云南省昆明市2018年中考英语真题试题（含解析）.doc

云南省昆明市2018年中考英语真题试题第二部分 英语知识运用第一节 单项填空从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。1. Hi, Lucy. _ is your birthday?My birthday is on May 2nd.A. What B. Why C. When D. Where【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：-嗨，露西，你的生日是什么时候？-我的生日在五月二日。A.什么B.为什么C.什么时候D.哪里，从答句中看出了生日的具体日期，提问具体日期（什么时候）用疑问词when，故选C。2. Tony, dont eat _ class.Sorry, I wont do it again.A. in B. on C. to D. by【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：-托尼，不要在上课的时候吃东西。-对不起，我不会再这样做了。没有on class 的说法，in class意为“在上课的时候，在课堂上”，介词to（去）和by（通过）在这里不能使用，前句是祈使句，是说不要“在上课中”吃东西，用in class短语表示，故选A。3. How was the volleyball game yesterday?Oh, it was fantastic! We _ so much fun.A. have B. had C. are having D. will have【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：-昨天的排球比赛怎么样？-哦，太棒了！我们玩得很开心。Have fun意为“玩得开心”，have so much fun意为“玩得非常开心”。A是一般现在时动词原形，B是一般过去时，C是现在进行时，D是一般将来时，从前句的yesterday（昨天）得知排球比赛是在昨天，所以是昨天玩得开心，动作发生在过去，需要使用一般过去时，故把have变为过去时had即可，选B。4. What does your brother look like? _ .A. He is outgoing B. He is really tall and thinC. He is a student D. He is in hospital【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：-你的哥哥长什么样？-他是真的又高又瘦。A.他性格外向。B. 他是真的又高又瘦。C.他是一个学生。D.他在住院。句型what do/does sb look like?句型是用来提问某人的外貌的，只有选项B对哥哥的外形进行了描述，故选B。【点睛】注意区分两个形式上相近问句的具体含义的区别， What does he look like ？和 What is he like ？是有一定区别的，What does sb. look like? 用于提问人的长相、外貌，意为“他长得什么样？” “Whats sb. like? ”用于提问人的性格、品质等，意为“他是个什么样的人？”。如果本题改成What is your brother like?，那么选项A（他性格外向）就是可以的。5. After we cleaned up the room, it looked_than before.A. tidier B. tidiest C. worse D. worst【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：在我们打扫干净完房间后，它看起来比以前更整洁了。A.更整洁B.最整洁C.更糟D.最糟糕。than before意为“比起以前”，这里是对房间打扫前后进行比较，是“两者间”的比较，需要使用比较级，排除最高级BD，打扫完应该是“更干净整洁了”，故选A。6. _ I have lost everything in this terrible earthquake, I have not lost my life.A. Because B. So C. Although D. If【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：虽然我在这次可怕的地震中丢掉了所有的东西，我没有丢掉我的生命。A.因为B.所以C.虽然D.如果。这是一个让步状语从句，表示的是“虽然”我什么都丢了，“但是”我还有自己的生命，不存在因果关系或是条件，排除ABD，表示让步选用although表示“虽然”，故选C。【点睛】注意although 与 though的用法区别，一、用作连词都表示“虽然”，两者大致同义，可换用，只是 although比though更为正式。二、用作副词，although 一般不用作副词,而though可用作副词，且一般放在句末(不放在句首)，意为“可是”、“不过”。例句：Its hard work; I enjoy it though.工作很辛苦,可是我乐意干。三、用于习语，在as though (好像,仿佛), even though(即使,纵然)等固定短语中不能用 although。7. The government will take action to _ the problem of heavy extracurricular burdens(课外负担) on primary and middle school students.A. deciding B. decide C. solving D. solve【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：政府将采取行动解决中小学生课外负担重的问题。Take action to do意为“采取行动去做”，decide意为“决定”，solve意为“解决”，solve the problem意为“解决问题”，这里是说“采取行动解决问题”，即take action to solve the problem，故选D。8. Reading a good book makes me happy._. It also helps me a lot.A. I dont think so B. I think soC. Im afraid not D. No way【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：-阅读一本好书让我开心。-我认为是这样。阅读也帮助了我不少。A.我不这样认为B.我认为是这样C.我恐怕不是这样D.没门。从答句看说话人认为阅读帮助了他不少，说明他赞同前句的观点，表示赞同可以说“我认为是这样”，故选B。9. The most beautiful thing about learning is that _ can take it away from you.A. anybody B. somebody C. everybody D. nobody【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：关于学习最美好的事情就是没有人可以把它从你身上夺走。A.任何人B.某人C.每个人D.没有人，这里是在描述学习的美好之处，是说学习到的东西就是自己的，没有任何人可以把它从你身上抢走，表示“没有谁，没有人”用复合不定代词nobody，故选D。10. _ ?Yes, Id like some beef noodles.A. May I take your order B. May I borrow your rulerC. What club do you want to join D. What size would you like【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：-我可以请您点菜了吗？-是的，我想要一些牛肉面。A.我可以请您点菜了吗？B.我可以借你的尺子吗？C.你想要加入什么俱乐部？D.你想要什么尺码？从答句的“我想要牛肉面”猜测对话场景在餐厅，是在点菜的时候发生的，前句是在问“可不可以点菜”，故选A。11. Stephen Hawing, a great scientist, had a strong will. His serious illness never _ him _ living a meaningful and colorful life.A. learned;from B. protected;from C. saved;from D. stopped;from【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：史蒂芬霍金，一位伟大的科学家，有着强大的意志力。他严重的疾病从来没有阻止他度过一段有意义且丰富的人生。learn from是从得知，向学习，是指从某个地方或者人学到知识，protectfrom表示“保护免受”，save A from B 的含义是使A免于受到B的损伤、损失或毁坏，stop sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。这里是在赞扬霍金，说“他的疾病”没有阻止他度过有意义且丰富的人生，用stopfrom结构，故选D。12. Excuse me, could you please tell me _ ?Its on Center Street and across from the bank.A. where can I find the library B. where I can find the libraryC. how far the library is from here D. how far is the library from here【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：-打扰一下，请问您能告诉我在哪能找到图书馆吗？-它在中央大街上，银行对面。Tell me（告诉我）后面是“告诉的内容”，是宾语，如果是句子就是宾语从句，需要使用陈述语序，因此A应改为where I can find the library，D应该改为how far the library is from here，排除AD，选项B意为“我在哪能找到图书馆”，选项C意为“图书馆离这里有多远”，是在问距离，答句中只是描述了具体位置，没有回答具体距离，排除C，所以前句应该是在问图书馆在哪里，故选B。【点睛】总结一些常用的问路的句型：在问路之前，有时要先说上一句Excuse me 以示礼貌,然后再问路，1. Excuse me. Is there a hospital near here? 打扰一下,这附近有医院吗? 2. Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to ? 3. How can I get to ,please? 4. Excuse me. Where is ? 5. Excuse me. Which is the way to , please? 有时会问距离及交通方式：1. How far is it from here? 离这儿有多远? 2. Can I take a bus? 我可以坐公共汽车吗? 3. Which bus shall I take? 我应该坐哪一路车? 4. How can I get there?我怎么去那里?13. Have you watched the movie named Amazing China(厉害了，我的国)?Sure, I have. _ great achievements our country has made!.A. What a B. What an C. What D. How【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：-你看了那部电影厉害了，我的国吗？-当然了，我看过了，我们的国家取得了多么大的成就啊！great是形容词，achievements是名词复数，前面感叹词what后不能再有a/an，排除AB，our country has made是主谓结构，所以本句适合的感叹句句型是what+ adj+名词复数+主谓！，是用来感叹名词的，排除D，故选C。【点睛】本题考查到了感叹句的用法，感叹句通常由what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜 悦、等感情。What用来修饰名词，how用来修饰形容词、副词，感叹句结构主要有以下几种，掌握它的搭配，即掌握了感叹句的重点。How+形容词或副词+主谓！What + a +形容词+单数可数名词+主谓！What+ 形容词+复数名词+主谓！What+形容词+不可数名词+主谓！主谓部分可以省略。14. Lucy is getting to be an old hand at drawing pictures.A. a big hand B. first-hand C. inexperienced D. experienced【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：露西正渐渐开始成为一名画画的老手。A.一只大手B.第一手的C.没有经验的D.有经验的。be an old hand at 意思是：在方面是一个老手，也就是说明在某方面很有经验。所以划线部分可以用形容词“有经验的”experienced来代替，故选D。