湖南省常德市2020年中考英语试题（解析版）.doc

2020年常德市初中学业水平考试英语试题卷考生注意：1. 请在试题卷首填写好准考证号及姓名。2. 请将答案填写在答题卡上，填写在试题卷上的无效。3. 本学科试题卷共8页，3部分，满分100分，考试时量90分钟。第卷第一部分 阅读技能阅读下面的材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题。AWhat are coronaviruses? Coronaviruses were discovered in the 1960s. They are a group of viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In humans, coronaviruses cause respiratory tract infections.The new coronavirus. At the end of 2019, a new type of coronavirus started spreading in China. This type of coronavirus is often called 2019-nCoV, novel coronavirus, or COVID-19. It is believed that the virus was transmitted from animals to humans. Some of the first cases were diagnosed in people who had visited a market selling live seafood and animals. Unfortunately, when viruses are transmitted from animals to people it can take scientists a lot of time before they can develop a vaccine or medicines to cure it.How does the virus spread? The virus appears to spread mainly from person to person. The transmission occurs when someone comes into contact with an infected person. For example, a cough, a sneeze or a handshake could cause transmission. The spread may also be caused by coming into contact with something an infected person has touched and then touching your mouth, nose or eyes.virus 病毒 mammal 哺乳动物 respiratory 呼吸的 infection 感染transmit 传染 case 病例 diagnose 诊断 cure 治愈 occur 发生contact 接触1. When were coronaviruses discovered?A. In the 1960s.B. In the 1970s.C. In the 1980s.2. Where did the new coronaviruses start spreading at the end of 2019?A. In China.B. In America.C. All over the world.3. Is it easy for the doctors to cure COVID-19?A. Yes, it is.B. No, it isnt.C. Not mentioned.4. How many ways are mentioned for the spread of the new coronaviruses?A. 1B. 2.C. 3.【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B 4. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲了三方面的内容：1.什么是冠状病毒？2.新型冠状病毒；3.病毒是如何传播的？【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“ Coronaviruses were discovered in the 1960s.”可知，冠状病毒是在20世纪60年代发现的。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“At the end of 2019, a new type of coronavirus started spreading in China.”可知，2019年底，新型冠状病毒开始在中国蔓延，故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Unfortunately, when viruses are transmitted from animals to people，it can take scientists a lot of time before they can develop a vaccine or medicines to cure it.”（不幸的是，当病毒从动物传播给人类时，科学家要花很长时间才能研制出治疗病毒的疫苗或药物。）可知，文中提到专家研制治疗病毒的疫苗或药物需要很长时间,故不容易治疗，选B。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，病毒人传人的方式有两种：1.与被感染者接触；2.接触了被感染者接触过的东西。故选B。BBelow is how four students answered their teachers question in class.LilyI like shopping and talking to people. I think I can learn how to do business. Maybe selling clothes is a good business for me.RyanMy hobbies are playing computer games and making friends online. We often share our funny stories by e-mail. I guess I will learn more about computers and make super-smart computer programs.BillMy parents have kept lots of pets since I was little. Weve experienced many things together, good and bad, happy and sad. Those stories have always stayed in my mind. One day, I will share them with people by drawing and writing books.AnnaThough my mom and two sisters are all doctors, Im sure I will stay as far away from a hospital as I can. I hate being sick, and Im afraid of seeing sick people looking weak and sad. Ill keep strong by playing my favorite sport, tennis, every day. One day Ill join the national team and be another Lina.5. What question did the teacher most likely ask in class?A. What do you like to talk about with your friends?B. Whats your plan for the coming vacation?C. What do you want to do in the future?6. What does the underlined word “them” mean?A. Pets.B. Stories.C. Books.7. How will Anna keep strong?A. She will play tennis every day.B. She will stay as far away from a hospital as possible.C. She will join the national team and become another Lina.8. What do we know from the reading?A. Lily is good at making clothes.B. One of Bills parents is an animal doctor.C. Ryan enjoys meeting people on the Internet.