2018湖南长沙市中考英语试题和参考答案解析.doc

精心整理
2018年长沙市初中学业水平考试试卷
英语
注意事项：
1、 答题前，请考生先将自己的姓名，准考证号填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号、教室和座位号；
2、 必须在答题卡上答题，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效；
3、 答题时，请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示；
4、 请勿折叠答题卡，保持字体工整，笔记清晰，卡面清洁；
5、 答题卡上不能使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸；
6、 本学科试卷中听力材料以中速朗读两遍。
试卷分为四个部分，共8页，75小题，时量120分钟，满分120分。
Ⅰ．听力技能（两部分，共20小题，计20分）
第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。（共5小题，计5分）
1．Whogavethewatchtotheboy？
A．Hisfather．B．Hissister．C．Hisbrother．
2．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout？
A．TheSpringFestival．
B．TheDragonBoatFestival．
C．TheMid-AutumnFestival．
3．What'sthematterwithCindy？
A．Shehasafever．B．Shehasaheadache．C．Shehasatoothache．
4．Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo？
A．Tothezoo．B．Tothepark．C．Totheairport．
5．WhichofthefollowingdoesTinalikebest？
A．Gameshows．B．Talkshows．C．Talentshows．
第二节听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2-3个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。共15小题，计15分）
听第六段对话，回答第6、7小题。
6．WhatdoesEricwanttobe？
A．Ateacher．B．Adoctor．C．Anartist．
7．Wheredoesthegirl'sfatherwork？
A．Inahospital．B．Inahighschool．C．Inacollege．
听第七段对话，回答第8、9小题。
8．What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenCathyandPatrick？
A．Strangers．B．Classmates．C．Workmates．
9．HowdoesCathypracticeherspokenEnglish？
A．Bysingingsongs．B．Bywatchingmovies．C．Bytakingafter-schoolclasses．
听第八段对话，回答第10、11小题。
10．Wheredidthewomanfindhermobilephone？
A．Inthebag．B．Underthebook．C．Onthetable．
11．Howmuchisthemobilephone？
A．1，000yuan．B．1，500yuan．C．2，000yuan．
听第九段对话，回答第12至14小题。
12．Whatdayisittoday？

A．Monday．B．Thursday．C．Saturday．
13．Howoftendothecousinsgettogether？
A．Onceaweek．B．Onceamonth．C．Onceayear．
14．HowmanyCokeswillPeterbuy？
A．Seven．B．Nine．C．Eleven．
听第十段对话，回答第15至17小题。
15．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodofirst？
A．Towatchamovie．B．Tovisitthemuseum．C．Tohaveadrink．
16．Whereisthecoffeeshop？
A．Nexttothecinema．B．Infrontofthemuseum．C．Acrossfromthebank．
17．Howwillthespeakersgotothemuseum？
A．Onfoot．B．Bybus．C．Bybike．
听下面一段独白，回答第18至20小题。
18．WhyisStevegoingtoBeijing？
A．Becausehisauntisterriblyill．
B．Becausehisauntwillgetmarried．
C．Becausehisauntjusthadhersecondbaby．
19．WhatwillStevedoinDalian？
A．Goshopping．B．Gofishing．C．Goswimming．
20．WhenwillStevearriveinChangsha？
A．Onthe18th．B．Onthe19th．C．Onthe20th．
Ⅱ．知识运用（两部分，共20小题，计20分）
第一节语法填空从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。（共10小题，每题1分，计10分）
21．-Theweatherreportsaysit'sgoingtohaveashowerthisafternoon．
-Itdoes？We'dbetter____now，justincase．（　　）
A．toleaveB．leavingC．leave
22．-IsthemanoverthereAdam？
-It____behim．HehasgonetoHongKongonvacation．（　　）
A．mustB．can'tC．mustn't
23.-Dothetwinslookthesame？
-No．Janeis____tallerthanClaire．（　　）
A．littleB．moreC．alittle
24.-HowmanyapplescanIhave？
-Youcanhavetwo．___areforJim．（　　）
A．TheothersB．OthersC．Theother
25.Youmustn'tdriveacarontheroad____yougetadriver'slicense．（　　）
A．unlessB．ifC．since
26．-Mom，Iboughtustwoticketstothe2018WorldCupinRussia．
