2020年临沂市中考英语试题带解析.docx

2020年临沂市初中学业水平考试试题
英语
注意事项：1、本试卷分第I卷(选择题》和第II卷(非选择班)两部分，共8页。满分100分，考试时间100分钟。答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
2、答题注意事项间答题卡，答在本试卷上不得分。
第I卷(选择题共55分)
一、听力测试(共15小题，计15分)注意：听力测试分四部分.共加小题。傲题时，请先将答案两在试卷上，录音内容结束后，将所选答案转涂到答题卡上。
（一）听句子，选择与图画意思一致的选项，每个句子听两遍。

A. B. C.

D. E. F.
1. 　2. 3. 4. 5.
（二） 听对话和问题，根据所听内容，选择最佳答案。对话和问题都读两遍。
6. A. In the classroom.B. At the school theater. C. On the playground.
7. A. She hurt her foot.B. She had a sore back.C. She coughed badly.
8. A. A teacher.B. A dentist.C. A reporter.
9. A. Tina will drive him to schoolB. Mr Green will give him a lift.C. He will go to school by bike.
10. A. On Tuesday.B. On Wednesday.C. On Friday.
（三）听短文，根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误，正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。短文读两遍。听短文前，你们将有20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。
11. Gina and Alice have been pen pals for 77 years.
12. Gina and Alice began to write to each other at the age of 12.
13. Gina is quite different from Alice.
14. Gina and Alice didn't meet until 1987.
15. Gina and Alice still write to each other by e-mail now.
请考生们翻到第5页，先找到第五大题。你们将有5秒钟的准备时间。
二、单项填空(共10小题。计10分)选择最佳答案。
16. —Do you want tea or coffee?
—__________is OK. I really don't mind.
A. Neither B. Both C. Either
16. C考查不定代词的用法。句意：——你要茶还是咖啡？——都可以，我不介意。neither“两者都不”；both“两者都”；either“(两者中的)任何一个”。由答语“really don't mind.”可知是肯定回答，排除A。由系动词is提示选C。Both作主语时，系动词be要用复数形式。
17. Thanks for letting us borrow your camera. We__________it to you next Monday.
A. return B. will return C. have returned
17. B考查动词的时态。句意：谢谢你让我们借你的相机。下周一我们会还给你的。由next Monday提示用一般将来时。故选B。
18. It's hard to turn down a banana. They taste good and you don't have to wash them__________eating them.
A. until B. after C. before
18. C考查介词。句意：很难拒绝一个香蕉。它们味道很好，吃之前不用洗。until“直到……”；after“在……之后”；before“在……之前”。由后面的宾语“eating them”可判断是“在吃之前”，故选C。
19. Only plants and animals that need very little water__________live in a desert.
A. can B. need C. must
19. A考查情态动词。句意：只有需要很少水的植物和动物才能在沙漠中生活。can“能”；need“需要”；must“必须”。根据句意判断选A。
20. Kelly White loves all sports, __________skating.
A. gradually B. seriously C. especially
20. C考查副词的辨析。句意：凯莉·怀特喜欢所有的运动，尤其是溜冰。gradually“逐渐地”；seriously“严重地”；especially“尤其；特别地”。根据句意判断选C。
21. Most of us enjoy__________to our mothers speak, because our brains greatly prefer the voices of our own mothers.
A. listening B. listen C. to listen
21. A 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们大多数人都喜欢听母亲说话，因为我们的大脑非常喜欢自己母亲的声音。enjoy后跟动名词作宾语，enjoy doing sth.“喜欢作某事”。故选A。
22. We will cause less pollution _we can find ways to reuse or recycle more rubbish.
A. unless B. if C. though
22. B考查连词的辨析。句意：如果我们能找到再利用或回收更多垃圾的方法，我们将减少污染。unless“除非；如果不”；if“如果”；though“尽管”。根据句意判断选B。
23. ___________do people greet visitors? Some shake hands. Some say "hello" or "hi". Some kiss.
