新目标人教版英语八年级下册unit10知识点归纳及练习.doc

根据调查资料分析：大学生的消费购买能力还是有限的，为此DIY手工艺品的消费不能高，这才有广阔的市场。 Unit 10 I ’ve had this bike for three years.
1. I’ve had it for three years. 我拥有它三年了。
【解析】for +一段时间 表示动作持续一段时间, 用于现在完成时
【2012甘肃鸡西市1】 She_____ her hometown for many years. No one nearly knows her.
A. has been away from B. has left C. had left
【2012湖北十堰2】Ben is a foreign teacher. So far, he __ in Shiyan for five years.
A. was teaching B. has taught C. will teach D. Taught

2. Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories. 艾米想保留她的那些旧东西，因为它们能使她想起甜蜜的回忆。
【解析1】keep （kept ; kept）保留
keep 用法归纳如下：
一、用作系动词，意为“保持（某种状态）”，其后常接形容词作表语。
Please keep quiet / silent! 请保持安静！
二、用作实义动词，
⑴. 保管；保存；保留 Please keep these things for me while I am away.
⑵. 赡养；饲养 I used to keep sheep in my childhood.
⑶ 坚持；继续 接V-ing 形式作宾语。
If you keep practicing your spoken English you'll soon make great progress.
⑷ 阻止；阻碍 keep sb/sth from doing sth 其中介词 from 不能省略。
The heavy rain didn't keep them from watching the football match.
⑸ 保持。 其后常接复合宾语，表示使（某人或某物）保持某种状态或使某一动作继续。
① keep + sb/sth + 介词。 If your hands are cold, keep them in your pockets.
② keep + sb/sth + 形容词。 These gloves will keep your hands warm.
③ keep + sb/sth + V-ing ，“让某人 / 某物一直……”，强调动作的持续性。
I'm sorry I've kept you waiting. 很抱歉，让你久等了。
【短语】
keep in touch (with) 保持与...的联系 keep a record 保持记录 keep in mind 牢记 keep one's word 遵守诺言 keep away (from) 离开 keep out (of) 把...关在外面 keep one's / an eye on密切注视 keep up 保持；使……不能入睡
【2013山东济南3】 —Could I __________ your iPad, Alice?
—Of course. Here you are.
A. lend B. keep C. borrow D. return
【2013贵州安顺2】“Did you borrow the comic book from the library?”
“ Yes. I ____ it for three days. I’ll return it this afternoon.
A. borrowed B. kept C. have borrowed D. have kept
【解析2】 bring back (v+adv) 使回想起；使回忆起
( ) Our excellent service ______ our guests _____ year after year.
A. bring; down B. bring; back C. bring; in D. bring up
3. You can also give old things away to people in need. 你也能捐赠旧东西给那些需要的人们。
【解析】 in need 需要；需求
【拓展】in danger 在危险中 in trouble在困境中
in silence 在沉默中 in good health 在好的健康状态中
A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情

4. Because I don’t read it anymore . 因为我不用再读了。
【解析】no more / not … anymore/ no longer / not... any longer不再
词语
同义词
用法
no longer
not… any longer
强调时间或动作“不再延续” , 与延续性动词连用
no more
not … any more
强调数量和程度“不再增加” , 与非延续性动词连用
位置区别： 当修饰动词时，no longer通常置于be或行为动词前；no more一般置于行为动词后。not... any longer与not... any more常置于句末。
He can no longer walk. = He can’t walk any longer
The little girl no more cried. = The little girl didn’t cry any more.
Eg: ( ) It is late. We can not wait him _____.
A. any more B. no more C. More

5. Because I’ve had it since I was a baby. 因为自从我很小的时候我就有它了。
【解析】since 自从
【辨析】since 与for 在现在完成时态中的用法：
since
其后接时间点或时态为一般过去时的句子，表示某事是从什么时候开始的
I’ve been a soldier since two years ago
for
其后接时间段，表示某事持续了多长时间
I’ve been a soldier for two years.

