高考必考语法改错之被动语态十大经典错误公开课一等奖优质课大赛微课获奖课件.pptx

被动语态被动语态错中学错中学 易掌握易掌握印象深印象深 永不忘永不忘第1页第1页歌诀：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。被动语态构成。以do为例，各种时态被动语态形式为：1am/is/are+done 普通现在时2has/have been done 现在完毕时3am/is/are being done 现在进行时4was/were done 普通过去时5had been done 过去完毕时6.was/were being done 过去进行时.7shall/will be done 普通未来时例8should/would be done 过去未来时例9shall/will have been done 未来完毕时（少用）10should/would have been done过去未来完毕时（少用）被动语态通常为十种时态被动形式,被动语态由be过去分词构成，be随时态改变而上改变。第2页第2页【改错改错】注意！1.The book got written by him.特点特点1 通常不接by sb.，但有时接by sth.。特点特点2 用用get地方，普通可用地方，普通可用be代替，但用代替，但用be地方不一定能用地方不一定能用get代替。代替。特点特点3 get多用于普通过去时。多用于普通过去时。特点特点4 这种结构大多是表示状态系表结构。这种结构大多是表示状态系表结构。如：如：He got drunk.他喝醉了。他喝醉了。被动语态十大典型错误例析被动语态十大典型错误例析was_“get+过去分词过去分词”四个特点四个特点第3页第3页 get+pp(过去分词)使用办法(get done结构)get是系动词，后接过去分词或形容词作表语，表示状语改变，意为“被，变得”。它不能和表示一段时间时间状语连用。l get dressed/changedl get marriedl get burnt/burnedl get drunkl get startedlget lostlget caught in the rainlget damaged lget excitedlget killedlget paidl get hurt穿衣服/换衣服结婚烧伤,晒黑喝醉开始迷路被雨淋湿遭到破坏激动丧命得到报酬受伤第4页第4页【考点】“get过去分词”结构。【考例】1.Sarah,hurry up.Im afraid you wont have time to _ before the party.(NMET04-28)2.Be careful when you cross this very busy street If not,you may_ by a car(北京)3.How are the team playing Theyre playing well,but one of them _(北京春)4.As we joined the big crowd，I _ _from my friends.(NMET)5.Cleaning women in big cities usually _ by the hour.get changed“换衣服”get run over，got hurt，got separated，get paidget changed get run overgot hurtgot separatedget paid第5页第5页【改错改错】注意！2.A library with five thousand books are offered to the nation as a gift.解析：a library是offer承受者，要用被动语态，又因主语(library)是单数。注意：with five thousand books是a library是定语。被动语态十大典型错误例析被动语态十大典型错误例析is_将语态与主谓一致结合起来命题将语态与主谓一致结合起来命题第6页第6页1.All the employees except the manager _(encourage)to work online at home.2.With more forests being destroyed,huge quantities of good earth _(wash)each year.are encouragedare being washed away语法填空：语法填空：第7页第7页3.Great changes have been taken place in our city since.【改错改错】take place和和happen都是不及物动词或短语，都是不及物动词或短语，不能用于被动语态。不能用于被动语态。break out,break in，belong to,lose heart,consist of,add up to,rise,happen,succeed,remain,lie,occur等都等都属于不及物动词（词组）不能用于被动语态。属于不及物动词（词组）不能用于被动语态。被动语态十大典型错误例析被动语态十大典型错误例析不及物动词或短语不及物动词或短语第8页第8页The traffic accident was happened yesterday.Ill come after the meeting if time_(permit).The fire was broke out in the capital building.After the earthquake,few houses were remained.When we got to the top of the mountain,the sun had already been risen.permits我练、我练、我练练！我练、我练、我练练！第9页第9页【改错改错】注意！4.I Your pronunciation should be paid attention.