江苏省苏州市2021年中考英语试题（解析版）.doc

2021年苏州市初中毕业暨升学考试试卷英语注意事项：1. 本试卷共八大题, 满分100 分（不含听力口语30 分）, 考试用时 100 分钟;2. 答题前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考点名称、考场号、座位号用0, 5毫来黑色墨水签宇笔填写在答题卡相对应的位置上, 并认真核对条形码上的准考号、姓名是否与本人相符合;3. 答选择题必须用 2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑, 如需改动, 请用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案;答非选择题必须用0. 5毫来黑色墨水签宇笔写在答题卡指定的住置上, 不在答题区域内的答案一律无效, 不得用其他笔答题; 4. 考生答题必须答在答题卡上, 答在试卷和草稿纸上一律无效。第一部分 单项填空（共10 小题;每小题1分, 满分 10 分）请认真阅读下面各题, 从题中所给的 A, B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1. Football fans are often called the “12th man” because of their influence _ a teamA. toB. fromC. onD. at【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：足球迷通常被称为“第12人”，因为他们对一个球队的影响。考查介词。to朝；from从；on在上；at在点时；结合空格后的“a team”可知，此处是influence on“对的影响”，是固定短语，后接影响的对象，故选C。2. According to the new traffic rules, people _ wear a helmet when riding an e-bike.A. mightB. mayC. canD. must【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：根据新的交通规则，人们骑电动车时必须戴头盔。考查情态动词。might可能；may可能；can能够；must必须；根据“According to the new traffic rules”及语境可知，此处表达的是必须，指人们必须戴头盔，故选D。3. I know how busy you are and naturally I wouldnt take _ too much of your time.A. offB. upC. onD. down【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：我知道你很忙，自然我不会占用你太多时间。考查动词短语辨析。take off起飞，脱下；take up占据，开始从事；take on迎接；take down记下。根据“too much of your time”可知，是占用时间，故选B。4. Peter has _ memory and often forgets the names of people around him.A. longB. goodC. richD. poor【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：彼得记忆力差，经常忘记周围人的名字。考查形容词辨析。long长的；good好的；rich富有的；poor贫乏的；根据“often forgets the names of people around him”可知，他的记忆力不好，故选D。5. The gravity on Mars is only about there eighths of _ on the Earth.A. thatB. thoseC. oneD. ones【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：火星的引力只有地球的八分之一。考查代词辨析。that特指的名词与前面的名词只是同一类，但并非同一个，即同名异物，相当于the+名词；those是that的复数形式，只能代替可数名词复数；one泛指与前面的名词同类的另一事物，即同名异物，相当于a/an+名词；ones是one的复数形式。本句中“The gravity”是单数形式，且是“the+名词”结构，故代词应用that。故选A。6. The documentary A Plastic Ocean is so impressive that I _ it several times so far.A. watchedB. watchC. have watchedD. will watch【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：纪录片塑料海洋令人印象深刻，到目前为止我已经看过好几次了。考查现在完成时。根据“so far”可知，此处用现在完成时，结构为have/has+动词过去分词，主语为I，助动词用have。故选C。7. During our holidays we should avoid _ up at night and oversleeping in the morning.A. stayB. to stayC. stayedD. staying【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：在我们的假期，我们应该避免熬夜和早上睡过头。考查动名词作宾语。avoid doing sth避免做某事，使用动名词作宾语，故选D。8. Now teenagers _ to do voluntary work for their local commodities.A. are encouragedB. were encouragedC. have encouragedD. are encouraging【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：现在鼓励青少年为当地的商品做义工。考查被动语态。句子主语teenagers与动词之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，排除C/D选项；陈述事实用一般现在时的被动，结构是“am/is/are+done”，故选A。9. Amy, I wonder _ in the street when I come to pick you up. Well, theres a big tree by the front gate and its covered in lovely white flowers at the moment.A. how will I find your houseB. how I will find your houseC. when I will find your houseD. when will I find your house【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：艾米，我不知道我来接你的时候怎么在街上找到你的房子。嗯，前门有棵大树，现在开满了可爱的白花。考查宾语从句。根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则，排除A和D选项；根据回答“theres a big tree by the front gate and its covered in lovely white flowers at the moment.”可知，这里应该是问如何找到，应用how引导宾语从句，故选B。10. Hi, Jack! Im just going to the practice for the concert. Are you coming to play your violin?_, Carl. I have to finish my report today.A. Youd better notB. It doesnt matterC. Im afraid notD. Dont worry【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：嗨，杰克！我正好去参加音乐会的排练。你要来拉小提琴吗？恐怕不行，卡尔。我今天必须完成我的报告。考查情景交际。Youd better not你最好不要；It doesnt matter不要紧；Im afraid not恐怕不行；Dont worry别担心。根据“I have to finish my report today.”