高中英语被动语态知识点归纳超级精简版.docx

高中英语被动语态知识点归纳超级精简版

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单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)
1、The thief was caught stealing money from the shop and ______ by the local police at the moment.
A．was questionedB．had questioned
C．is being questionedD．has been questioned
答案：C
解析：
考查时态和语态。句意：小偷在商店偷钱被抓，目前正在接受当地警方的讯问。分析句意可知，根据句中时间状语at the moment，句意阐述当前正在进行的动作，谓语动词用现在进行时；主语The thief和谓语动词question之间是被动关系，谓语动词应用被动语态形式；综上分析，该空应该用现在进行时被动语态形式is being questioned。故选C项。
2、It has been reported by the weatherman that a rain shower ________ this evening in the south of the province.
A．is expectedB．expectsC．expectedD．was expected
答案：A
解析：
考查时态语态。句意：据气象预报员报告，该省南部今晚预计有阵雨。从句陈述客观事实用一般现在时，且主语与谓语构成被动关系，为一般现在时的被动语态，主语为a rain shower，谓语用单数。故选A。
3、Sorry.   At no time _____ in this building, sir.
A．is smoking permittedB．smoking is permitted
C．does smoking permitD．smoking does permit
答案：A
解析：
考查倒装。句意：对不起，先生，在这个大楼里绝不允许抽烟。主语smoking和permit之间是被动关系，需要用被动语态is permitted；否定短语at no time意思为“绝不”，置于句首时句子要用部分倒装结构，将is提前。故选A项。
4、Your bed requires ____ I'm afraid.
A．to cleanB．cleaningC．being cleanedD．clean
答案：B
解析：
考查主动表示被动。句意：恐怕你的床需要清理一下了。sth require doing sth表示“某物需要被......”，require表示“需要”时，后面加doing表示被动，故选B项。
5、Tom has got a watch. He ______ it for two years. It _______ by his father.
A．has bought; was boughtB．has got; is bought C．was bought; has boughtD．has had; was bought
答案：D
解析：
考查动词时态及语态。句意：汤姆有一块手表。他已经戴两年了。那块表是他父亲买的。第一空，时间状语“for two years”表明用现在完成时，buy和get是瞬间动词，不能与完成时连用，需用延续性动词have，故第一空填has had；第二空，It 与buy之间是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态，故第二空填was bought。故选D。
6、It is reported that many a new house at present in the disaster area.
A．is being builtB．is builtC．are being builtD．have been built
答案：A
解析：
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：据报道，目前灾区正在修建许多新房子。分析句子可知，It is reported that意为“据报道”，It在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。根据at present（目前）可知修建房子的动作正在进行，应用现在进行时，house和build之间为逻辑上的被动关系，即房子被修建，故应用现在进行时的被动语态，句式为“主语+am/is/are being done”，many a+可数名词单数”，意为“许多”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，故用is，build的过去分词为built，故填is being built。故选A项。
7、The living conditions ________ by the country in the past ten years.
A．have been improvedB．were improvedC．are improvedD．have improved
答案：A
解析：
考查动词时态及语态。句意：在过去的十年里，生活条件得到了国家的改善。句子主语The living conditions和谓语动词improve之间是被动关系，再根据时间状语in the past ten years可知，句子用现在完成时的被动语态。故选A。
8、Only in the last few years have scientists and teachers begun to understand learning disabilities and ________.
A．how can they be dealt withB．what they can be dealt with
C．how they can be dealt withD．what can they be dealt with
答案：C
解析：
考查宾语从句的语序。句意：直到最近几年，科学家和教师才开始了解学习障碍以及如何处理它们。空格处与前面的“learning disabilities”并列均作understand的宾语，宾语从句要用陈述语序，且deal with和how连用，do with和what连用，故选C。
9、Oetzi, the 5,000-year-old “Iceman”, ________on the alpine border between Italy and Austria in 1991.
A．was discoveringB．was discovered
C．had been discoveredD．discovered
答案：B
解析：
考查时态和语态。句意：1991年，在意大利和奥地利之间的高山边境上，人们发现了有5000年历史的“冰人”Oetzi。分析句子结构，主语是Oetzi，谓语动词是discover，两者是被动关系，应用被动语态。根据时间状语in 1991，可知此处表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，即一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用was，故选B项。
10、Which of the following sentences is correct?