-Really？_____pleasantsurprise!（　　）
A．HowB．WhatC．Whata
27．BritishphysicistStephenHawking，who____asthe"smartestmanalive"，passedawayinEnglandonMarch14，2018．（　　）
A．praisedB．waspraisedC．willbepraised
28.Aslongasthewholeofoursociety_____trying，wewillmakeourskiesblueagain．（　　）
A．keepsB．willkeepC．kept
29.Kids，Ihopeyou'llrememberthegoodolddays____wespenttogetherinjuniorhighthoughit'stimetosaygoodbye．（　　）
A．whoB．whatC．which
30.-Doesanybodywanttoshare____onFather'sDay？
-Guesswhat？I'llwriteapoemformydad．（　　）
A．whenwillyoushopB．whatyouwilldoC．whereyouwillgo
第二节词语填空通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案（共10小题，共10分）
WhenIwasfifteenyearsold，Ibecameveryinterestedinshopping．Afterawhilebeingjusta
buyer，Iwantedto31something．IhadmanythingsthatInolongerneededathome．IknewwiththehelpofmyfatherIcouldmakemoney．SoformonthsandmonthsI32myselfbysellingthingsonmydad'sbankaccount（账户）．
OnJuly18th，2015，Imademyownaccountandbegantostartmyown33．ThingsweregoinggreatandthenIrealizedthatsellingthingsaroundthehousewasn't34forme，soIdecidedtoexpand（拓展）mybusinessbyrunningare-saleshop．Iwentaroundtotheyardsalesandboughtthingsatlowpricesandsoldthemat35pricestomakemoney．
LastOctober．Iwenttoayardsalethatwasalittlebitdifferent．Aladyhadmanynicethings
tosell．Iwentuptoherandhada36withher．Throughthecommunication，Iknewshewasjoblessatthatmomentandneededmoneytofeedherfamily．IthoughtIcoulddoitbetterandmorequicklyforher．SoImadeadecisiontohelpherout．Shelookedatmeforawhileandthensaid37．AfterthatItookawaysomeofherthingsandoverthenextmonthImade￥1，500forher!WhenIgaveherthemoney，shebrokedownintotears（眼泪）38．
Ihaveneverfeltso39tohelpsomeoneinmylife．Iknowmyskillscouldbeusedtohelpthoseinneedandthatevenonesmallactofkindnesscould40．
31．A．buyB．sellC．produce
32．A．annoyedB．enjoyedC．punished
33．A．businessB．holidayC．education
34．A．familiarB．helpfulC．enough
35．A．higherB．lowerC．half
36．A．competitionB．fightC．conversation
37．A．noB．yesC．sorry
38．A．peacefullyB．regretfullyC．thankfully
39．A．worriedB．stressedC．pleased
40．A．makeadifferenceB．makeamessC．makeamistake
Ⅲ．阅读技能（四部分，共24小题，计48分）
第一节图表理解阅读下面的图表，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。（共5小题，计10分）
A
41．TheticketpriceincludesthefollowingEXCEPT．
A．drinksB．snacksC．freeWi-Fi
42．Fromtheposter（海报）above，wecanknowthat．
A．theeventendsat10p．m．
B．theeventisjustforthebestplayers
C．theticketonlineischeaperthanthatatthedoor
B
Name
JonathanSmith
Dateofbirth
Feb．25，2001
Placeofbirth
NewYork，NY．theUSA
Contact
（联系方式）
Address：37GreenfieldRoad，Sydney，Australia
Telephone：
E-mail：[e-mail]
Education
GED-12，includingEnglishandmath
GreenfieldHighSchool，Sydney，Australia
Workexperience
WaiteratBetty'sPizzaRestaurantonSaturdays-9months；Volunteerasajudge（裁判）inGreenfieldNurserySchoolsportsmeeting-3times
Languages
English-firstlanguage
Chinese-secondlanguage
Skillsandinterests
Sports，singing，drawing，traveling，gardening
43．Accordingtothechart（图表），howoldisJonathanthisyear？
A．17．B．27．C．37．
44．WheredidJonathanreceivehishighschooleducation？
A．InLondon．B．InNewYork．C．InSydney．
45．Thecharttellsusthat．