有些短语动词相称于及物动词也有被动语有些短语动词相称于及物动词也有被动语态。短语动词变成被动语态时，不能把后态。短语动词变成被动语态时，不能把后面介词或副词漏掉。面介词或副词漏掉。被动语态十大典型错误例析被动语态十大典型错误例析to短语动词变成被动语态短语动词变成被动语态短语动词变成被动语态短语动词变成被动语态介词、副词不能丢介词、副词不能丢介词、副词不能丢介词、副词不能丢第10页第10页1.The doctor has been sent_.(介词介词)2.Your homework should be handed _after class(副词副词)3.Women were looked down _ in the old days.4.His house was broke _ by a thief last night.5.Newly-born babies are taken good care _ in hospital.forin语法填空：语法填空：upon/on intoof第11页第11页6.The patient is being operated_.on短语动词常见有：短语动词常见有：catch sight of,make use of,pay attention to,set fire to,take care of,take hold of,take notice of,keep an eye on 7.Good care must _babies,particularly while they are ill.be taken of be taken of解析：由固定短语take good care of(好好照看)是可知，good care与take是被动关系第12页第12页【改错改错】注意！5.She was heard sing an English song in the classroom.有些动词如有些动词如有些动词如有些动词如see,hear,watch,notice,listen to,let,see,hear,watch,notice,listen to,let,makemake等，要求不带不定式符号等，要求不带不定式符号等，要求不带不定式符号等，要求不带不定式符号to to 不定式做宾语补足语，不定式做宾语补足语，不定式做宾语补足语，不定式做宾语补足语，但变成被动语态时要加上不定式符号但变成被动语态时要加上不定式符号但变成被动语态时要加上不定式符号但变成被动语态时要加上不定式符号to,to,本来宾语变成主本来宾语变成主本来宾语变成主本来宾语变成主语，本来宾语补足语就变成了主语补足语。语，本来宾语补足语就变成了主语补足语。语，本来宾语补足语就变成了主语补足语。语，本来宾语补足语就变成了主语补足语。被动语态十大典型错误例析被动语态十大典型错误例析to第13页第13页1.The boy was made _ cry by his sister.语法填空：语法填空：toBut:The strange was let go.第14页第14页【改错改错】注意！61.Whom was English spoken in the next room just now?Who spoke English in the next room just now?(Who spoke English in the next room just now?(积积积积极语态极语态极语态极语态)先把先把先把先把whowho当作主语当作主语当作主语当作主语sbsb变为被动语态，得到下面变为被动语态，得到下面变为被动语态，得到下面变为被动语态，得到下面句子。句子。句子。句子。English was spoken by whom in the next English was spoken by whom in the next room just now?room just now?疑问词要放在句首变为：疑问词要放在句首变为：疑问词要放在句首变为：疑问词要放在句首变为：Whom was Whom was English spoken by in the next room just now?English spoken by in the next room just now?介词介词介词介词byby能够同能够同能够同能够同whomwhom一起放在前面，也能够放在后面。一起放在前面，也能够放在后面。一起放在前面，也能够放在后面。一起放在前面，也能够放在后面。被动语态十大典型错误例析被动语态十大典型错误例析by第15页第15页62.French is also taught by our school.【改错改错】by引出动作发出者引出动作发出者;我们学校也教法语。翻译成我们学校也教法语。翻译成Our school also teaches French.是错误。是错误。当动作执行者没有必要指明或为大家所知时，当动作执行者没有必要指明或为大家所知时，通惯用被动语态。通惯用被动语态。French is also taught in our school.in_被动语态十大典型错误例析被动语态十大典型错误例析第16页第16页 1.People should be stopped _cutting more trees.语法填空：语法填空：fromstop/prevent/keep sb/sth(from)doing sth制止制止干某事。在积极语态中干某事。在积极语态中from能够省去，变成能够省去，变成被动句被动句sb/sth be stopped/prevented from doing sth.from不可省。不可省。Keep sb/sth from doing sth意思也是意思也是“制止制止干（做）干（做）事事”无论无论在积极语态或被动语态中，在积极语态或被动语态中，from不能省去不能省去,若省去若省去from就变成就变成keep sb/sth doing sth使某人始终使某人始终干某事。干某事。