A．You can also explore Frick’s beautiful home and garden which are very worth a visit.
B．It is amazing that so many great works of art from the late 19th century to the 21st century are housed in the same museum.
C．There are various reasons that people write poetry.
D．The language is concrete but imaginative, and they are delighted small children because they rhyme, have strong rhythm and a lot of repetition.
答案：B
解析：
考查固定搭配、定语从句和时态语态。A项句意：您还可以探索弗里克美丽的家和花园，非常值得一游。在表示“非常值得做”时，我们使用固定结构be well worth (doing) sth.由此句中的very使用错误，应该用副词well修饰。故A项错误。C项句意：人们写诗有各种各样的原因。在定语从句中先行词为reasons在从句中做原因状语，所以需要用关系副词why引导限制性定语从句。故C项错误。D项句意：语言是具体的但富有想象力，这使得小孩子快乐，因为他们押韵、节奏感强并且较多重复。在and的并列句中，主语they和谓语动词delight(使……高兴)之间是主动关系，根据前文“The language is concrete”可知应该用they delight small children一般现在时的主动形式。故C项错误。故B项正确，句意：令人惊奇的是，从19世纪末到21世纪的许多伟大的艺术作品都被收藏在同一个博物馆里。故此题选B。
11、Technology giants are fighting for their future as consumers switch their loyalties from personal computers to mobile devices. By 2025, 5 billion people_________ to be carrying around the tiny computers in their pockets.
A．are expectedB．will be expected
C．have been expectedD．will have been expected
答案：A
解析：
考查时态和语态。句意：随着消费者从个人电脑转向移动设备，科技巨头们正在为自己的未来而战。到2025年，预计将有50亿人随身携带这种微型电脑。expect期待，与主语people构成动宾关系，句子用被动语态，根据句意可知，“50亿人被期待随身携带微型电脑”是一般的预测，用一般现在时的被动语态，构成be+done结构，主语为复数，be动词用are。B. will be expected一般将来时的被动语态；C. have been expected现在完成时的被动语态；D. will have been expected将来完成时的被动语态。故选A。
12、________ in a tiny cabinet were four Mother’s Day poems I’d written for her in the 1960s.
A．HiddenB．HidingC．Being hiddenD．To be hidden
答案：A
解析：
考查被动语态及倒装句。句意为:在一个小柜子里,藏着四首我在20世纪60年代为她写的母亲节诗。分析句子可知,本句是一个表语提前的全部倒装句，诗被藏在小柜子里，所以要用被动语态。故选A。
13、The cloth ________ fine, but ________ well.
A．looks; doesn’t washB．looks; isn’t washed
C．is looked; doesn’t washD．is looked; isn’t washed
答案：A
解析：
考查动词语态。句意：这块布看起来很好，但不太好洗。系动词look“看起来”没有被动语态，动词wash“耐洗”是不及物动词且与副词 well ,easily ,slowly,quickly 连用，此时用主动表被动。两空均为主动语态。故选A项。
14、All the preparations for the task ________, and we’re ready to start.
A．completedB．complete
C．had been completedD．have been completed
答案：D
解析：
考查时态和语态。句意：这项任务的所有准备工作已经完成，我们准备开始了。由下文“we’re ready to start”可知，这项任务的所有准备工作已经完成，所以我们准备开始了，此处表示“完成”这个动作从过去开始持续到现在，对现在造成了影响，所以应用现在完成时，且主语All the preparations for the task(这项任务的所有准备工作)和动词complete(完成)二者之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动have/has been done，且主语是复数，complete的过去分词为completed，所以应用have been completed，故选D。
15、Large quantities of information, as well as timely help________ to us over the past 2 years.
A．have been offeredB．has been offered
C．was offeredD．had been offered
答案：A
解析：
考查主谓一致和时态语态。句意：在过去的2年里，为我们提供了大量的信息和及时的帮助。根据后文“over the past 2 years”可知用现在完成时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态；as well as连接并列主语，谓语动词应根据其前面部分主语的人称和数来确定，主语“Large quantities of+不可数名词”是复数意义，助动词用have。故选A。
16、He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he was ________.
A．to followB．being followedC．to be followedD．following
答案：B
解析：
考查动词语态。句意：他匆匆赶回家，没有回头看看是否有人跟踪他。从句中表示过去某个时刻正在发生的动作应用过去进行时，且follow与he构成被动关系，应用过去进行时的被动语态。故选B。
17、The crime ______ looked into carefully before he ______ charged with murder.