可知，此处表示拒绝，故选C。第二部分 完形填空（共 10 小题;每小题1分, 满分 10分）请认真阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。When she was very young Severn Cullis-Suzuki learned that the United Nations Assembly（大会）was going to meet in Brazil, Severn _11_ that she wanted not only to go there but also to say something. She started to raise money for the _12_ and when she was 12, she had enough for the 11, 000-kilometre journey. Severn was sure that she had _13_ to say, and when she made her five-minute speech _14_ the UN Assembly, she tried very hard to make a difference. She talked about _15_ problems like pollution and the hunting of animals. She also talked about the _16_ of children in many parts of the world, especially poor children who dont have enough to eat. She compared them with children in richer countries who have more than they need and throw things _17_. Severns questions were a challenge to the worlds leadersquestions about why the grown-ups who _18_ the world dont take more care of it and of the people who live in it.Many people who heard her speech were crying at the end, and everyone _19_ with thunderous applause（掌声）when she finished. Severn showed that young people can make a difference _20_ theyre brave enough to believe in themselves. Who knows? Perhaps you could be another Severn.11. A. refusedB. decidedC. regrettedD. doubted12. A. gameB. courseC. partyD. trip13. A. somethingB. anythingC. nothingD. everything14. A. fromB. withC. toD. by15. A. environmentalB. physicalC. educationalD. medical16. A. locationB. vacationC. situationD. communication17. A. onB. upC. overD. away18. A. runB. holdC. missD. stop19. A. broke upB. grew upC. stood upD. gave up20. A. unlessB. ifC. whetherD. though【答案】11. B 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. A 16. C 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. B【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了Severn在联合国大会上向领导者提出的一些尖锐且实际的问题，让这些领导者反思，为什么掌管世界的成年人不更加关心世界和生活在世界上的人们。Severn向年轻人展示的是只要足够勇敢，足够自信，就可以做出改变。【11题详解】句意：Severn决定她想要的不仅是去那里，而且想说些什么。refused拒绝；decided决定；regretted遗憾；doubted怀疑。根据“she wanted not only to go there but also to say something”可知，她不但决定要去，还要说些什么，故选B。【12题详解】句意：2岁时，她开始为这次旅行筹集资金。game游戏；course课程；party派对；trip旅行。根据“she had enough for the 11, 000-kilometre journey”可知，是为这次旅行筹钱，故选D。【13题详解】句意：Severn确信她有话要说。something某件事；anything任何事；nothing没什么事；everything一切。根据“but also to say something”可知，她想说点东西，故选A。【14题详解】句意：当她在联合国大会上做五分钟的演讲时，她很努力地想改变现状。from从；with伴随；to到；by通过。根据“speech the UN Assembly”可知，此处表示联合国大会上的演讲，用the speech to表示“的演讲”，故选C。【15题详解】句意：她谈到了环境问题，比如污染和猎杀动物。environmental环境的；physical物理的；educational有教育意义的；medical医学的。根据“like pollution”可知，此处指环境污染问题，故选A。【16题详解】句意：她还谈到了世界许多地区儿童的状况。location位置；vacation假期；situation情况；communication交流。根据“especially poor children who dont have enough to eat”可知，谈到了贫困地区儿童的情况，故选C。【17题详解】句意：她将这些孩子与富裕国家的孩子进行比较，后者拥有的东西比他们需要的多，然后扔掉。on在上；up向上；over超过；away离开。固定搭配：throw away“扔掉”，故选D。【18题详解】句意：Severn的问题是对世界领导人的挑战为什么掌管世界的成年人不更加关心世界和生活在世界上的人们。run管理；hold握着；miss错过；stop停止。根据“the grown-ups whothe world”可知，此处指管理世界的成年人，故选A。【19题详解】句意：当她讲完时，大家都站起来报以雷鸣般的掌声。broke up打碎；grew up生长；stood up站起来；gave up放弃。根据“with thunderous applause”可知，是激动地站起来鼓掌，故选C。【20题详解】句意：Severn向我们展示了年轻人可以做出改变，只要他们足够勇敢，相信自己。unless除非；if如果；whether是否；though尽管。“Severn showed that young people can make a difference”与“theyre brave enough to believe in themselves”是条件关系，如果足够勇敢，就可以做出改变，用if引导条件状语从句，故选B。第三部分 阅读理解（共 12 小题;每小题 2 分, 满分 24分）请认真阅读下面短文. 