小学英语语法及配套习题总结.docx

一、名词复数规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives5．不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children ，foot-feet,.tooth-teeth ，fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
写出下列各词的复数I _________him _________this ___________her ______watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______day________ foot________ book_______ dress _____tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________

二、一般现在时

一般现在时基本用法介绍  
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成
1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：  I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：  We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
一般现在时的变化  
1. be动词的变化。
否定句主语+ be + not +其它。  如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。  一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。  如：-Are you a student?      -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?
2.行为动词的变化。
否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?   - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?   - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.   特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?
动词+s的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies

一般现在时用法专练
一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________look _________ have_______ pass_______  carry ___     _come________      watch______ plant_______ fly ________study_______ brush do_________     teach_______
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.He often ________(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?6. What _______they often ____do) on Saturdays?7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
20. －What day _______(be) it today? － It’s Saturday.
三、按照要求改写句子
1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________
2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)__________________________________
3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答) ___________________________
4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)___________________________________________________
5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句) _______________________________________________________
6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________
7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)________________________________________________________
8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问) ___________________________________________________
9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)________________________________________________________
10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________
四、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)
1. Is  your brother speak English?  ________________
2. Does he likes going fishing?      ______
3. He likes play games after class.  __________________
4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.  __________________
5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________

三、现在进行时

1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.
3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词 + be + 主语 + 动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词 + be + 动词ing?
动词加ing的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting
3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping
现在进行时专项练习：
一、写出下列动词的现在分词：
play________ run___ swim _________make__________go_________ like________     write________ _ski___________read________ have_________ sing     ________ dance_________put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________live_______ take_________ come ________     get_________stop_________ sit ________ begin____ shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
1. The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food   now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s     5     o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
三、句型转换：
1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)___________________________________________________________
3．I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)_________________________________________________________________
4．Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)

四、将来时
一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year„),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。
二、基本结构：
①be going to + do；②will+ do.
三、否定句：
在be动词（am, is, are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。例如：I’m going to have a picnic thisafternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.
四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
1. 问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon.
2. 问干什么。What „ do.例如：My father is going to watch a race with me this    afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.
3.问什么时候。When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going     to bed?
六、同义句：
be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = Iwill go swimming tomorrow.
练习：填空。
1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday? I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.
3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_____ your mother _______ go shopping this ___________?Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.
4.你们打算什么时候见面。What time _______ you _________ __________ meet? 改句子。
5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy ________ going to go camping.6.I’ll go and join them.（改否定） I _______ go ______ join them.
7.I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?
8.We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.
9.She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?
10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) _________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow