2021年浙江省高考英语【1月】（含解析版）.doc

2021年1月浙江省普通高校招生学考科目考试英语试题及答案第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19. 15. B. 9. 18. C. 9. 15. 答案是C。1. What did the woman do yesterday?A. She played football. B. She watched a game. C She worked in the lab. 2. What will the weather be like tomorrow evening?A. Cloudy. B. Rainy. C. Windy. 3. What will Jack do this weekend?A. Go on a school trip. B. Have a family picnic. C. Prepare for an exam. 4. Why does the man make the call?A. To arrange a meeting. B. To cancel a visit. C. To ask for assistance. 5. How does the man feel now?A. Refreshed. B. Anxious. C. Sleepy. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Husband and wife. B. Hostess and guest. C. Chef and customer. 7. What is the man most likely to have for dinner?A. French fries. B. Ham sandwiches. C. Fish and vegetables. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. Where will George go after the business trip?A. Milan. B. Rome. C. Florence. 9. What is banned in Florence?A. Eating in the street. B. Dressing up as soldiers. C. Singing on public transport. 10. What does George think of the new rules?A Theyre effective. B. Theyre timely. C. Theyre reasonable. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. Why does Ms. McDaniel talk to Frank?A. He missed a speech. B. He failed to pass a test. C. He wanted to drop a class. 12. How would Ms. McDaniels students react if a speaker made a mistake?A. laugh at the speaker. B. Sympathize with the speaker. C. Persuade the speaker to try again. 13. How does Ms. McDaniel sound?A. Optimistic. B. Humorous. C. Encouraging. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14. What makes the man surprised?A. The number of job applicants. B. The experience of employees. C. The candidates language skills. 15. How many candidates are the speakers going to meet?A. 2. B. 12. C. 20. 16. What do the speakers talk about at the end of the conversation?A. Job description. B. Interview procedure. C. Candidates background. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What did Gallo receive yesterday?A. A call from her sister. B. A bottle from her aunt. C. A letter from a stranger. 18. Where did the fisherman find the bottle?A. On Monhegan Island. B. At Cumberland. C. In Spain. 19. How old was Gallo when she threw out the bottle?A Fight. B. Eleven. C. Fourteen. 20. Where is the bottle now?A. In the ocean. B. At Gallos home. C. With the fisherman. 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2. 5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和ID四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AMore than 25 years ago, Saroo Brierley lived in rural（农村）India. One day, he played with his brother along the rail line and fell asleep. When he woke up and found himself alone, the 4-year-old decided his brother might be on the train he saw in front of him-so he got on. That train took him a thousand miles across the country to a totally strange city. He lived on the streets, and then in an orphanage（孤儿院）. There, he was adopted by an Australian family and flown to Tasmania. As he writes in his new book, A Long Way Home, Brierley couldnt help but wonder about his hometown back in India. He remembered landmarks, but since he didnt know his towns name, finding a small neighborhood in a vast country proved to be impossible. Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his hometown in the programs satellite pictures. In 2011, he came across something familiar. He studied it and realized he was looking at a towns central business district from a birds-eye view. He thought, “On the right-hand side you should see the three-platform train station”and there it was. And on the left-hand side you should see a big fountain-and there it was. Everything just started to match. When he stood in front of the house where he grew up as a child, he saw a lady standing in the entrance. Theres something about me, he thoughtand it took him a few seconds but he finally remembered what she used to look like. In an interview Brierley says, My mother looked so much shorter than I remembered. But she came forth and walked forward, and I walked forward, and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, you know, it was like a nuclear fusion（核聚变）. I just didnt know what to say, because I never thought seeing my mother would ever come true. And here I am, standing in front of her. ”1. Why was Brierley separated from his family about 25 years ago?A. He got on a train by mistake.B. He got lost while playing in the street.C. He was taken away by a foreigner.D. He was adopted by an Australian family.2. How did Brierley find his hometown?A. By analyzing old pictures.B. By travelling all around India.C. By studying digital mapsD. By spreading his story via his book.3. What does Brierley mainly talk about in the interview?A. His love for his mother.B. His reunion with his mother.C. His long way back home.D. His memory of his hometown.