A. Why B. What C. How
23. C考查疑问词。句意：人们如何向来访者问候？有的人握手，有人说“你好”或“嗨”，有的亲吻。由答语可判断是询问问候方式，因此用How。故选C。
24. We have to ______________the school trip because of the bad weather.
A. put off B. get off C. turn off
24. A考查动词短语的辨析。句意：因为天气不好，我们不得不推迟学校郊游。put off“推迟，拖延”；get off“下车”；turn off“关闭”。由后面的“because of the bad weather”可推知是“推迟郊游活动”。根据句意判断选A。
25. In America, Thanksgiving is a holiday_____________celebrates the love of family.
A. who B./ C. that
25. C考查定语从句的引导词。句意：在美国，感恩节是庆祝家庭之爱的节日。后面的句子修饰名词holiday，判断是定语从句。holiday作先行词，表示“物”，定语从句用that或which引导。因此选C。
三、完形填空(共10小题。计10分)
根据短文内容，从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空，使语意通顺完整。第一个方框供26—30小题选用，第二个方框供31—35小题选用。每个选项只能使用一次，每框有一项剩余。
A. Although B. give their seats C. Since D. were not allowed E. make life better F sold
Martin Luther King, Jr. was born in Georgia in the south of the USA in 1929. In 1954 he began to work in a church (教堂).
All through his life he tried to 26 for African-Americans, whose ancestors came to America from Africa between 1640 and 1798. White people brought them to America in ships, 27 them as slaves (奴隶) and forced them to work. 28 they were set free (自由的) after the American Civil War, their lives didn't change much for a long time. Some people still didn't like them. In the 1950’s, African-Americans 29 to do lots of things in the south of America. They could not walk on the footpath when a white person was on it. They could not eat in restaurants where white people ate. They could not go to the shops that were owned by white people. When they were on a bus, they had to 30 to white people.
A. made a famous speech B. fair C. refused D. in peace E. agreed F. stop riding
In December of 1955, a lady called Rosa Parks 31 to give her seat to a white man. This made the bus driver angry and he called the police. The police took Rosa away. Martin Luther King, Jr. said this was wrong and told people they should stop it. He spoke to lots of people and told them what was happening. He said the law should be 32 and they should be able to do the same things as white people. He called for the African-Americans to 33 on the bus. His idea worked. The bus companies (公司) lost money. In December 1956, the Supreme Court (最高法院) made the city change the rules.
Martin Luther King, Jr. traveled across America to meet lots of important people and told them about the problems. In 1963 he led a big group of African-Americans in Washington. He 34 there. He said he had a dream that black and white people would live together 35 . He was a really important person in history because he changed African-Americans' lives a lot. American people and people around the world remember him for what he has done.
答案: 26._______ 27._______ 28._______ 29._______ 30._______
31._______ 32._______ 33._______ 34._______ 35._______

【主旨大意】这是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了美国黑人民权运动领袖——马丁·路德·金的事迹。他1929年出生于美国南部的佐治亚州，1954年在教堂里工作，1955年为消除种族歧视，发起并领导了对公共汽车的抵制运动。1963年在首都华盛顿发表了《我有一个梦想》的演说。
【答案】26 – 30 EFADB 31 – 35 CBFAD
26. E 考查动词短语。结合选项，由后面的“for African-Americans”可推知句意：在他的一生中，他一直努力让非裔美国人的生活更美好。make life better“使生活更美好”。
27. F 考查动词。结合选项，由后面的“as slaves (奴隶) and forced them to work”可判断句意：把他们当奴隶买卖，强迫他们工作。sold为sell“出售，卖”的过去式。
28. A 考查连词。由后面的句子“they were set free after the American Civil War”可推知句意：虽然他们在美国内战后获得自由，但他们的生活在很长一段时间内并没有发生太大的变化。though意为“虽然”，引导让步状语从句。
29. D 考查被动语态。由下一句“They could not walk on the footpath when a white person was on it.”可推知句意：在20世纪50年代，非洲裔美国人不被允许在美国南部做很多事情were not allowed“不被允许”，为被动语态。
30. B 考查动词短语。由前面的“When they were on a bus”可推知句意：当他们在公共汽车上时，他们不得不把座位让给白人。give their seats意为“让位”。
31. C 考查动词。由后面的“to give her seat to a white man”可推知句意：1955年12月，一位名叫罗莎·帕克斯的女士拒绝把座位让给白人。refuse意为“拒绝”。
32. B 考查形容词。句意：他说法律应当公正，他们应该能做和白人一样的事情。由后面的“they should be able to do the same things as white people”可推知前面是“法律应当公正”。fair意为“公正的”。
33. F 考查动词短语。由后面的句子“The bus companies (公司) lost money.”可推知句意：他呼吁非洲裔美国人停止乘坐公共汽车。stop riding意为“停止坐车”。
34. A 考查动词短语。结合选项判断句意：他在那里作了一个著名的演讲。made a famous speech意为“作演讲”。
35. D 考查介词短语。句意：他说他有一个梦想，那就是黑人和白人和平共处。由前面的“would live together”可推知是“和平共处”。in peace意为“和平地”。
四、阅读理解(共12小题，共计20分）
(一)阅读短文，完成36—39小题。（共4小题，计分4分）
A
Wearing a white blouse, Ai-Da studies her subject and begins to draw. She looks like any artist at work. However, the "beep ... beep ... beep" noise from her arm gives her away. Ai-Da is, in fact, a robot.