【2011天津】My grandmother ___ a lot of changes in Tianjin since she came here.
A．sees B. can see C. will see D. has seen
【2011贵州毕节】I ______ many new friends since I came here．
A．make B．made C．will make D．have made
【2013上海】—_______ have you been in the sports club? —Since the first month I came to the school.
A. How old B. How long C. How much D. How soon

6. I have something for the kids, 我有一些孩子们的东西。
【解析】for 给；为了
介词for用法归纳
用法1：(表目的)为了 They went out for a walk. 他们出去散步了。
用法2：(表利益)为，为了 What can I do for you? 你想要我什么？
【2013上海4】The chemicals in the vegetables and fruit are bad ____ our health.
A. from B. with C .of D. for
【2013牡丹江2】—What did you get _____ your mother ____ Mother’s Day?
—A beautiful card and a scarf.
A. for; in B. for; on C. to; for
【2013江苏盐城4】It is reported that a lot of adults take lessons online ___ further education.
A. after B. to C. with D. For

7. I’ve had this magazine for a couple of months.我拥有这本杂志已经几个月了。
【解析】a couple of 几个；一些 = a few 后接可数名词复数
a couple of “一对” ,优指夫妻、情侣
I’ll be back in _______________days. (几天)

8. The stories inside may be a bit old, but they’ll still interesting. 里面的故事或许有点老，但它们仍然很有趣。
【解析】a bit 稍微；有点儿
a bit /a little辨析：
⑴ a bit和a little在肯定句中, 修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级,"一点儿"。
The speaker spoke up a bit/a little so as to make himself heard more clearly. 演讲者把嗓门提高了一点儿,以便使别人听得更清楚。
⑵ a little可以直接作定语修饰名词,
a bit修饰名词，需后面加of构成短语 ,两者都只能修饰不可数名词
There is a little/a bit of food left for lunch. 午饭只能吃剩下的一点食品了。

9. And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids.
【解析】check out 查看；观察 check v检查
【2013浙江宁波】 Please _______(检查)your test paper before you hand it in.
【2013安徽3】I will meet Jane at the station, Please___ what time she will arrive.
A. count B. choose C. check D. catch
【2013天津】— Julie said she sent you a birthday card yesterday. Have you got it?
—Oh, really! I haven’t ____ my mailbox yet.
A. examined B. reviewed C. tested D. Checked

10. My children are growing up fast .我的孩子们成长的很快。
【解析】grow up 成长 （常用于指人或动物）
( ) When I grow up , I want to be a teacher.
A. give up B. put up C. get older D. get younger

11. So we’ve been clearing out a lot of things from our bedroom for a yard sale.
所以，我们正从卧室里清理出许多东西来办一场庭院拍卖会。
【解析】clear out 清理；把……清空
clean up 清理；使整洁 Please clear out the cupboard.

12. We’ve decided to each sell five things we no longer use. 我们已经决定每人卖出去五件我们不用的东西。
【解析1】 decide v 决定→-decision n 决定
(1)decide to do sth= make up one’s mind to do sth 决定做某事
(2)make a decision 做决定
My mother has decided _______________(take) me to acting lessons.
【四川南充】The classroom was so dirty . I decided ____.
A. clean it up B. to clean it up C. clean up it
【2013河北中考2】The children decide ____ their school yard this Friday afternoon.
A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned
【解析2】no longer = not ... any long 不再
【在句中位置】no longer 位于助动词、情态动词或实意动词之后；
not ... any longer not 常与助动词或情态动词连用，any longer 位于句末。
I no longer live in this city. = I don’t live in this city any longer.

13. For example , he’s owned a train and railway set since his fourth birthday, and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven.
例如，从他四岁生日以来，就已经拥有了这列火车和铁轨的组合，大约七岁之前他几乎每周都要玩这个玩具。
【解析】own 拥有
own v 拥有→owner n 物主
on one’s own 单独地，独自地 of one’s own 某人自己的
the owner of …的所有者
①Who is the ____________(own) of the bike?
②I want to see it with _______(I) own eyes.

14. And he didn’t want to lose the toy monkey he’s had since then, 并且他也不想失去自从他出生就拥有的那个玩具猴。
【解析】lose (lost , lost) 失去
I hope we won’t lose the competition.