【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了布尔利小时候意外走失，长大后通过自己努力找回家人的故事。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“When he woke up and found himself alone: the 4-year-old decided his brother might be on the train he saw in front of him-so he got on.(当他醒来发现自己一个人时：4岁的孩子判断他哥哥可能在他前面看到的火车上，所以他上了车)”以及第二段中“That train took him a thousand miles across the country to a totally strange city.(那列火车把他带到了一个千里迢迢之外的陌生城市）”可知，布尔利在25年前和家人分开是因为他误上了火车。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第四段“Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his hometown in the programs satellite pictures.(然后他找到了一个数字地图程序。他花了数年时间在该节目的卫星图片中寻找家乡)”以及“Everything just started to match.(一切都开始匹配了）”可知，布尔利是通过研究数字地图找到家乡的。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“In an interview Brierley says: “My mother looked so much shorter than I remembered. But she came forth and walked forward, and I walked forward, and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, you know: it was like nuclear fusion（核聚变）. just didnt know what to say: because I never thought seeing my mother would ever come true. And here I am, standing in front of her.(在一次采访中，布尔利说：“我妈妈看起来比我记忆中矮多了。但是她走了出来，朝我走来，我也向着她走去，我的感情、眼泪和大脑里的化学物质，你知道的：就像发生了核聚变。只是不知道该说些什么：因为我从没想过见到我母亲会成为现实。我就在这里，站在她面前。)”可知，作者在采访中讲述了他和母亲的团聚。故选B项。BAt the start of the 20th century, an American engineer named John Elfreth Watkins made predictions about life today. His predictions about slowing population growth, mobile phones and increasing height were close to the mark. But he was wrong in one prediction: that everybody would walk 10 miles a day. Today, in Australia, most children on average fall 2, 000 steps short of the physical activity they need to avoid being overweight. In the early 1970s, 40 per cent of children walked to school, while in 2010, it was as low as 15 per cent. The decline is not because we have all become lazy. Families are pressed for time, many with both parents working to pay for their house, often working hours not of their choosing, living in car-dependent neighborhoods with limited public transport. The other side of the coin is equally a deprivation: for health and well-being, as well as lost opportunities（机会）for children to get to know their local surroundings. And for parents there are lost opportunities to walk and talk with their young scholar about their day. Most parents will have eagerly asked their child about their day, only to meet with a “good”, quickly followed by Im hungry. This is also my experience as a mother. But somewhere over the daily walk more about my sons day comes out. I hear him making sense of friendship and its limits. This is the unexpected and rare parental opportunity to hear more. Many primary schools support walking school-bus routes（路线）, with days of regular, parent-accompanied walks. Doing just one of these a few times a week is better than nothing. It can be tough to begin and takes a little planning-running shoes by the front door, lunches made the night before, umbrellas on rainy days and hats on hot ones-but its certainly worth trying.4. Why does the author mention Watkins predictions in the first paragraph?A. To make comparisons.B. To introduce the topic.C. To support her argument.D. To provide examples.5. What has caused the decrease in Australian childrens physical activity?A. Plain laziness.B. Health problems.C. Lack of time.D. Security concerns.6. Why does the author find walking with her son worthwhile?A. She can get relaxed after work.B. She can keep physically fit.C. She can help with her sons study.D. She can know her son better.【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过否定沃特金斯的预言，进而提出现在人们时间的紧缺和陪伴的重要性。【4题详解】推理判断题。通过文章第二段“Today: in Australia: most children on average fall 2: 000 steps short of the physical activity they need to avoid being overweight. In the early 1970s, 40 percent of children walked to school while in 2010, it was as low as15 percent.(今天：在澳大利亚：大多数孩子平均比避免超重所需的体力活动少了2000步。在上世纪70年代初，40%的孩子步行上学，而在2010年，这一比例降至15%)”说明作者根据沃特金斯的预言做了相关调查，并且写下了这篇文章。通读全文得知作者在第一段提到沃特金斯的预言，是为了介绍文章主题。