15. I cant go hiking with you this weekend because I have other fish to fry.A. I have more important things to do B. I have some fish to eatC. Im free D. I need to cook fish【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：这周末我不能和你一起去远足因为我有更多重要的事情要去做。A.我有更多重要的事情要去做B.我有一些鱼要吃C.我有空D.我需要做鱼。从前句看出我不能去远足了，说明“有事要做”，排除C，和“鱼”无关，排除BD，猜测划线部分的意思是“我有更多重要的事情要去做”，故选A。第二节 完形填空从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。Space travel is nothing new. The first spacecraft with a human was sent up_16_space in 1961. Since then, people have not only traveled to space,_17_many of them have lived there in space stations for some time.The Soviet Union(前苏联) sent the_18_space station into space in 1971. This space station was called Salyut 1. Salyut 1_19_as a place where people could live while they observed space and did experiments. The first group of astronauts lived there for 23 days. The Soviet Union went on to make seven more Salyut space stations. At about the same time, the United States had_20_own space station, called Skylab.Astronauts_21_in these space stations for a short time. However, it wasnt until the late 1980s when The Soviet Union sent the Mir space station that people began to live in space for a _22_time. Living in space stations seems to be fun, but astronauts face many problems. One of them_23_ food. All the_24_on space station are put together on Earth and sent there by space shuttle. Because the food has to last a long time (sometimes up to three months), a lot of it has to be stored in cans. The space station does not have a fridge, but it has a cool room to keep fruit and vegetables fresh. Astronauts also eat many other foods_25_dried meat that do not need special care.16. A. into B. with C. of17. A. or B. but C. unless18. A. ones B. one C. first19. A. found B. was built C. was brought20. A. them B. they C. its21. A. lived B. played C. took22. A. more B. shorter C. longer23. A. am B. is C. are24. A. apple B. vegetable C. meals25. A. such as B. at last C. next to【答案】16. A 17. B 18. C 19. B 20. C 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. A【解析】本文的主题是太空航行，介绍了苏联的礼炮空间站的相关情况，讲了宇航员在空间站中的生活情况。【16题详解】句意：第一架载人的飞船于1961年被发射送进了太空。A.进入B.带有C.的，be sent up into space意为：被发射进入太空。故这里选用介词into，选A。【17题详解】句意：从那时起，人们不仅去太空中旅行，而且他们中许多人在空间站中住了很长时间。A.否则B.但是C.除非，not only.but also (also可以省略）是关联词语，意思是：不但而且，这里的but不表示“但是”，而是放在搭配not only.but also中表示“而且”，故选B。【18题详解】句意：前苏联于1971年把第一架空间站送进了太空。A.替代词，替代复数名词B.一C.第一个。空格前面有定冠词the，和序数词first连用表示“第一个，第一架”，排除AB，故选C。【19题详解】句意：礼炮一号被建造成一个人们可以生活并且同时可以观察太空做实验的地方。A.发现B.被建造C.被带来，礼炮一号是空间站，只能是“被建造”，需要使用被动语态，这里是说“被建成为”be built as.，故选B。【20题详解】句意：大约在同一时间，美国有了它的自己的空间站，叫做天空实验室号。A.他们（宾格）B.他们（主格）C.它的，ones own意为“某人自己的”，这里是说“美国自己的”，也就是“它自己的”，即its own，故选C。【21题详解】句意：宇航员短期内住在这些空间站里面。A.居住B.玩C.拿，live in意为“住在里”，这里是在介绍宇航员居住在空间站里，排除BC，故选A。【22题详解】句意：然而，直到20世纪80年代末期，也就是苏联发射和平号空间站的时候，人们才开始在太空中居住更长的时间。A.更多的B.更短的C.更长的，前面讲宇航员在空间站中居住时间短（for a short time），这里是有however（但是）进行了转折，说明自此以后居住的时间相较过去更长（longer）了，使用比较级longer，故选C。【23题详解】句意：它们之一是食物。