15.My daughter was more understanding , although she felt sad to part with certain toys.我女儿比较通情达理，尽管要失去某些玩具也让她感到难过。
【解析1】part with 与……分开；失去（尤指舍不得的东西）
They were sorry to part with the old house.
( ) She felt sad to part with her lovely dog. A. find B. lost C. lose D. found
【解析2】certain
⑴ 某种； 某事；某人 （在句中只能做定语，常与不定代词a连用，可修饰单、复数名词）
A certain person called on me yesterday.
⑵ adj. 确实的，无疑的
be certain of 对某事有把握 They are certain of success.
be certain to do sth 肯定做某事 He is certain to come.
be certain +that确信 I’m certain that he’ll come.
( ) He is certain _____ to ninety.
A. live B. of live C. to live D. to living.

16. As for me, I didn’t want to give up my football shirts , but , to be honest , I haven’t played for a while now. 对于我来说，我不想放弃我的足球衫，但说实话，现在我有段时间没踢足球了。
【解析1】as for 至于；关于 （后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语）
As for computer, I’m not telling you anything.

【解析2】 to be honest = to tell (you) the truth老实说；说实话
【拓展】honest adj. 诚实的（反）dishonest adj. 不诚实的
an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩
【注】honest 以元音音素开头，所以前面的定冠词要用an.
①He is a _________(honest) boy. We all don’t like him.
②She is an __________(honest) girl. We all like her.
③ Tom likes to tell lies, he is________(honest)
( ) We should be honest to everyone . We shouldn’t tell lies.
A. dishonest B. true C. truth D. truthful
【解析3】for a while 一会儿
She　likes to　lie　down　for　a　while　after　lunch.

17. What will they do with the money they raise from the sale?
他们要用卖东西筹集来的钱做什么？
【解析】do with 处理；对付（某人或某物）
deal with 处理 与how 连用
do with 处理 与what 连用
do with
“处理；安置”，强调处理的对象，常与what连用
I don’t know what to do with these letters.
deal with
“处理；应付”强调处理的方式、方法，常与how连用
He taught me how to deal with pressure.
【2011玉溪】We can’t decide what will happen in our life, but we can decide how we will _____it. A. agree with B. begin with C. deal with D. come up with
( ) — ____ do you ____ your broken watch? — I am going to take it to the watchmaker’s .
A. How; do with B. What; deal with C. How; deal with D. What;did with

重点短语
1. these days 目前;现在
2. regard with great interest 以极大的兴趣关注着
3. in order to 为了
4. so far 迄今;到现在为止
5. in need 需要
6. not.. anymore 不再……
7. welcome to sp_ 欢迎来到 … :
8. check out 察看;观察
9. board games 棋类游戏
10. one last thing 最后一样东西
11. junior high school 初 级 中 学
12. clear out 清理
13. no longer 不再;不复
14. toy monkey 玩具猴
15. part with 与……分开
16. to be honest 说实在的
17. ride a bike 骑自行车
18. have a yard sale 进行庭院拍卖会
19. one’s old things 某人的旧东西
20. bring back sweet memories 勾起甜美的回忆
21. give away 捐赠
22. play for a while 玩一会儿
23. do with... 处置;处理
24. search for work 找工作
25. for the last 13 years 在过去的13年里
26. the mid-20th century 20世纪中期
27. stay the same 保持原状
28. according to 依据; 按照
29. in one’s opinion 依......想法看
30. in my time 在我那个年代