A．/; /B．/; wasC．was; /D．was; was
答案：D
解析：
考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：在他被指控谋杀之前，这起罪行被仔细调查。 分析句子可知，主语The crime与谓语动词looked into是被动关系，主语是第三人称单数，故第一空填was；第二空主语he与谓语动词charge是被动关系，由charged以及主语he是第三人称单数推断填was。故选D。
小提示：
18、The flowers _________ sweet attract the visitors to the beauty of nature, which _________ in the botanic garden last year.
A．to smell; grewB．smell; were grown
C．smelling; were grownD．smelt; were growing
答案：C
解析：
考查非谓语动词和动词时态语态。句意：这些花闻起来很香，吸引了游客去欣赏大自然的美景，这些花是去年在植物园里种植的。第一空，分析可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，排除B项；smell“闻起来”是系动词，没有被动语态，不用过去分词smelt表达被动含义，排除D项；动词不定式 to smell 表将来，不符合句意，排除A项；所以应用现在分词短语 smelling sweet 作为 flowers 的定语；第二空，动词grow“种植”和主语之间是被动关系，根据时间状语last year,应使用一般过去时的被动语态 were grown。故选C项。
19、Only when _______ his homework ________to play with his friends.
A．has he finished; is he allowedB．he has finished; is he allowed
C．has he finished; he is allowedD．he has finished; he is allowed
答案：B
解析：
考查时态、语态和部分倒装。句意：他只有做完作业后，才允许和朋友们玩。分析句子可知，本句为：only+时间状语从句+部分倒装句。时间状语从句，表示的是过去动作对现在造成的影响，所以从句为现在完成时。倒装部分陈述一般的事实，且主语与谓语为被动关系，所以倒装句为一般现在时的被动语态。故选B项。
20、I didn’t go to Li Ming’s birthday party, because I________.
A．don’t inviteB．didn’t inviteC．am not invitedD．wasn’t invited
答案：D
解析：
考查时态语态。句意：我没去参加李明的生日聚会，因为我没受到邀请。A. don’t invite 不邀请（一般现在时，主动时态）；B. didn’t invite没邀请（一般过去时，主动语态）；C. am not invited 没被邀请（一般现在时，被动语态）；D. wasn’t invited未被邀请（一般过去时，被动语态）。该空动词invite作谓语，根据主句didn't可知，聚会已结束，主语I，谓语动词invite应使用一般过去时态，被动语态。故选D项。
21、Over the past 3 years, more than one book about space exploration ________ all over the world.
A．were publishedB．was published
C．have been publishedD．has been published
答案：D
解析：
考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的三年里，不止一本关于太空探索的书在世界各地出版。根据时间状语“Over the past 3 years”可知，此处为现在完成时，主语 more than one book和publish为被动关系，使用被动语态，主语为more than one book，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故选D。
22、A new cinema________in the city last year.
A．builtB．was builtC．was buildingD．is built
答案：B
解析：
考查被动语态。句意：去年这座城市建了一座新电影院。由时间状语 last year可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，排除选项C和D；由空前主语cinema可知，因为电影院是被修建的，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done，主语是单数，所以be动词需用was。故选B。
23、The mail was for two days because of the heavy snows.
A．held outB．held upC．held backD．held onto
答案：B
解析：
考查动词短语辨析。句意：邮件因为大雪被耽搁了两天。A held out坚持；B held up被耽搁了；C held back退缩了；D held onto坚持住。根据because of the heavy snows可推知，邮件“被耽搁动词短语hold up意为“耽搁”，又因为主语是mail，与hold up之间是被动关系，因此使用被动语态，谓语动词应该用过去分词形式held up。故选择B项。
24、The boy _________ to take care of his bike, because it needs _________.
A．was told; to repairB．told ; to be repaired
C．told ; repairingD．is told; repairing
答案：D
解析：
考查时态、语态和动名词。句意：这个男孩被告知要照看他的自行车，因为它需要修理。第一空缺乏谓语，由后面谓语needs 可知，此处时态也用一般现在时，主语The boy 和谓语动词tell是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态is told；it 和动词 repair是被动关系，结合固定搭配need doing sth.（某事需要被做），第二空用动名词（doing）形式。故选D项。
25、_____, the text became easier for us to learn.