本句的主语不是I，所以be动词不能用am，排除A，这里的them是问题“problems”，one of加名词复数表示“.中之一”，其后谓语动词要使用单数，所以这里选用be动词的单数形式is，故选B。【24题详解】句意：空间站中所有的饭是在地球上被放在了一起，然后由航天飞机送进空间站。A.苹果B.蔬菜C.饭，这里是在说宇航员的食物来源，宇航员吃的饭（meals）是在地面上制作好，放在一起后被送进太空的，meals应该包括了水果和蔬菜，所以AB不全面，排除AB，故选C。【25题详解】句意：宇航员也吃许多其他的食物，例如不需要特别关心的干肉。A.例如B.最后C.在旁边，这里是在引出“其他的食物”，举了“干肉”的例子，用such as表示“例如”，故选A。第三部分 阅读理解 根据短文内容,判断正误(正确“T”,错误“F”),并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。Disney has made many cartoon movies. The princesses in the movies are often girls favorite characters. From Snow White to Moana, every princess leaves a deep impression on people. However, have you noticed that Disney princess are changing?In the early Disney cartoon movies, princesses like Snow White, Cinderella and Aurora from Sleeping Beauty are usually good-looking and kind-hearted. But they have to depend on others to get out of trouble and find happiness. They end up living happily with their princes.Now, people still love those princesses, but more and more girls know they have to fight for their own happiness. Disney has noticed the change. So the princesses in its newer movies dont just have good looks.Merida from Brave is a good example. She was born as a princess and she likes going on adventures. She spends her days practicing archery(射箭术), riding her horse and experiencing the world around her. She loves her family, but she wants to take control of her own life.Some times ago, Disney even put up their “10 new rules for being a modern princess”. The rules include: Care for others; Live healthily; Dont judge a book by its cover; Be honest; Be a friend you can trust; Believe in yourself; Right wrongs; Try your best; Be loyal and Never give up.None of the rulers are about the looks of a princess. Anyway, ones beauty is more valuable. Dont you think so?26. Snow White is a good-looking and kind-hearted girl.27. All Disney princesses can get out of difficulty and find happiness by themselves.28. The princesses in Disneys newer movies just have good looks.29. Merida wants to take control of her own life.30. Disney has found it more valuable to have inner beauty than to just have good looks.【答案】26. T 27. F 28. F 29. T 30. T【解析】电影中的公主往往是女孩最喜欢的角色，本文简单介绍了迪士尼系列电影中公主形象内涵的变化，说明现在迪士尼更加关注的是公主的内在美，而非只是关注其外表的美丽。【26题详解】句意：白雪公主是一个漂亮善良的女孩。原文“In the early Disney cartoon movies, princesses like Snow White, Cinderella and Aurora from Sleeping Beauty are usually good-looking and kind-hearted.”（在早期的迪士尼卡通电影中，像是白雪公主、灰姑娘和睡美人中的爱洛通常都是漂亮善良的公主。）说明白雪公主是一个漂亮善良的女孩。原陈述正确，故选T。【27题详解】句意：所有的迪士尼公主都能走出困境，自己找到幸福。原文“But they have to depend on others to get out of trouble and find happiness.”（但是她们不得不依赖别人来走出困境找到幸福。）说明迪士尼公主不是自己走出困境找到幸福的，原陈述错误，故选F。【28题详解】句意：迪士尼的更新的电影中的公主有着好看的外表。原文“So the princesses in its newer movies dont just have good looks.”（所以在它更新的电影中的公主不只是有好看的外表）说明迪士尼的更新的电影中的公主并不只是有着好看的外表。原陈述错误，故选F。【29题详解】句意：美利达想要掌控她自己的生活。原文“She loves her family, but she wants to take control of her own life.”（她爱她的家人，但她想控制自己的生活。）说明原陈述正确，故选T。【30题详解】句意：迪士尼已经发现有内在美比只有美貌更重要。