Ai-Da has been described as the world's "first Al (人工智能) robot artist". She takes her name from Ada Lovelace, the world's first female computer programmer. Scientists at Oxford University developed Al systems (系统) for Ai-Da. The robot has cameras in her eyeballs. After she has studied a subject, she will use her left arm to draw. Now, Ai-Da can only use a pencil for sketches (素描).The plan is for her to paint.
Ai-Da is not the first Al system to produce artworks. Since 2006, scientists have been developing software (软件) to turn photos into drawings. Last year, an artwork created using Al was sold in New York for$432,500. However, Ai-Da's human-like appearance." brings something new to the field.
In June, Ai-Da opened her first exhibition at Oxford. Then were about 30 drawings by the robot. Ai-Da, standing next to her artworks, attracted (吸引) many visitors.
Ai-Da's inventor, Aidan Meller, talked about the importance of the robot. "Ai-Da bring a new voice to the art world," she said "Al is going to be the big thing of the 2020s. That influences us greatly." Meller hopes the exhibition was just the start and that more will follow to show how AI is influencing human life.
根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用“A”表示.不正确的用“B”表示。
36. Ai-Da is a real artist who helps scientists at Oxford University develop Al systems.
37. Last year, scientists began to develop software to turn photos into drawings.
38. In June, Ai-Da opened her first exhibition at Oxford successfully.
39. Aidan Meller thinks AI is going to influence human life more and more greatly.
【主旨大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。文章介绍了世界上第一位人工智能机器人艺术家。
【答案】36—39 BBAA
【解析】
36.B 细节理解题。根据She looks like any artist at work. However, the "beep ... beep ... beep" noise from her arm gives her away. Ai-Da is, in fact, a robot.可知Ai-Da并不是一位真正的艺术家，而是一位机器人。陈述与原文不符。故选B。
37.B 细节理解题。根据Since 2006, scientists have been developing software (软件) to turn photos into drawings.可知“自2006年以来,科学家们一直在开发软件将照片变成图纸”。陈述与原文不符。故选B。
38.A 细节理解题。根据In June, Ai-Da opened her first exhibition at Oxford.可知“在6月，艾达在牛津大学成功地举办了她的第一个展览。”。陈述与原文相符。故选A。
39.A 细节理解题。根据she said "Al is going to be the big thing of the 2020s. That influences us greatly."可知Aidan Meller认为人工智能将成为21世纪20年代的大事，将对人类的生活影响极大。陈述与原文相近。故选A。
(二)阅读短文，完成40—47小题。（共8小题，计分16分）
B
The longest river in the world is the Nile. It is 4,160 miles long. But the Nile is not the mightiest (浩荡的) river. The Amazon is. The Amazon is also the second longest river in the world. It is 3,900 miles long. How long is that? It is longer than a road going from New York City to San Francisco.
The Amazon is the mightiest for this reason. It has the greatest amount of water. More water runs out to sea than from the Nile. Mississippi, and Yangtze rivers combined. That's a lot of fresh water! The force of its current (水流) is great too. The current can be seen 200 miles out in the sea. There's a story to show the Amazon's amazing current. A ship sailed (航行) far away from Brazil. It ran out of drinking water. Another ship passed by. The first ship asked for water. Someone on the second ship said. "Just put your buckets (桶) into the sea."
Here are a few more facts. At its mouth, the Amazon is 90 miles wide. Even up the river, you can't see the opposite bank. The river is also very deep(from 22 to 76 meters). During rainy season, the river rises about 16 meters more. Big ocean ships can sail about 1,800 miles upstream (向上游). Smaller ships can sail 1,000 miles farther.