A．When new words were explainedB．Explaining new words
C．New words explainingD．Being explained new words
答案：A
解析：
考查状语从句。句意：生词解释后，课文对我们来说就容易学了。分析可知，空处在句中做状语。new words和explain之间为动宾关系，所以如果用状语从句作状语，则句中要用被动语态；如果用独立主格结构作状语，则explain要用过去分词表被动，综上，只有A项的时间状语从句表述正确。故选A。
26、Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western Culture, but when and where _________ yet.
A．hasn’t been decidedB．haven’t decided
C．isn’t being decidedD．aren’t decided
答案：A
解析：
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：James教授将会给我做一个关于西方文化的演讲，但是何时何地还没有确定。句子的主语是when and where指一件事情的两个方面，仍然使用单数形式。根据yet说明使用现在完成时。故A正确。
27、Look at the trees on both sides of the streets. They________ last spring.
A．plantedB．were plantedC．were planting
答案：B
解析：
考查时态和语态。句意：看街道两旁的树。 它们是去年春天种的。根据last spring，可知用一般过去时，“它们”和“种植”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选B。
28、It is reported that more than one new house________ at present in the disaster area.
A．has been builtB．have been builtC．is being builtD．are being built
答案：C
解析：
考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：据报道，目前灾区正在建造不止一幢新房子。根据at present可知，此处应用现在进行时。动词build意为“建造”，和主语house构成被动关系。“more than one+可数名词单数”做主语，谓语动词用单数。故选C。
29、The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence,   ________ and perfected now.
A．developedB．have developed
C．are being developedD．will have been developed
答案：C
解析：
考查时态语态。句意：人工智能第五代计算机现在正在被研发并完善。根据句意及时间状语now可知，此处要使用现在进行时，而computer和develop以及perfect之间为被动关系，故使用现在进行时的被动语态，故选择C项。
30、Which of the following sentences is correct?
A．There have been many great changes take place in my home town in the past few years.
B．There have been many great changes taken place in my home town in the past few years
C．Great changes have been taken place in my home town in the past few years.
D．Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past few years.
答案：D
解析：
考查take place的用法。A项的“take place”和B项的“taken place”是错误的，changes发出take place的动作，应该使用现在分词taking place作后置定语；C项的“ have been taken place ”是错误的，take place不能用于被动语态，应该使用主动语态，因此been要去掉。D项正确，该句子意为：过去几年中我的家乡发生了很大的变化。故选D项。
31、________ the telephone number several times，but he couldn’t learn it by heart.
A．He had been toldB．Having been told
C．Although he had been toldD．Having told
答案：A
解析：
考查句型结构。句意：他被告诉电话号码很多次了，但是他就是记不住。根据句中的but可知，but连接的是两个并列句，排除BD项；although与but不能连用，故排除C项，故选A。
32、China’s maternal and infant goods e­commerce platforms ________ heavily and speeding up their steps to expand offline channels.
A．investB．are investingC．are investedD．have invested
答案：B
解析：
考查动词时态辨析。句意:中国的母婴用品电子商务平台正在加大投资并加快它们扩大线下渠道的步伐。注意空格后面的speeding up由并列连词连接的平行谓语应保持一致，根据主语的内容…platforms为复数含义，所以空格处应该填的是are doing。选项B符合题意。故选B。
33、A new bridge ________ here.
A．buildingB．is buildingC．is being builtD．are being building
答案：C
解析：
考查时态。句意：这里正在建造一座新桥。根据句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，根据句意可知，句子表达的是“正在建”，应该用现在进行时，且主语a new bridge(一座新桥)和build(建造)是被动关系，应用现在进行时的被动，主语是单数，所以应用is being built，故选C。
34、—Excuse me, is the book Gone With the Wind by Margaret Mitchell available now?
—Sorry, it ________ so well that we don't have any in store.
A．sellsB．is soldC．has soldD．has been sold
答案：A
解析：
考查动词时态语态。句意：——请问，玛格丽特·米切尔的《飘》这本书现在有售吗？——对不起，这个卖得很好，我们店里没有。分析句子可知，此处sell是不及物动词，与副词well连用，表示“卖得很好”，使用主动形式表被动意义，排除B项和D项；陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时。故选A。
35、The books by Mo Yan ________ well. And they ________ out yesterday.
