八年级英语名词的辨析-专题尖子生培优卷带答案解析.doc

八年级英语名词的辨析 专题尖子生培优卷带答案解析1、Yuan Longping is considered to have made a great _ to the development of agriculture.AprogressBinventionCintroductionDcontribution2、 Did Lucy dress herself beautifully at her birthday party? Yeah, of course. Her white dress caught everyones _.AcelebrationBorganizationCintroductionDattention3、So let me say here that in front of the Chinese side, the United States does not have the qualification (资格) to say that it wants to speak to China from a _ of strength.AsituationBpositionCconditionDlocation4、Do you know why David went to London last month?He went there with the _ of finding a better job as an engineer.AexperienceBconditionCknowledgeDpurpose5、Peter is interested in reading books about animals and plants. He has a real _ of animals, birds and flowers.AcourageBenergyCknowledgeDexperience6、 How do you like Jianye Library? Wonderful! Im especially satisfied with the high _ of its service.AcostBvalueCstandardDprice7、A _ is a person who is travelling or visiting a place.AstrangerBtouristCguideDcustomer8、The man next door is a _ to Bruce. He doesnt even know the neighbors name.AstrangerBvolunteerCtrainerDteacher9、Why did the artist make no _ to be understood or liked?He didnt care what others think of him.AriskBeffortCsuggestionDbalance10、Would you send me some _ of yours? I miss you very much!AmagazinesBphotosCphonesDworks11、US anthropologist Edward T. Hall said that in a conversation between two people, 65% of _ is done through body language.AapplicationBpronunciationCintroductionDcommunication12、When autumn comes, the _ will turn yellow, and fall from the tree.AmountainsBleavesCbirdsDplants13、If you are interested in something, its easier for you to pay _ to it for a long time.AattentionBinterestCprogressDinformation14、For the time being we can collect much _ either from books or on the Internet.AideaBmethodCinformationDsuggestion15、Yancheng Nature Reserve covers an _ of over 45,000 square kilometers. It is one of the worlds most important wetlands.AareaBobjectCspaceDpopulation16、Mr. Green, I cant remember some of the words. What should I do?Dont worry! Why not try to make _ with them?AdecisionsBsentencesCsuggestionsDchoices17、I didnt have the to go out alone at night when I was a little child.So did I. But now Im brave enough.AcourageBpowerCabilityDchance18、Could you give me a few _ on how to spend the coming summer holiday?-OK. Let me see.AhobbiesBknowledgeCsuggestionsDinformation19、The _of antibiotics(抗生素) in the 20th century has made a great difference to us.AinventionBinstructionCmethodDdiscovery20、We have entered a world where robot operations become true with 5G technology.Hard to believe! Scientists are full of _ which leads to great changes in our life.AinstructionBinstrumentCinventionDintroduction21、 I hear that you have bought a smart car. Does the car give you any good _ for your