What's the most bloodthirsty fish in the world? No. It's not the shark It's the Amazon's piranha.It is only about 10 cm to 20 cm long. It has sharp teeth. Thousands travel in a group. No animal can swim across the river. A 1,000-pound horse would be just bones (骨头) in three minutes. Are you planning a trip to the Amazon? Here's a piece of advice. Leave your swimsuit at home!
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
40. After reading this passage it seems clear that______ _______.
A. people do not drink the Amazon’s water
B. it would not be good to visit the Amazon during rainy season
C. sailing on the Amazon requires a knowledge of its current
41. The writer helps you understand how long the Amazon is by____ ______.
A.telling how long the Nile is B. comparing it to a distance(距离)on land
C. comparing it with the Yangtze River
42. In Paragraph Four, the word“sharp”means“____ _____”in Chinese.
A.锋利的 B.急剧的 C.强烈的
43. The passage mainly tells us______ ______.
A. piranha in the Amazon B. traveling in the Amazon C. interesting facts about the Amazon
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上流量最大、流域面积最广的河流亚马逊河的一些有趣的事实。
【答案】40—42 CBAC
【解析】
40.C 事实推断题。根据第三段Here are a few more facts. At its mouth, the Amazon is 90 miles wide. Even up the river, you can't see the opposite bank. The river is also very deep(from 22 to 76 meters). During rainy season, the river rises about 16 meters more. Big ocean ships can sail about 1,800 miles upstream (向上游). Smaller ships can sail 1,000 miles farther.可知“这里还有一些事实。亚马逊河河口宽90英里。即使溯河而上，你也看不见对岸。河水也非常深(从22米到76米)。在雨季，河水上涨了大约16米。大船只可以上游约1800英里(向上游)。较小的船只可以航行1000英里。”。据此可推断“在亚马逊河上航行需要了解水流知识”。故选C项。
41.B 细节理解题。根据How long is that? It is longer than a road going from New York City to San Francisco.可知作者是通过把它和陆地上的距离做对比来帮你理解亚马逊河有多长的。故选B项。
42.A 词义猜测题。根据 A 1,000-pound horse would be just bones (骨头) in three minutes.可知“一匹1000英镑重的马在三分钟之后将只剩下骨头”，据此可以推测出“亚马逊河的食人鱼牙齿非常锋利”。故选A项。
43.C 主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知本文介绍了关于亚马逊河的一些有趣的事实。故选C项。
C
Wake up, boys and girls! Put up your hand if you try to repair your tired body by sleeping in(睡懒觉)on weekends. A new study says the habit might not be a good idea for your health.
The ten-day study came out in the magazine Current Biology. Volunteers were divided into three groups. The first group enjoyed nine hours' sleep each night. The second group was allowed to sleep only five hours each night. The third group was given five hours' sleep Monday through Friday. 44 But they were put back on the short sleep schedule the next Monday.
Both the second and third groups ate more snacks at night and put on weight. They also saw a decrease (减少) in insulin sensitivity (胰岛素敏感性), a warning sign for diabetes (糖尿病). Researchers have long known a tack (缺乏) of sleep can increase health risks. 45
“Even though people in the third group slept as much as they could on the weekend, it was not enough,” said Dr Kenneth Wright, who led the study. “When they went back to the short sleep schedule the next week, their body failed to control blood sugar. 46
So what should we do if sleeping in over the weekend is not a good choice 47 Cut out the “sleep stealers” such as watching television shows or spending time on computers or mobile phones. Always remember. Getting enough sleep is as important as having good caring habits or doing exercise regularly.
根据短文内容，从方框中选出四个选项填入文中空缺处，使短文内容通顺完整。
A. That was partly because their biological clock (生物钟) had been changed.
B. People can repair their tired body by sleeping in on weekends.
C. But it was surprising that the third group had been worse than the second one.
D. Dr Wright gave advice in two words: sleep longer.
E. And then they were allowed to sleep as much as they liked over a weekend.
44. _______ 　45. _______46._______ 47._______
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文通过刊登在《当代生物学》的一项研究报告说明：睡懒觉是一个对身体不利的坏习惯。
【答案】44-47 ECAD
【解析】
44. E上句中提到“第三组接受实验的人在周一到周五期间只允许只睡五个小时。”这显然导致睡眠不足；E项“然后让他们在周末尽情睡觉。”与上文在时间上和特定语境方面都很衔接。
45. C 由该段解释可知，研究人员早就知道缺乏睡眠会增加健康风险，第三组的体验者在周末睡了懒觉