原文“None of the rulers are about the looks of a princess. Anyway, ones beauty is more valuable”（没有哪一条规则是关于公主的外表的。），结合前文提出的10条规则，都是关于一个人的内在美的，说明迪士尼现在发现内在美更比简单的外貌好看要更重要，故原陈述正确，选T。第二节 根据短文内容,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。AThirteen-year-old Cindy had been bullied(欺凌) at school for about two years. Her bag, keys and mobile phone had been stolen. She had also been knocked off her bicycle, kicked and punched(以拳重击). Cindy tried to fight back, but it always seemed to be her, not the bullies, who got into trouble. She became so afraid of going to school that she started to be absent from her classes. Finally, her headmaster set up a special plan, asking students to look after one another. He gave Cindy the courage to play the guitar in a school concert, Which gave Cindy new confidence and helped her respect from the other students. Gradually, the bullying began to stop. Cindys story is not uncommon, but help is always there. All students in the UK now have to follow strict bullying policies(政策). There are many charities and organizations giving support to young people, such as BullyingUK and Childine. So remember one very important piece of advice: If you are being bullied, dont put up with it tell someone.31. How old was Cindy when she was first bullied?A. About 7 years old. B. About 9 years old.C. About 11 years old. D. About 13 years old.32. Why was Cindy absent from her classes?A. Because she couldnt deal with her troubleB. Because she was afraid of her teachers.C. Because she liked playing.D. Because she had to work.33. How did Cindy receive respect?A. By fighting back. B. By setting up a special plan.C. By playing the guitar in a school concert. D. By asking an organization for help.34. The underlined phrase put up with in the last paragraph mean _ .A. stand B. refuse C. notice D. miss35. What is the best title for the passage?A. Disadvantages of bullying B. Bullying policiesC. Leave bullying alone D. Say no to bullying【答案】31. C 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D【解析】这篇文章引述了一名叫辛迪的学生被欺凌的遭遇，最后在校长的帮助下她重拾了同学的尊重，重获了自信心，作者的目的是想表达如果要是遭遇欺凌，就要勇敢说“不”。【31题详解】句意：辛迪第一次被欺负时多大了？A.大约7岁。B.大约9岁。C.大约11岁。D.大约13岁。原文“Thirteen-year-old Cindy had been bullied(欺凌) at school for about two years.”（十三岁的辛迪在学校被欺凌了大约两年。）说明辛迪是大约在11岁时就开始被欺凌了，故选C。【32题详解】句意：为什么辛迪缺席上课？A.因为她无法解决她的麻烦B.因为她害怕她的老师C.因为她喜欢玩D.因为她必须工作。原文“She became so afraid of going to school that she started to be absent from her classes. ”（她变得害怕上学，以至于她开始缺课。），说明她缺课的原因是害怕在学校被欺凌，也就是她被欺凌这件事没有得到解决，她仍然还有麻烦，故选A。【33题详解】句意：辛迪是如何受到尊重的？A.通过反击。B.通过制定一项特别计划。C.在学校音乐会上弹吉他。D.通过向组织寻求帮助。原文“He gave Cindy the courage to play the guitar in a school concert, Which gave Cindy new confidence and helped her respect from the other students.”（他给了辛迪在学校音乐会上弹吉他的勇气，这让辛迪有了新的信心并得到了其他学生的尊重。）说明她受到尊重的方式是在学校音乐会上弹吉他，故选C。【34题详解】句意：在最后一段中加下划线的短语“put up with”的意思是“忍受”。A.忍受B.拒绝C.注意到D.想念。原文“If you are being bullied”意为“如果你被欺凌了”，后面的建议是“tell someone”（告诉某人），说明如果被欺凌就不要忍受，猜测短语put up with的意思就是“忍受”，stand有“忍耐，忍受”的意思，故选A。【35题详解】句意：这篇文章的最佳标题