money? Certainly.AvalueBpriceCwealthDcost22、Why are you so crazy about travelling, Wu Dong?Travelling can offer us real_of languages, customs and cultures.AattractionBbackgroundCdifferenceDexperience23、A factory will be built for the _ of this type of new energy car.ApositionBpopulationCproductionDpronunciation24、Sophie, I can carry the heavy bag for you, if you cant.Thats a very kind_. Thanks a lot.ApromiseBserviceCofferDsuggestion25、Life is like riding a bicycle. To keep your _, you must keep moving.ApromiseBpositionCbalanceDability26、I was attracted by the ladys warm smile. It was really like a hidden _ .ApleasureBtreasureCattentionDinvention27、My sister has no sense of _. She always gets lost in the city streets.AshameBdutyCdirectionDhumour28、The number of the people who use Huawei _ is getting larger and larger.AproductsBcustomersCculturesDhistories29、On March 20th the Sanxingdui Ruins in Guanghan, Sichuan drew the worlds _.AattentionBconditionCinstructionDproduction30、We should follow our teachers_ about how to achieve a balance between our study and hobbies.AdecisionBattentionCsuggestionDintroduction31、Searching for information is not a big deal today.Exactly, the _ is how we can tell whether the information is true or not.AadvantageBmessageCchallengeDknowledge32、Have you heard of a new technology about TV?Yes. Its “8K TV”. I believe that it will make a great _ to peoples life.AsurpriseBprogressCdifferenceDchoice33、The police give us a lot of _ on how to protect personal information.AtrustBadviceCstressDdifficulty34、Whats your mother?She is a _ in a company.AnurseBfarmerCdoctorDmanager35、The number of the people using Huawei _is getting larger and largerAculturesBcustomersChistoriesDproducts36、Michael, could you tell me the way to Haian Museum?Sorry. But you can download a map app on your phone that can show you _ and guide you to where you want to go.AconversationBlocationCinventionDintroduction37、The father put his sons toy together by following the _.AinstructionsBinventionsCcollectionsDinvitations38、Mr. Zhang is an excellent Chinese teacher. He has over 20 years teaching _.AexperienceBprogressCinformationDknowledge39、A city is the _ of the human hand and mind, showing mans wisdom and creativity.AproductBprocessCprideDpossibility40、I think some famous stars should pay more attention to their behavior because what they do can have a great _on teenagers.AchangeBimpressionCprogressDinfluence【参考答案】1、D解析：D【详解】句意：袁隆平被认为对农业的发展作出了巨大贡献。考查名词辨析。progress进步；invention发明；introduction介绍；contribution贡献。袁隆平对农业发展作出了巨大贡献；make a great contribution to“对作出巨大贡献”。故选D。2、D解析：D【详解】句意：在生日聚会上露西打扮的漂亮吗？当然，她白色的裙子吸引了每个人的注意力。A. celebration 庆祝； B. organization 组织； C. introduction 说明书； D. attention注意力；根据句意故选D3、B解析：B【详解】句意：所以我想在这里说，在中方面前，美国没有资格说它想从一个强势的立场和中国对话。考查名词辨析。situation形势；position立场；condition状况；location位置。根据“it wants to speak to China from a of strength”可知，此处指强势的立场，故选B。