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选顶, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AOn the bottom of most plastic packaging（包装）, theres a small triangle （三角）with a letter or a number written inside. These little symbols are not easy to be noticed, but are really important. They tell you what kind of plastic it is and whether it can be recycled or not. Can it be recycled?Types of Plastic Pet This is the plastic that you often see on supermarket shelves! Its used to make plastic water bottles and biscuit boxes. HDPEHDPE is a stronger type of plastic. It is what milk bottles are made of. LDPE LDPE is a very soft plastic which is not easily broken. It is what shopping bags are made of.PS (POLYSTYRENE This plastic is often seen in our daily life. Youll probably have seen it as those cheap white cups you get hot drinks in, or as takeaway food packaging.21. Which is a stronger type of plastic?A. PETB. HDPEC. LDPED. PS22. Which of the following uses PET plastic?A. Milk bottles.B. Hot drink white cups.C. Drinking water bottles.D. Takeaway food packaging.23. What is the purpose of this article?A. To introduce types of plastic.B. To display reusable items.C. To explain recycling methods.D. To recommend shopping bags.【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A【解析】【分析】文章介绍了几种不同类型的塑料，包括它们常被用于制作什么以及是否可以回收利用等。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“HDPE is a stronger type of plastic.”可知，HDPE是一种强度更大的塑料，故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据“Pet This is the plastic that you often see on supermarket shelves! Its used to make plastic water bottles and biscuit boxes.”可知，Pet类的塑料被用来制作塑料水瓶和饼干盒。故选C。【23题详解】主旨大意题。根据“They tell you what kind of plastic it is and whether it can be recycled or not.”以及下文的介绍可知，文章主要是介绍几种塑料的类型，故选A。BChinese is mainly divided into 13 dialects（方言）and these dialects can be further divided into many kinds of local dialects. Putonghua (or Mandarin) the predominant dialect, is spoken by over 70% of the population and is one of the 6 official languages of the United Nations. Within these large dialect groups, there are small groups, many of which are difficult to understand. In Fujian, for example, people living 10 kilometres away from one another can be speaking different Min dialects. Putonghua. It is the mother dialect of Chinese living in northern China and Sichuan Province. It is called Guoyu in some parts of China, like Hong Kong, Macao（澳门）and Taiwan. It is known in English as Mandarin Chinese, or Standard Chinese. Wu. Spoken in Shanghai, most of Zhejiang and the southern parts of Jiangsu and Anhui. Wu is made up of hundreds of different of spoken forms. Hakka/Kejia. Hakka is widely spoken in Fujian, Taiwan, and some countries in Southeast Asia.Min. It is spoken in Fujian, Taiwan, and Southeast Asia. Min group is the most diverse（多样的）, with many different spoken forms used in neighbouring countries. Yue. It is spoken in Guangdong, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, all over Southeast Asia and by many Chinese living abroad.24. What does the underlined word “predominant” mean?A. More beautiful.B. More special.C. More interesting.D. More common.25. What do you know about Putonghua after reading this passage?A. It is used by a small group of people in China.B. It is spoken only by people in Mainland China.C. It is included in the official languages of the United Nations.D. It is the mother dialect of people living in southern China.26. Based on he passage, which of the following is true?A. Most people in Anhui speak Kejia.B. Wu is the local dialect of Shanghai.C. Yue has the most different spoken forms.D. Most people in Hong Kong speak Min.【答案】24. D 25. C 26. B【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了中国的不同方言。【24题详解】词义猜测题。根据“is spoken by over 70% of the population and is one of the 6 official languages of the United Nations”可知，70%以上的人口说普通话，普通话还是联合国六种官方语言之一，可以猜测“predominant”的意思是“更普遍的，更常见的”。故选D。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据“Putonghua (or Mandarin) the predominant dialect, is spoken by over 70% of the population and is one of the 6 official languages of the United Nations.”可知，普通话是联合国六种官方语言之一。故选C。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据“Wu. Spoken in Shanghai, most of Zhejiang and the southern parts of Jiangsu and Anhui.”