A．sell; were soldB．sold; sold
C．are sold; were soldD．sell; are sold
答案：A
解析：
考查时态和语态。句意：莫言的书卖得很好。而且昨天已经卖完了。第一空，表达“ 某物卖得好”为某种东西的特点，用主动形式表示被动意义，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，应用sell；第二空表示“书被卖光”，要使用被动语态，根据时间状语为yesterday可知为一般过去时，主语是复数，应用were sold。故选A。
36、Sarah ________ that she could be Britain’s new supermodel by an agent, earning a million dollars in the next year.
A．toldB．was toldC．saidD．was said
答案：B
解析：
考查动词语态。句意：Sarah被经纪人告知她将成为英国的新超级名模，并在明年赚到100万美元。根据句意和后文by an agent可知，此处应用被动语态，故排除AC两项。动词tell可用于句式tell sb +(that)从句，其被动结构为sb +be told that…；动词say后可以直接跟that从句，其被动结构句式有it +be said that，sb +be said后不接从句。故选B项。
37、The opinions on the newly-released film ______ from person to person, which means the film has ______reviews from the audience.
A．vary; mixedB．vary; moderate
C．are varied; variedD．are varied; various
答案：A
解析：
考查动词和形容词辨析。句意：对于这部刚上映的电影，人们的看法各不相同，这意味着观众对这部电影的评价褒贬不一。第一空，表示“变化”短语为vary…from…to…“从……到……不同或者变化”，使用主动语态；第二空，mixed混合的，褒贬不一的；moderate温和的；varied多变的；various各种各样的，结合语境，观众对电影的评价应当是“褒贬相混合”，应用mixed。故选A。
38、The book __________ into thirty languages since it __________ on the market in 1973.
A．has translated, cameB．was translated, has come
C．has been translated, cameD．has been translated, has come
答案：C
解析：
考查时态和语态。句意：这本书自1973年上市以来已被翻译成30种语言。since引导时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时，主语The book和动词translate之间是被动关系，故第一空用现在完成时的被动语态has been translated；由时间状语in 1973可知，since引导的从句使用一般过去时，故第二空填came。故选C项。
39、Forest as well as other children who _______certain disabilities _______down on at school.
A．have; are being lookedB．have; are looking
C．has; is lookingD．have; is being looked .
答案：D
解析：
考查主谓一致和语态。句意：Forest和其他有残疾的孩子在学校里被瞧不起。分析可知，该句中who _______certain disabilities为定语从句，先行词为children，在从句做主语，所以从句的谓语动词应用复数形式，故用have。而第二个设空处则是主句的谓语动词，主句的主语为Forest as well as other children，当as well as连接两部分作主语时，谓语动词的形式由前一部分主语的人称和数来决定，所以在该句中Forset为单数，所以谓语动词使用单数，但Forest与look down on之间构成被动关系，应使用被动语态结构 be + done，时态为现进行时，故第二个空为 is being looked。故选D项。
40、Once in a while, some students didn’t obey school rules. What was worse, they didn’t think they were _______ for their wrong behavior.
A．to blameB．blamedC．being blamedD．blaming
答案：A
解析：
考查固定短语。句意：有时，一些学生不遵守校规。 更糟糕的是，他们不认为自己的错误行为应该受到责备。固定短语be to blame表示“该受责备，应承担责任”。故选A。
41、With a lot of necessary work ________, I couldn’t arrive there at the appointed time.
A．doingB．doneC．will doD．to do
答案：D
解析：
考查非谓语动词。句意：有许多必要的工作要做，我不能在约定的时间到达那里。分析句子可知，此处是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”复合结构作状语，do作宾语，表示未发生的动作，用不定式， do与被修饰词，其逻辑主语work是动宾关系，与句子的主语I是主动关系，用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义，故选D。
小提示：
42、The doctor looked over Peter carefully when he________to the hospital.
A．takesB．is takenC．tookD．was taken
答案：D
解析：
考查被动语态。句意：当彼得被送到医院时，医生给他进行了仔细的检查。分析句意可知，从句中的主语he指代的是上文中的Peter，可知Peter 是被送到医院的，要使用被动语态，而主句使用一般过去时，从句保持一致，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故选择D 项。
43、A lot of new houses ________ in that village since the beginning of this century.
A．madeB．were made
C．have madeD．have