4、D解析：D【详解】句意：你知道大卫上个月为什么去伦敦吗?他去那儿的目的是找一份更好的工程师工作。考查名词辨析，experience经验，经历；condition条件；knowledge知识；purpose目的。根据“finding a better job as an engineer”，可知应该是目的，the purpose of“的目的”，故选D。5、C解析：C【详解】句意：彼得对读有关动植物的书很感兴趣。他对动物、鸟类和花卉都很了解。考查名词词义辨析。courage勇气；energy能量；knowledge知识；experience经历。根据“Peter is interested in reading books about animals and plants.”可知，Peter对动物、鸟类和花卉都很了解。have a knowledge of意为“了解”。故选C。6、C解析：C【详解】句意：你觉得建邺图书馆怎么样？ 太棒了！我对它的高标准服务特别满意。考查名词。cost价值；value价值；standard标准；price价格。根据上文“Wonderful”可知，此处指的是对图书馆的高标准服务特别满意。故选C。7、B解析：B【详解】句意：游客是指正在旅行或参观某个地方的人。考查名词辨析。stranger陌生人；tourist游客；guide导游；customer消费者。根据“who is travelling or visiting a place”可知，正在旅行或参观某个地方的人是指游客。故选B。8、A解析：A【详解】句意：隔壁的那个人对布鲁斯来说是陌生人。他连邻居的名字都不知道。考查名词辨析。stranger陌生人；volunteer志愿者；trainer训练员；teacher老师。根据“He doesnt even know the neighbors name.”可知，二人是陌生人，故选A。9、B解析：B【详解】句意：为什么艺术家不努力让别人理解或喜欢他？ 他不在乎别人怎么看他。考查名词辨析。risk风险；effort努力；suggestion建议；balance平衡。考查固定搭配make an effort to do sth.努力做某事；此处表示“不努力做某事”，用make no effort to do sth.。故选B。10、B解析：B【详解】句意：你能寄给我一些你的照片吗？我非常想念你！考查名词辨析。magazines杂志；photos照片；phones电话；works作品。根据“I miss you very much!”可知，非常想念某人，应该想要某人的照片以缓解思念。故选B。11、D解析：D【详解】句意：美国人类学家Edward T. Hall说，在两个人的对话中，65%的交流是通过肢体语言完成的。考查名词。application申请；pronunciation发音；introduction介绍；communication交流。根据上文“in a conversation between two people”提示，此处指的是在交流的过程中，故选D。12、B解析：B【详解】句意：当秋天来临时，树叶会变黄，从树上掉下来。考查名词辨析。mountains山脉；leaves树叶；birds鸟；plants植物；根据“fall from the tree”及常识可知，树叶秋天会变黄，从树上落下，故选B。13、A解析：A【详解】句意：如果你对某事感兴趣，你会更容易长时间关注它。考查名词辨析。attention关心；interest兴趣；progress进步；information消息；结合“you are interested in something”可知是感兴趣，可推测出是关心，“pay attention to”表示“关注”，是固定词组，故选A。14、C解析：C【详解】句意：就目前而言，我们可以从书上或互联网上收集许多信息。考查名词辨析。idea想法，主意；method方法；information信息；suggestion建议。根据空格前形容词“much”可知填不可数名词，idea、method和suggestion是可数名词，而information是不可数名词。故选C。15、A解析：A【详解】句意：盐城自然保护区面积超过45,000平方公里。它是世界上最重要的湿地之一。考查名词辨析。area面积；object物体；space空间；population人口。根据“over 45,000 square kilometers”可知此处是指面积area。故选A。16、B解析：B【详解】句意：格林先生，我记不住一些单词。我该怎么办？别担心！为什么不试着用它们造句呢？考查名词辨析。decisions决定；sentences句子；suggestions建议；choices选择。由“Why not try to makewith them?”可知，此处应为格林先生建议试着用单词造句。故选B。17、A解析：A【详解】句意：当我还是个小孩子的时候，我没有勇气在晚上独自出去。我也是。但现在我足够勇敢了。考查名词辨析。A. 勇气；B. 力量；C. 能力；D. 机会。根据go out alone at night结合对方的回答So did I. But now Im brave enough.可知没有勇气在晚上独自出去，故选A。18、C解析：C【详解】句意：你能给我一些关于如何度过即将到来的暑假的建议吗？好吧，让我看看吧。hobbies兴趣；knowledge知识；suggestions建议；information消息。根据on how to spend the coming summer holiday可知关于如何度假，这是一种建议，故选C。19、D解析：D【详解】句意：20世纪抗生素的发现给我们带来了巨大的变化。考查名词辨析。invention发明,发明创造没有的东西 ；instruction说明；method方法；discovery发现,是去发现本来就存在的东西；从文字的表层意思推断空格指抗生素的发现；故选D。20、C解析：C【详解】句意：我们已经进入了一个用5G技术实现机器人操作的世界。 难以置信！科学家们（脑子里）充满了能使我们的生活发生巨大变化的创意。考查名词。instruction操作指南；instrument仪器；invention创意；introduction介绍。根据下文“leads to great changes in our life”提示，能让人们生活发生巨大改变的是创意，故选C。21、A解析：A【详解】句意：我听说你买了一辆智能汽车。这辆车能让你觉得物有所值吗？当然。 考查名词辨析。value价值；price价格；wealth财富；cost花费；此处指“物有所值 ”，表达为good value for money ；故选A。