可知，吴语是上海的方言，B选项表述正确。故选B。CResting my head on Helens shoulder, I put my arms round her waist（腰）. She drew me to her, and we rested in silence.We had not sat long before another person came in. Some heavy clouds, swept from the sky by a rising wind, had left he moon bright; and her light, coming in through a window near, shone full both on us and on the coming person, Miss Temple. “I came on purpose to find you. Jane Eyre,” said she. “I want you in my room, and as Helen Burs is with you, she may come too.”We followed Miss Temple to her apartment. It had a good fire, and looked cheerful. Miss Temple told Helen Burns to be seated in a low arm-chair on one side of the fire place, and herself asking another, she called me to her side. “Is it all over?” she asked. looking down at my face. “Have you cried your sadness away?”“I am afraid I never shall do that.”“Why?”“Because I have been wrongly accused（指责）, and you and everybody else, will now think me a bad girl.”“We shall think you what you prove yourself to be, my child. Continue to act as a good girl, and you will satisfy us.”“Shall I, Miss Temple?”“You will.” said Miss Temple, “You have been accused of lying when you were little. Tell us the truth, but add nothing and exaggerate（夸大）nothing.”I made up my mind that I would be most modest and most correct. Having thought for a few minutes about where to start, I told her all the story of my sad childhood.27. Which of the following words best describes Miss Temple in the passage?A. Dishonest.B. Impatient.C. Caring.D. Humorous.28. What does the underlined paragraph imply（暗示）?A. Miss Temple was going to punish Jane.B. Helen would rather leave Jane alone.C. Nothing could make Jane happy again.D. Janes luck might change for the better.29. According to the passage, which of the following is true about Jane?A. She chose to trust Miss Temple.B. She didnt mind being accused.C. She made up her childhood story.D. She once behaved as a bad girl.【答案】27. C 28. D 29. A【解析】【分析】文章讲述了Miss Temple与作者之间的一番谈论。Miss Temple告诉作者要证明自己不是个坏女孩，作者最后决定做一个最谦虚、最正确的人，告诉了Miss Temple她的悲惨童年的故事。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据“We followed Miss Temple to her apartment.Tell us the truth, but add nothing and exaggerate（夸大）nothing.” ”可知，Miss Temple是一个乐于助人，关心他人的人，故选C。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据文中划线部分可知，通过周围景色的描述以及Miss Temple的出现可以推断出，在Miss Temple的说服下，Jane可能会有些改变，Jane的运气可能从此会变好，故选D。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据“I made up my mind that I would be most modest and most correct. Having thought for a few minutes about where to start, I told her all the story of my sad childhood.”可知，作者最后决定做一个最谦虚、最正确的人，告诉了Miss Temple她的悲惨童年的故事，说明她最终选择相信Miss Temple，故选A。DEverybody has a brain, but not many people know how the brain works. Some people believe that the brain is like the hard disk of a computer. We use it to store filespictures, language (words, texts, sounds) and so on. Others compare the brain to a huge cupboard with lots of shelves and boxes in it. We put information into these boxes and hope to find it again later.The brain is not A computer disk, And it isnt a cupboard. Look at the picture here. It looks a bit like weeds（杂草）in a garden, doesnt it? The picture actually shows a childs neocortexa part of the brain that controls sight and hearing. You can guess what happensmore “weeds” grow as the child gets older. Scientists call these neuronal（神经元）networks. The networks grow around our neurons. -What makes them grow? Learning! “Learning is brain change,” says Professor James Zull from Case Western University in Cleveland, Ohio, USA. “Without learning, nothing changes in the brain. For every new word you learn in your English lesson, every problem you solve in maths, every new song you learn to sing, a neuronal network grows in