高三英语一轮复习定语从句.pptx

定语从句关系副词的用法及定语从句用法的其他要点一.当关系词在定语从句中做状语时，要用关系副词。其中when=表时间的介词（in/on/at/during等）+which;why=表原因的介词（如for)+which;where=(表地点的介词in/on/at/under等）+which.如；I still remember the day when I first cameto Beijing.(when=on which)Can you tell me the office where he works?(where=on which)Do you know the reason why he is absent?(why=for which)二.where/when=介词+关系代词（which)有时为了表达清楚，还可以在关系副词where/when前加介词from/to等。China is the birthplace of kites,from whereKite flying spreads to Japan,Korea,Thailand and India.Look over there.Some people are standing under the big tree,from where we enjoy the whole view.分析：where代表under the big tree这个地方，如果用which就只能代表the big tree,这句话的意思不是Enjoy the view from the big tree而是from under the big tree所以只能用from WhereShe climbed up to the top of the hill,from where she could have a good view of the whole town.(from where=from on the top of the hill)Alice stood in front of the window,from where she could watch her classmates playing basketball.(from where=from in front of the window)We went up to the roof,from where we had a good viewof the procession（游行队伍）（from where=from on the top of the roof)三.关系副词可用于非限制性定语从句中而关系副词why不可以。四.高考对关系副词where 的考察高考试题中队where 的考察趋于复杂，从先行词为明显的“地点”转为“模糊化的地点”。事实上，对于where 这个词不能只理解为标地点。当先行词为situation/case/stage/point等，且先行词在定语从句中做状语时，也要用关系副词where 引导。They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.Lets think of a situation where his idiom can be used.I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make decisions of myself.Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing.四.关系代词和关系副词的比较关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中除了其连接主句和从句的作用外，他们换在定语从句中担当句子成分。关系代词在定语从句中担当主语，宾语，定语、表语，而关系副词在定语从句中作状语。因此，在选择关系词时最主要的是分析定于才能根据中所缺的成分，如果从句中缺少主语，宾语，定语，表语就选关系代词，如果缺少状语就选关系副词。比较下列句子Do you still remember the day that/which/不填we spent in Qingdao?Do you still remember the day when we spent the summer holiday in Qingdao?题组训练 用that/which/when/where/why填空1.I want to know the date_you were born.2.I have forgotten the date_you told me3.Do you know the reason_he is absentwhenWhich/thatwhyToday.4.This is the factory_his father works.5.This is the factory_ his father built.五.定语从句用法的其他要点1.定语从句中的谓语动词的单复数形式与先行词的单复数形式要保持一致。（1）one of+复数名词+关系代词+动词复数形式wherethat/whichThe Great Wall is one of the worle-famousbuildings that draw lots of visitors.Titanic is one of the most wonderful movies that have been produced in Hollywood.(2)the only one of+复数名词+关系代词+动词单数形式Tiantic is the only one of the wonderful movies that has been produced in Hollywood.Note:not the only of=one ofTom isnt the only one of the boys who passed the exam.=Tom is one of the boys who passed the exam.(3)当关系代词as 与which引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句内容时，若as 与which 做主语，则从句谓语动词用单数形式Great changes have taken place in China,as is known to all.He has passed the college entrance examination,which makes his parents quite happy.(4)其他情况I，who am your teacher,will try my best to help you.To own a computer in families,which we thought was impossible twenty years ago,nowBecomes true.题组训练 用所给动词的适当形式填空1.He is the only one of the students who_ (have)passed the exam.2.He is not the only one of the students who_(have）passed the exam.3.I,who _(be)very busy,cant help them at the moment.4.As _(be)known to everybody,Taiwanhashaveamisis a part of China we must unify it.5.the idea,which I think_(be)Reasonable,was brought up by Professor LiYesterday.6.I still remember the teachers and the schoolthat _(be)talked of yesterday.2.注意way/time 后接定语从句的情况iswere（1）当先行词way 当”方式、方法“时引导定语从句的先行词有下列三种情况What surprised me was not what he said butthe way in which/that/不填he said it.注意下面两个句子中关系词的不同The way that/which/不填 he explained to us was quite simple.The way that/in which/不填he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.(2)先行词如果是time,若time 做次数讲时应用关系代词that 引导定语从句，that 可以省略。若time 做“一段时间，时代”讲且做状语时，应用关系副词when或介词at/during+which引导定语从句This is the second time(that)the presidentHas visited the country.I could hardly remember how many times(that)I have failed.This is at a time when/during which there were no radios,no telephone or no tv sets.题组训练 用适当的关系代词，关系副词或介词+关系代词填空1.I dont like the way _he laughsat her.2.This is the second time_I have been here.That/which/不填that/不填3.Can you still remember the time _we spent together in our childhood?4.The first time _he saw her,he fell in love with her.that/which/不填that/不填