Excises
一、 翻译下列短语
1.庭院出售 2.棋类游戏
3.观察 4.不再
5.说实在的 6.使想起
7.失去 8.清理
9.根据 10.甜美的记忆
11.至少一年一次 12.家乡情
13.寻找 14.在学校对面
15. 放弃 16.…的标志
17.骑自行车 18. 儿童之家
二、词汇。
A）根据所给中文完成下列句子。
1. We all r him as an honest friend.
2. The building is some c （世纪）old.
3. To my ,I never help him.
4.Look！She’s standing a _________the ten children.
5.Baby has a s skin.
7.They will h a meeting to discuss this problem tomorrow.
8.Can you c （数数） numbers?
9.Yesterday I bought a s （围巾）for my mother
10. Tom is a t (诚实的)boy.
B)用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. He _____________ never ____________ (go) to the science museum.
2. ____________ you ever ____________ (drink) coke?
3.There are many toy ____________ (bear)in my home.
4.His brother never gave up ____________ (try)to help.
5.I can’t _____ (raise)a family on what I earn.
6.My mom’s had a bread _______ (make)for a long time.
7. Last term I __________ (learn) many English words.
8. They ____________ (not read) the interesting books yet.
9.The museum _________ (be)here for over 20 years.
10.It _________ (be)one of the oldest buildings in this small town.
三、单项选择。
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，将答案填入题前的括号内。
1. Li Hong has ________ the army for 2 years.   
A. joined B. be in C. been in D. joined in
2. We have been friends since ______.   
A. children B. five years C. five years ago D. five years before
3. My best friend Neil is_________ honest boy. You can believe him.
A. a B an C the D /
4. Those foreign friends left Guangzhou _______.
A. since last week B. a week ago C. for a week D. since a week ago
5. I _____ at this school for two years.
A. am studying B. study C. studied D. have studied
6. They _________ in the city since last summer.
A. live B. didn’t live C. have lived D. live
7. Mrs. Wang has lived in Haikou _________ 1992.
A. since B. from C. after D. in
8. His father _______ for years.
A. has died B. has been dead C. died D. dies
9. He has a computer of his own. He ____ it two days ago
A. has had B. buys C. bought D. has bought
10. —Where is Li Lei? —He ___ Shanghai.
A. has gone to B. has been to C. went to D. goes to
11.The librarian  ______  books  ______  students
A. borrows; from      B. lends; to      C. returns; to      D. gives back; to
12. I ______ this book for a week .I have to return it now.  
A. borrowed B. have borrowed C. kept D. have kept
13. He ____ a cold for three days.   
A. has caught B. has had C. has got D. caught
14.Mr.John considered _______ to see his old friends.
A. go B. went C. going D. gone
15. _____ my opinion, it’s best to make some cards for our teachers.
A. In B. On C. Of D. At
四、完形填空。
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，将答案填入题前的括号内。
There are many words in the English language. You will never 　1　 the meaning of every word in English. When you read，you will often find many 　2　 you do not know. You will not have enough time to 　3　 reading and try to find every new word in a dictionary.
　　Sometimes you can 　4　 a new word because you know some of the parts of the new word. For example，if a word ends 　5　 the letters “er”，that word 　6　 be the name of a 　7　 or a thing that does a certain action（某个动作）. A writer is a person who writes. 　8　 it is not
　9　 to know the parts of a new word to understand it，　10　 it will help you many times.
　1.A．know　　　　　B．learn　　　　　 C．find　　　 D. look up
　2.A．books　　　　　B．letters　　　　 C．stories　　　D. words
　3.A．stop　　　　　 B．enjoy　　　　 　C．keep　　　 D. start
　4.A．find　　　　　 B．get　　　　　 　C．study　　　 D. guess
　5.A．in　　　　　 　B．off　　　　　 　C. up　　　　　D. with
　6.A．can　　　　　　B．might　　 　　 C. should　　　　D. must
　7.A．friend　　　　 B. boy　　　　　 　C. person　　　　D. girl
　8.A. Then　　　 B. Now　　　　　 C.Yet　　　　　 D. Sometimes
　9.A．helpful　　　　 B. useful　　　 　 C. enough　　　 D. good
10.A．but　　　　　 B．and　　　　　 C. so　　　　　　D. for
五、阅读理解
阅读下列材料，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案，填入题前的括号中。
Can dreams come true? John Godley bet money that his dreams could come true. Over the course of his life, Mr. Godley dreamed of horse races several times. He did not know much about horses or winning races. He remembered these dreams after he woke up, and he put what he knew to good use.
The first time Mr. Godley dreamed of horses was on the night of Friday, March 8, 1946. He dreamed that he was reading the names of the horses that won Saturday’s races. The next morning he found the names of the horses from his dream in the newspaper. The horses were racing that day. He bet on the horses and won.
These horse racing dreams came to Mr. Godley off and on for the next 12 years of his life. Between 1946 and 1958, Mr. Godley had eight dreams about horses winning ra