning with respect to the subject matter at hand. A curriculum is often reflective of national and political trends as well.
A syllabus is a more detailed and operational statements of teaching and learning elements which translates the philosophy of the curriculum into a series of planned steps leading towards more narrowly defined objectives at each level.
7. (1) Tests: Proficiency tests,
Achievement tests
Diagnostic tests
Placement tests
(2) Testing: Direct versus indirect testing
Discrete point versus integrative testing
Norm-referenced versus criterion-referenced testing
Objective testing versus subjective testing

III. Open questions.（每题9分 共36分）
1. Choose some vocabulary items from the textbook you are teaching or going to teach and design three activities for presentation and three for practice.

2. What are the characteristics of good grammar presentation?
(1) Being clear
A good presentation should be clear. Students should have no difficulty in understanding the situation or what the new language means.
(2) Being efficient
A good presentation should be efficient. The aim is to get to the personalization stage as soon as students can manipulate the new language. The more efficiently we can do this the better.

8、铁生锈的原因是什么？人们怎样防止铁生锈？(3) Being lively and interesting
A good presentation should be lively and interesting. We want students to get interested and be involved during a presentation stage. With the help of a good situation and lively teaching it can be one of the most memorable parts of a language course. And if it is, there is a good chance that students will remember the new grammar more easily.
(4) Being appropriate
A good presentation should be appropriate. However interesting, funny, or demonstrative a situation is, it should be appropriate for the language that is being presented. In other words it should be a good vehicle for the presentation of meaning and use.

15、在显微镜下，我们看到了叶细胞中的叶绿体，还看到了叶表皮上的气孔。(5) Being productive

3、月球是距离地球最近的星球直径大约是地球的1/4，质量大约是地球的1/80，月球体积大约是地球的1/49，月球引力大约是地球的1/6。Lastly, a good presentation should be productive. In other words the situation the teacher introduces should allow students to make many sentences and/or questions with the new language.

4、举例说明微生物对人类有益的方面是什么？
3. What are the four approaches to promoting reflection?
(1) Writing to discover
(2) Reading to improve
(3) Speaking to conceptualize
(4) Actioning to learn and develop

11、火药是我国的四大发明之一，我国古代的黑火药是硝石、硫黄、木炭以及一些辅料等粉末状物质的均匀混合物。迄今为止，可以考证的最早的火药配方是“伏火矾法”。

3、月球是距离地球最近的星球直径大约是地球的1/4，质量大约是地球的1/80，月球体积大约是地球的1/49，月球引力大约是地球的1/6。4. What are the methods and techniques used in action research?

15、经过有效处理的废水，可以排放到湖泊、河流和海洋中，也可以渗入地下。journals/diaries

18、大多数生物都是由多细胞组成的，但也有一些生物，它们只有一个细胞，称为单细胞生物。如草履虫、变形虫、细菌等。training logs document collection observation
field notes recording transcription

第三单元 宇 宙surveys/ questionnaires interviews/ discussions

2、昆虫种类繁多，分布很广，它们有着和其他动物不同的身体构造和本领。stimulated recall