【答案】5. C 6. B 7. A 8. C【解析】【5题详解】推理判断题。根据四位同学的回答Maybe selling clothes is a good business for me；I guess I will learn more about computers and make super-smart computer programs；One day, I will share them with people by drawing and writing books；One day Ill join the national team and be another Lina，可知Lily将来卖衣服；Ryan想学到更多关于计算机的知识，并制作超级智能的计算机程序；Bill想通过画画和写书来和人们分享他的故事；Anna想有一天加入国家队，成为另一个Lina。由此可推断出老师在问他们将来想干什么，故选C。【6题详解】词句猜测题。them“它们”指代复数，根据上文Those stories have always stayed in my mind. 那些故事一直留在我的脑海里。可知them指代stories，Bill想通过画画和写书来和人们分享他的故事，故选B。【7题详解】细节理解题，根据上文Ill keep strong by playing my favorite sport, tennis, every day. 可知她将通过每天玩最喜欢的运动网球来保持强壮。故选A。【8题详解】细节理解题。A. Lily is good at making clothes.莉莉擅长做衣服。根据上文Maybe selling clothes is a good business for me.可知对她来说，卖衣服是件好买卖，而不是她擅长做衣服。所以此项说法错误；B. One of Bills parents is an animal doctor. 比尔的父母之一是动物医生。根据上文Bill的回答“My parents have kept lots of pets since I was little.”可知他的父母养过很多宠物，但不是动物医生，所以此项说法错误；C. Ryan enjoys meeting people on the Internet. 瑞安喜欢在网上见人们。根据上文Ryan 的回答“My hobbies are playing computer games and making friends online. We often share our funny stories by e-mail.”，可知他喜欢在网上交朋友，经常通过电子邮件分享有趣故事。所以此项说法正确，故选C。CThings You Can Do In One Second To Make Your Life HappierOne second. Thats all it takes to make your life happier. Then check out this list of things you can do in a single second. That will bring more happiness into your life every day.Give a great big smile.Look for an easy way to make your life happier. Smile more. Smiling can help you feel better instantly. And it can be contagious. So give a smile to a total stranger on the street. Or if youre sad, angry, or annoyed about something, choose to smile and laugh it off instead.Take a deep breath.Deep breathing is one of the best ways to reduce stress and bring balance back into your life. And it only takes a second. Take some time out each day to focus on nothing except your breath. Youll find your life becomes happier, healthier, and less stressful.Take a sip of water.Its no surprise that drinking water is good for your health. Try keeping a water bottle with you wherever you go, and take a second to drink water a couple times every hour. Drinking water can help keep you hydrated, control calories, filter your kidneys, and keep healthy skin.Give thanks.Happy people have this in common: They are grateful for all the good things in their lives. This means that to make your life happier, take a few minutes each day and count your blessings. Say “Thank you” more often. Show your appreciation when good things come your way. instantly 立刻 balance 平衡 focus 集中 hydrated 含水的calorie 热量 filter 过滤 kidney 肾脏 skin 皮肤 grateful 感激blessing 福分 appreciate 感激9. Which can best replace “ ” in the passage?A. Do you think so?B. Dont believe it?C. Am I right?10. What does the word “contagious” mean in Chinese?A. 充满希望的B. 滑稽的C. 有感染力的11. What can you do to keep healthy skin?A. Take deep breath.B. Drink some water.C. Give thanks.12. Which “second” in the following has the same meaning as in the passage?A. Downstairs, on the second floor, Michael served Mona breakfast.B. The gun was fired and Beaton was wounded a second time.C. Can you just lift the table for a second?【答案】9. B 10. C 11. B 12. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一秒钟内做的事情就能让生活更快乐的方法。【9题详解】题意：填入文中空格处的最佳选项是什么？推理判断题。根据上文One second. Thats all it takes to make your life happier可知，根据常识可知，一秒钟通常做不了什么事情，故此处说的一秒钟就能让生命更快乐，这一说法让人很难相信。B选项Dont believe it?“不相信吗？”符合题意，故选B。【10题详解】题意：单词“contagious”的中文意思是什么？词句猜测题。根据第二段中 Smiling can help you feel better instantly.可知微笑能让你立即感觉很好，根据下文“And it can be contagious. So give a smile to a total stranger on the street.”可知，笑容是会传染，所以在街上遇到陌生人也应该多笑一笑。C选项“有感染力的”符合题意，故选C。【11题详解】题意：你能做什么来保持皮肤健康？细节理解题。根据原文“Drinking water can help keep you hydrated, control calories, filter your kidneys, and keep healthy skin.”可知，喝水可以保持皮肤健康。B选项Drink some water“喝水”符合题意，故选B。【12题详解】题意：本文中“second”的意思与下列哪一项的“second”意思相同？词句猜测题。原文中“second”的意思是“一秒钟”，C选项Can you just lift the table for a second?“你能把桌子抬一下吗？”其中，second意为“一秒钟”，故选C。DRobert likes to take a walk in the park after work. One day when he was walking in the park, he heard a woman calling his name. He stopped to look around, but didnt see anything except a little snake. Shortly after Robert saw it, it was gone. Though Robert felt a little strange, he did not think about it too much and sat down for a rest on a bench in the park. Then he noticed the snake he had just seen climbing up the bench. Robert was too afraid to move away from the bench. Right at this moment, a woman behind him shouted, “Come here, Robert. You cant stay on the bench like that. People will be worried by you.”In surprise, Robert turned around and said to the woman, “Excuse me, but thats not a very nice thing to say, and in fact some people say Im handsome.”“Im not talking to you,” said the woman, “Im telling Robert, my pet snake, to get down from the bench, not you.”bench 长凳13. What did Robert see when he heard someone calling his name in the park?A. Nothing.B. A snake.C. A woman.14. How did Robert feel when he saw the snake climbing up the bench?A. Happy.B. Excited.C. Scared.15. Why did Robert turn around and say something to the woman?A. He thought the woman was talking to him.B. He felt ashamed for his had looking.C. He thought he was not polite.16. What is the best title for the story?A. Two RobertsB. Be Polite to MeC. Sorry, I Made a Mistake【答案】13. B 14. C 15. A 16. A【解析】本文讲述了罗伯特在公园散步的时候遇到一条蛇，这条蛇的名字也叫罗伯特，在蛇的主人与蛇讲话的时候，罗伯特以为是在和自己讲话，结果发现主人是在和宠物蛇罗伯特讲话，而不是自己。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“He stopped to look around, but didnt see anything except a little snake.”可知，当罗伯特听到有人叫他名字的时候，他看到了一条小蛇。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Robert was too afraid to move away from the bench.”可知，当罗伯特看到那条蛇爬上长凳的时候，他感到很害怕。故选C。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Im telling Robert, my pet snake, to get down from the bench, not you.”可知，这个女人的宠物蛇也叫罗伯特，所以当这位妇女对自己的宠物蛇说话的时候，罗伯特以为这个女人在叫他，所以他转过去和这个女人说话。故选A。【16题详解】最佳标题题。文中主要讲述了罗伯特在公园散步的时候遇到一条小蛇，这条蛇的名字也叫罗伯特，在蛇的主人与蛇讲话的时候，罗伯特以为是在和自己讲话，结果发现不是，所以文章内容围绕“两个罗伯特”展开，最佳标题应为Two Roberts。故选A。EHappy, Happy Chinese New Year by Demi HitzIn a book that is itself a celebration, Demi explains the ideas behind the Chinese New Year festival. The last 15 days of the old year are spent cleaning and preparing (Wash your hair and get a new haircut. Pay the debts that you owe and collect what is owed to you!). On the eve of the new moon, a special feast is prepared The first 15 days of the New Year are spent celebrating with lion dances, firecrackers, and other activities.Demi has long been interested in Eastern art and philosophy, which inspired her to create this book about the Chinese New Year celebration. She has written and illustrated more than 20 books for children, including The Empty Pot, Gandhi, and Kites: Magic Wishes that Fly Up to the Sky.Chinese New Year for Kids by Cindy RobertsChinese