A．Jonathanhasn'tgotanyworkexperience
B．Jonathanknowstwolanguagesandloveslife
C．JonathancanbecontactedthroughWeChatmessages
第二节短文理解阅读下面的短文，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。（共10小题，计20分）
A
Afterwandering（闲逛）aroundinthecityforalongtime，Tomfinallyfoundhimselfstandinginfrontofthepalace．Helookedthroughitsgoldengate，hopingtotakealookatarealprince（王子）．
Thereweresomeguards（卫兵）standingatbothsidesofthegateTom，dressedbadly，wasmovingnervouslypastthemwhenhesuddenlycaughtsightofawell-dressedboywhowasfollowedbyseveralservants．Hewasnodoubttheprince！
Tomwasexcited．Hewantedtogetclosetotheprinceandhaveagoodlookathim．However，aguardsawhimandstoppedhimrudely（粗鲁地）．
Theyoungprince，whosenamewasEdward，wasangrywiththeguardforhisrudeness．HeaskedtheguardtoopenthegateandtookTomtohisroominthepalace．
Thetwoboysbecamegoodfriends．TheyevenexchangedtheirclothesafterTomtoldEdwardthathehaddreamtaboutdressinglikeaprince，Astheystoodsidebysideinfrontofagreatmirror，theyweresurprisedtofindthattheylookedalmostliketwins!
Thetwoboyswereineachother'sclotheswhenEdwardsuddenlynoticedabruise（淤伤）onTom'shand．HesoonrealizedthatitwascausedbytheguardwhohadstoppedTomrudely．Inamoment，theyoungprinceranoutoftheroom．Hedecidedtopunishtheguard．
However，theguarddidn'trealizethattheprincewasinTom'soldwornclothes．HehitEdwardheavilyontheearandthrewhimoutofthepalace．
46．WhydidTomlookthroughthegateofthepalace？
A．Totalkwiththeguard．B．Toaskforaplacetolivein．C．Tohavealookatarealprince．
47．HowdidTomfeelwhilemovingpasttheguards？
A．Nervous．B．Excited．C．Proud．
48．WhenTomwasstopped，Edwardgotmadbecauseof．
A．thebadmannersofTomB．thestrictrulesofthepalaceC．therudebehavioroftheguard
49．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？
A．EdwardandTomweretwinbrothers．
B．Edwardwaskind，caringandfriendly．
C．Edwardwastiredoflivinginthepalace．
50.Wecaninfer（推断）fromthepassagethat．
A．bloodisthickerthanwaterB．twoheadsarebetterthanoneC．neverjudgepeoplebytheirlooks
B
Elephantsarethelargestlandanimalsalivetoday．Africanelephantsliveinfamilygroupscalledherds（群）．Alloftheelephantsintheherdtakecareofeachother．Theleaderoftheherdisanoldmotherelephant．Sheisthematriarch（族长）．Aherdmayhaveasfewaseightorasmanyas100elephants．Theotherelephantsfollowthematriarchbecausesheknowshowtokeepthemsafefromcomingdanger．
Elephantslearnbywatchingandcopyingotherelephants，andalsolearnfromlife．Babyelephantsstaywiththeirmothersuntiltheyarefullygrownatabouttenyearsold．Elephantslivetobe50or60yearsold．Elephantsaresmartanimalswithlongmemories．Inthedryseason，amatriarchcanrememberwherewaterwasfoundinthepast．Theherdwillfollowherthere．Shecanalsorememberthesafestplaceforbabyelephantstocrossafast-movingriver．
Elephantstalktoeachotherwithrumblingsounds．Somerumblingsoundsaresolowanddeepthatpeopleareunabletohearthem．Elephantshearsoundsnotonlywiththeirears，butalsowiththeirfeet，andeventrunks（longnosesoftheelephants）．Theyalsogreeteachotherbytouchingwiththeirtrunksandfeet．Ifdangerappears，mothersbeattheirearstocalltheirbabiestothem．