22、D解析：D【详解】句意：吴东，你为什么对旅行如此着迷？旅行可以给我们提供语言、风俗和文化的真实体验。考查名词辨析。attraction吸引力；background背景；difference差别， 差异；experience体验，经验，经历。根据常识可知“旅行可以给我们提供语言、风俗和文化的真实体验。”故选D。23、C解析：C【详解】句意：将建一座工厂来生产这种新能源汽车。考查名词辨析。position位置，职位；population人口；production生产，产品；pronunciation发音。根据句意可知，建工厂是为了新能源汽车的生产。故选C。24、C解析：C【详解】句意：苏菲，如果你拿不动的话，我可以帮你拿这个重的包。这是个善意的帮助。太感谢了。考查名词辨析。promise承诺；service服务；offer主动提供的帮助；suggestion建议。根据前文“I can carry the heavy bag for you”，可知是在提供帮助，故选C。25、C解析：C【详解】句意：生活就像骑自行车。为了保持平衡，你必须继续前进。考查名词辨析。promise承诺；position位置；balance平衡；ability能力。根据情境可知，此处指为了保持平衡，必须继续前进。故选C。26、B解析：B【详解】句意：我被那位女士温暖的微笑所吸引。它就像一个隐藏的宝藏。考查名词词义辨析。pleasure快乐；treasure宝藏；attention注意力；invention发明。根据“I was attracted by the ladys warm smile.”我被那位女士的微笑所吸引，可知这里说的是它就像隐藏的“宝藏”。故选B。27、C解析：C【详解】句意：我妹妹没有方向感。她总是在城市的街道上迷路。考查名词辨析。shame羞愧；duty责任；direction方向；humour幽默。根据下文“She always gets lost in the city streets”，可知不认识方向，故选C。28、A解析：A【详解】句意：用华为产品的人的数量越来越多。考查名词辨析。products产品；customers顾客；cultures文化；histories历史。根据“The number of the people who use Huawei.”可知人们用华为的产品。故选A。29、A解析：A【详解】句意：3月20日，四川广汉三星堆遗址吸引了全世界的注意力。考查名词辨析。attention注意力；condition条件；instruction指令；production产品。根据“drew the worlds”可知，此处用draw ones attention表示“吸引某人的注意”，故选A。30、C解析：C【详解】句意：关于如何在学习和爱好之间取得平衡，我们应该听从老师的建议。考查名词辨析。decision决定；attention关注；suggestion建议；introduction介绍。根据“We should follow our teachers”可知，是听从老师的建议，故选C。31、C解析：C【详解】句意：搜索信息在今天并不是什么大事。确切地说，我们面临的挑战是如何辨别信息的真伪。考查名词辨析。advantage优势；message消息；challenge挑战；knowledge知识。根据题干中“how we can tell whether the information is true or not”可知我们如何判断信息的真实性是一个“挑战”，用challenge符合题意。故选C。32、C解析：C【详解】句意：你听说过电视的一项新技术吗?是的。这是“8 k电视”。我相信这会给人们的生活带来很大的不同。考查名词辨析，surprise惊喜；progress进步；difference差别；choice选择。固定短语：make a great difference“有很大差别；有很大的影响”，符合语境“给人们的生活带来很大的不同”。故选C。33、B解析：B【详解】句意：关于如何保护个人信息，警察给了我们很多建议。考查单词辨析。trust信任；advice建议；stress压力；difficulty困难。结合句意“如何保护个人信息”可知，是给我们很多建议。故选B。34、D解析：D【详解】句意：你的妈妈是做什么的？她是一家公司的经理。考查单词辨析。nurse护士，工作地点医院；farmer农民，工作地点农场；doctor医生，工作地点医院；manager经理，工作地点公司。根据“in a company”可知，manager符合语境。故选D。35、D解析：D【详解】句意：使用华为产品的人数越来越多。考查名词辨析。cultures文化；customers顾客；histories历史；products产品。根据句意可知，空处是表达“使用华为产品的人”。故选D。36、B解析：B【详解】句意：迈克尔，你能告诉我去海安博物馆的路吗？对不起。但你可以在手机上下载一个地图应用程序，它可以向你显示位置并指引你去你想去的地方。考查名词词义辨析。conversation会话；location位置；invention发明；introduction介绍。根据空前“a map app”可知，应是显示位置。故选B。37、A解析：A【详解】句意：父亲按照说明把儿子的玩具组装了起来。考查名词词义辨析。instructions指示、说明；inventions发明；collections收藏；invitations邀请。根据句中“The father put his sons toy together”可推知，应是按照说明。故选A。38、A解析：A【详解】句意：张老师是一位优秀的语文老师。他有20多年的教学经验。考查名词辨析。experience经验；progress过程；information信息；knowledge知识。根据“He has over 20 years teaching”可知，此处指他的教学经验很丰富，故选A。39、A解析：A【详解】句意：城市是人的手和心灵的产物，展示着人的智慧和创造力。考查名词辨析。product产物；process过程；pride骄傲；possibility可能性。根据“A city is the.of the human hand and mind”可知，此处表示城市是人的手和心灵的产物。故选A。40、D解析：D【详解】句意：我认为一些明星应该多注意他们的行为，因为他们所做的对青少年有很大的影响。考查名词辨析。change变化；impression印象；progress进步；influence影响。根据上文“I think some famous stars should pay more attention to their behavior”，可知是因为明星的行为对青少年有很大影响，故选D。