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第三段中“Families are pressed for time: many with both parents working to pay for their house, often working hours not of their choosing, living in car-dependent neighborhoods with limited public transport.(家庭时间紧迫：许多家庭的父母都在为房子买单而工作，工作时间往往不是他们自己选择的，他们住在公共交通有限的依赖汽车的社区)”可知，导致澳大利亚儿童体育活动的减少的原因是时间不够。故选C项。【6题详解】细节理解题。通过文章倒数第二段中“But somewhere over the daily walk more about my sons day comes out. I hear him making sense of friendship and its limits. This is the unexpected and rare parental opportunity to hear more.(但是，在每天散步的某个地方，更多关于我儿子日常的事情出现了。我听到他在理解友谊及其局限性。这是一个意想不到的难得的机会，家长听到更多)”说明作者觉得和儿子一起散步能让她更了解她的儿子。故选D项。CResearchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees (黑猩猩) use to communicate. They say wild chimps communicate 19 specific messages to one another with a vocabulary of 66 gestures. The scientists discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in Uganda, and examining more than 5,000 incidents of these meaningful exchanges. Dr Catherine Hobaiter, who led the research, said that this was the only form of intentional communication to be recorded in the animal kingdom. Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member. Thats whats so amazing about chimp gestures, she said. Theyre the only thing that looks like human language in that respect. ”Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys can understand complex information from another animals call, the animals do not appear to use their voices intentionally to communicate messages. This was a significant difference between calls and gestures, Dr Hobaiter said. Chimps will check to see if they have the attention of the animal with which they wish to communicate. In one case, a mother presents her foot to her crying baby, signaling: Climb on me. The youngster immediately jumps on to its mothers back and they travel off together. The big message from this study is that there is another species (物种) out there. that is meaningful in its communication, so thats not unique to humans, said Dr Hobaiter. Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were a little disappointing. The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we are still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions, she said. Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animal convey with non-verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains. 7. What do chimps and humans have in common according to Dr Hobaiter?A. Memorizing specific words.B. Understanding complex information.C. Using voices to communicate.D. Communicating messages on purpose.8. What did Dr Shultz think of the study?A. It was well designed but poorly conducted.B. It was a good try but the findings were limited.C. It was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable.D. It was a failure but the methods deserved praise.9. What does the underlined word gulf in the last paragraph mean?A. Difference.B. Conflict.C. Balance.D. Connection.10. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Chimpanzee behaviour study achieved a breakthroughB. Chimpanzees developed specific communication skillsC. Chimpanzees: the smartest species in the animal kingdomD. Chimpanzee language: communication gestures translated【答案】7. D 8. B 9. A 10. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家们通过跟踪和拍摄乌干达的黑猩猩群，翻译出了黑猩猩用来交流的手势含义。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.（她说，只有人类和黑猩猩有一个交流系统，他们故意向其他成员发送信息）”可知，根据Dr Hobaiter，黑猩猩和人类的共同点在于故意传递信息，故选D。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were“a little disappointing”（曼彻斯特大学的进化生物学家苏珊娜舒尔茨博士说，这项研究是值得称赞的，它试图丰富我们对人类语言进化的知识。但是，她补充说，结果“有点令人失望”）”可知，这项研究是一个好的尝试，但是发现的结果是有限的。故选B。【9题详解】词义猜测题。首先根据第三段中的“Theyre the only thing that looks like human language in that respect.（在这方面，它们是唯一看起来像人类语言的东西）”可知，黑猩猩的手势交流很像我们人类语言的交流方式。但是根据最后一段中的“Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animals convey with non-verbal communications.（此外，这些含义似乎并不超越其他动物通过非语言交流所传达的信息）”可知，黑猩猩手势的交流方式还是和我们语言的交流方式存在不同的，也就是“So, it seems the gulf remains.（所以，看来差异依然存在）”，故gulf的意思是difference，故选A。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees use to communicate.（研究人员表示，他们已经翻译出了野生黑猩猩用来交流的手势的含义）”以及文章对这方面的讨论可知，文章主要讲科学家们对黑猩猩手势的研究及一些成果，所以D项：黑猩猩语言：翻译出来的交流手势，这一题目涵盖文章的内容。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water. You get what you need, head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest. You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot. _11_It turns out, its just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is fas