Otheranimalsdon'tusuallyattack（攻击）elephants．However，alionmighttrytoattackasickelephantorababy．Ifthishappens，theadultelephantscirclearoundthebabyelephants．Theadultsmakeloudersoundsandhitthegroundwiththeirtrunks．Thematriarchputsherselfbetweenthelionandtheherd．Shebeatsherearsouttomakeherselflookevenlarger．Thenshelowersherherdandattackstheenemy（敌人）inabigcloudofdust（灰尘）．
51．AccordingtoParagraph（段落）One，anelephantherd．

A．hasafatherelephantastheleader
B．ownsamatriarchwhokeepsitawayfromdanger
C．alwayshasseveralleadersandhundredsofelephants
52．Longmemorieshelpelephantsto．
A．choosetheirmatriarchB．communicatewitheachotherC．findwaterandcrosstheriver
53．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"rumbling"mean？
A．低沉的B．尖细的C．高亢的
54．Whydotheadultelephantscirclearoundtheirbabies？
A．Tokeeptheirbabiessafe．B．Towelcometheirfriends．C．Toattacktheirenemies．
55．Thepassagemainlytellsusabout．
A．whytheelephantsliveinherds
B．whattheelephants'livinghabitsare
C．howtheelephantsavoidbeingattacked
第三节语篇补全阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全短文。选项中有一项为多余选项。（共4小题，计8分）
Agoodmemoryisoftenseenassomethingthatcomesnaturally，whileabadmemoryassomethingthatcannotbechanged．Infact，thereisalotthatyoucandotoimproveyourmemory．Herearesometips（贴士）foryou．
◆56．
Weallrememberthethingsweareinterestedin，andalwaysforgettheonesthatboreus．Thisexplainsthereasonwhyschoolboysrememberfootballresultseasilybutstruggle（挣扎）withdatesfromtheirhistorylessons!Developanactiveinterestinwhatyouwanttoremember．Onewaytomakeyourselfmoreinterestedistoaskquestions-themore，thebetter!
◆Repeatthingsinchunks（块）．
Repeatingthingsinchunksisthebestwaytorememberthingsforashorttime，forexample，rememberingaphonenumberforafewseconds．57．Thefollowingnumberswouldbeimpossibleformostofustoremember：．Butlookatthemin"groups"or"chunks"repeatedly，anditbecomesmucheasier：．
◆Inventastory．
Torememberlonglists，tryinventingastorywhichincludesallthethingsyouwanttoremember．Inexperiments，peoplewereaskedtorememberupto120wordsusingthisway．Whentheyweretestedlater，theycouldrememberabout90%ofthem．58．
◆Takephysicalexercise．
Physicalexerciseisimportantforyourmemory，becauseitincreasesyourheartrate（心率）andsendsmoreoxygen（氧气）toyourbrain，andthatmakesyourmemoryworkbetter．59．Asweknow，toomuchpressureisverybadforthememory．
A．Takeaninterest．
B．Exercisealsolowersstress．
C．Thetestresultwasreallyamazing!
D．Anotherwaytoimprovememoryistogetenoughrest．
E．Groupingnumbersmayhelpyoutorememberthem．
第四节阅读表达阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题（共5小题，计10分）
InHebei，thereisasmallvillagecalledYeli．Throughthevillage，youcanseegreentreesalongtheriverbank．However，youcanhardlyimaginethat，about16yearsago，thisareawascoveredwithrocksandweeds（杂草）．Thebigchangeisallbecauseofyearsofhardworkbytwobestfriends：JiaHaixia，whoisblind，andJiaWenqi，whohasnoarms．
Thetwofriendsdecidedtoplanttreestomakealivingbackin2002．Althoughbotharedisabledtheylearnedtoworktogetherbybecomingeachother'seyesandhands．Withlittlemoneytobuyyoungtrees，theyhadtocollectandplantcuttings（插枝，插条）．Everymorning，theywenttotheriverbanktogether．JiaWenqiwalkedinthefrontandJiaHaixiafollowedhimbyholdingoneofhisfriendsemptysleeves（衣袖）．Aftertheyarrivedattheriverbank，JiaHaixiawouldclimbonhisfriend'sshoulderstogetcuttingsandJiaWenqiwouldtellhimwhichcuttingswerethebest．Afterthat，theydugholesonthegroundandwateredthecuttingstogether．
Theyplanted800treesinthefirstyear，butonlytwosurvived（存活）．Theydidn'tgiveup．Instead，theycontinuedtoplantmoreinthenextfewyears．Theriverbankisnowhometoovertenthousandtrees．
Today，thetwofriendsnolongerneedtomakealivingbyplantingtrees，buttheyhavenoplanstostop．Theyaimtoplantasmanytreesaspossibleintheareasoastoprotectthevillagefromflooding（洪水）andtoimprovethelocalenvironment．
60．Wheredidthestorytakeplace？
61．Couldpeopleseemanygreentreesthere16yearsago？
62．Howdidthesetwodisabledmenworktogether？（Nomorethan12words）
63．Howmanytreesaretherealongtheriverbanknowadays？
64．What'sthepurposeoftheirplantingtreesnow？
Ⅳ．写作技能（三部分，共11小题，共32分）
第三节语篇翻译阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。（共5小题，计10分）
Peoplehavebeentryingtofindoutifhomeworkisgoodorbadforschoolchildren，andtheyhavedifferentopinions．
65．Somepeoplethinkthathomeworkisanimportantpartoflearningforstudents．Theybelieveitnotonlyenableschildrentopracticewhattheyhavelearnedinclass，butalsohelpsimprovetheirhandwriting．Theyalsosaythathomeworkhelpsteachchildrenhowtoworkontheirown．66．Also，it'saskillwhichisusefultotheminfuturelife．
Othersdisagree，though．67．他们认为家庭作业给孩子们太多的压力．Andthetimespentonhomeworkcouldhavebeenusedtodootheractivitieslikereadingandplayingsports．Tobackuptheiropinion，theygivetheexampleofFinland（芬兰）．68．在芬兰，学生几乎没什么作业．Butthecountryremainsoneofthemosteducationallysuccessfulcountriesintheworld．
Hereismypointofview（观点）onthismatter．69．Whetherthehomeworkisgoodorbaddependsonthepurposeofit．Ifthereisnoclearreasonforgivinghomework，thestudentswon'tgetanythingfromdoingit，soitshouldnotbeset．However，Istillbelievethathomeworkcanreallyhelpwithchildren'slearning，ifteachersclearlytellthemwhytheyshoulddothehomeworkandletthemknowhowtheyhavedoneintheirhomework．
65．
66．
67．
68．
69．
第二节情景交际通读下面的对话，根据上下文补全对话内容（共5小题，计10分）
A：Hey，Emily，how'sitgoing？
B：70．Youknowwhat？I'vemadesomeprogressinEnglish，andIgotan"A"inthelastexam．
A：Wow，goodforyou!Youreffortsfinallypaidoff．71？
B：Well，Ijustlistenedtotheteachercarefullyinclass．Besides，readingEnglishnewspapersand
novelshelpedmealot．
A：Nowondergrammarisjustapieceofcakeforyounow．
B：Anyhow，Istillhavealongwaytogo．Bytheway．Icalledyouatnineo'clocklastnight，but
youdidn'tanswer．72？
A：Oh，terriblysorry．IwaswatchingthemovieAmazingChina．73？
B：Yes，Ihave．AmazingChinareallyshowsushowamazingChinais!AlltheChinesepeopleareproudofourcountry．
A：Icantagreemore．I'dliketowatchmoremovieslikethatafterthebigexaminJune．Butnow
Ihavetogoalloutfortheexam．
B：Youareright．Studycomesfirst．Goodluck，myfriend．
A：74．Thesametoyou!
第三节书面表达（计12分）
75．假如你是李华，于4月13日星期五这一天参加了学校组织的郊游活动．请你以schooltrip为主题，写一则英文日记，内容包括参加活动的人员、集合时间、郊游地点、交通方式、活动内容以及个人感受等．
要求：（1）80词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）日记中不得出现真实的人名和校名．
Friday，April13th
Itwassunnytoday．Wewentonaschooltrip．
2018年长沙市初中学业水平考试试卷
参考答案
Ⅰ.听力技能
1-5CBBCA^6-10CABBB11-15ACBAC
16-20CACAB
II.知识运用
第一节 语法填空
21-2