New Year for Kids is a full color book with beautiful, Chinese illustrations. This is a hands-on workbook for parents and teachers, written for children from ages 3 to 12 years old, for use in the classroom or at home. Children will enjoy the Chinese New Year party ideas, dragon dances, lion dances, art projects, and Chinese games.The art projects for Chinese New Year are designed to be easy, as well as inexpensive to reproduce for large groups. All the activities in this book have been tested in the classroom, with very successful results, and have caused lots of enthusiasm from children and teachers alike. Music, physical movement, art, and food all add to the ambiance of taking an imaginary trip to China during the Chinese New Year.debt 债 owe 欠 feast 宴会 philosophy 哲学illustrate 插图 design 设计 enthusiasm 热情 ambiance 气氛17. What is “Happy, Happy Chinese New Year”?A. A book.B. A celebration.C. A festival.18. What do Chinese usually do before the New Year?A. They usually have a big meal every day.B. They are busy cleaning and preparing.C. They are celebrating with activities.19. Who will most likely read the books by Demi?A. Children from western countries.B. Students from China.C. Indian Children.20. What will the readers most probably do after reading “Chinese New Year for Kids”?A. They will join to write more books about China.B. They will have a strong wish to visit China during Chinese New Year.C. They will enjoy the Chinese New Year party ideas, dragon and lion dances.【答案】17. A 18. B 19. A 20. B【解析】本文介绍了两本关于介绍中国新年的书籍。【17题详解】细节理解题。根据文中“Happy, Happy Chinese New Year by Demi Hitz；In a book that is itself a celebration, Demi explains the ideas behind the Chinese New Year festival.”可知，Happy, Happy Chinese New Year是由黛米希茨所写的一本书。故选A。【18题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“The last 15 days of the old year are spent cleaning and preparing”可知，在新年到来之前，中国人忙着打扫和准备。故选B。【19题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Demi has long been interested in Eastern art and philosophy, which inspired her to create this book about the Chinese New Year celebration.”可知，黛米一直对东方艺术和哲学感兴趣，这本书是关于中国新年庆典的，而且她还写了其他面向孩子的书，所以西方的孩子们最有可能阅读这本书，去了解中国的春节。故选A。【20题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Music, physical movement, art, and food all add to the ambiance of taking an imaginary trip to China during the Chinese New Year.”可知，音乐，身体运动，艺术和食物都增加了在中国新年期间去中国旅行的氛围，所以当作者读了这本书以后，他们将有一个强烈的愿望，在春节期间访问中国。故选B。第二部分 知识运用第一节 完形填空阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Kevin White is an 8-year-old boy from Salt Lake City. He started school two years ago but he has _21_ been able to ride the school bus with the other kids. Because of a serious illness, he needs _22_ care even on the way to school. His parents drive him to _23_ each day.When he heard that a service dog could allow him to ride the bus, he _24_ to get one at once. However, his family didnt have that much _25_. So Kevin came up with an idea to raise money by selling _26_.After Kevin told his father what he _27_, his father helped him grow vegetables in their yard. To let people know about Kevins _28_ on September 26, Kevins dad wrote _29_ article online, telling people what happened to Kevin and _30_ he wanted to do. The story touched many peoples hearts _31_ they wanted to lend Kevin a hand. In just a few weeks, Kevins vegetables were _32_. People even began giving _33_ own vegetables to Kevin to sell.With the help of others, Kevin has _34_ over 21,000 dollars in all. Kevin said he would use the money to buy service dog and give the money left _35_ other children in need.21. A. alwaysB. oftenC. never22. A. specialB. strangeC. usual23. A. workB. schoolC. home2