第17页第17页2._was the new bridge built?3.The doctor is known _ us all.4.The medical team is made up _ two doctors and ten nurses.By whom toof第18页第18页【改错改错】注意！5.The job had better been finished ahead of time.含含含含had betterhad better句子由积极语态变为被动语态时作用相称句子由积极语态变为被动语态时作用相称句子由积极语态变为被动语态时作用相称句子由积极语态变为被动语态时作用相称于一个情态动词，同于一个情态动词，同于一个情态动词，同于一个情态动词，同can,may,mustcan,may,must等，变为被动语态等，变为被动语态等，变为被动语态等，变为被动语态时相同。类似词组尚有时相同。类似词组尚有时相同。类似词组尚有时相同。类似词组尚有seem to,happen to,used to seem to,happen to,used to,have to,be able to,have to,be able to 等。等。等。等。被动语态十大典型错误例析被动语态十大典型错误例析be_第19页第19页【改错改错】注意！7.A maths problem was discussed when I entered the classroom.现在进行式被动语态形式为现在进行式被动语态形式为am/is/are+being+过去分词。过去进行式被动语态过去分词。过去进行式被动语态形式为形式为was/were+being+过去分词。过去分词。被动语态十大典型错误例析被动语态十大典型错误例析being第20页第20页-Have you moved into your new house?-No,it _(paint)now.语法填空：语法填空：is being painted 第21页第21页【改错改错】注意！8.An interesting story was told me last night.tell sb.sth.=tell sth.to sb.Sb.be told sth.Sth.be told to sb.被动语态十大典型错误例析被动语态十大典型错误例析to第22页第22页1.The cup with mixture was showed _ the class.2.Some country music was played _ us.3.A question was asked _ me by him.toforofbring,give,hand,lend,offer,pass,pay,promise,sell,show,take,teach,tell 等。build,buy,cook,cut,choose,do,fetch,find,fix,get,keep,make,order,paint,play,sing 等。第23页第23页【改错改错】注意！9.They have married for 2 years.强调状态强调状态被动语态十大典型错误例析被动语态十大典型错误例析been第24页第24页10.This book is sold well here.【改错改错】有些动词，如有些动词，如act,add,brush,burn,clean,cook,count,cut,draw,drive,keep,lock,look,open,read,sell,smell,smoke,strike,wash,wear,write等，其积极形式在一些详细场合表示被等，其积极形式在一些详细场合表示被动意义。这类句子特点是：主语往往是动意义。这类句子特点是：主语往往是“物物”而不而不是是“人人”。另外，后面往往带有。另外，后面往往带有well这一类副词或这一类副词或者修饰主语形容词。者修饰主语形容词。selling_被动语态十大典型错误例析被动语态十大典型错误例析积极表被动第25页第25页1.This kind of cloth _(wash)well.2.The soup _(taste)wonderful.语法填空：语法填空：washestastestaste,feel,look,sound,smell,appear等，后接形容词作表语，不可用等，后接形容词作表语，不可用于被动语态。于被动语态。积极表被动3.The patient needs_.(take care of)taking care ofto be taken care ofneed,want,require三个词主语是后面跟动词承受者时，动名词用积极形式，表示被动意思.不定式用被动形式，句型为：sb/sth needs/wants/requires doing/to be done第26页第26页4.Eggs wont _(keep)long in summer.5.English is not easy_(learn).6.Please lend me a pen _(write).keepto learnto write withThe meat didnt cook well.(积极句)The meat was cooked for a long time over low heat.(被动句)第27页第27页非谓语动词用积极形式表被动意义6种场合（详见非谓语动词）在作表语或补语形容词后作状语不定式，用积极表被动。在have，with，there be后名词后不定式，表示“有要”时，用积极表示被动。在This/That/These/Those be后名词后不定式，用积极表被动。不定式to blame，to let等作表语时，用积极表示被动。在表示“（某物）需要”need，want，require等后动名词用积极形式表示被动含义。在be worth后动名词用积极表示被动第28页第28页【改错改错】注意！11.The Peoples Republic of China was found on October 1,1949.find-found-found found-founded-founded被动语态十大典型错误例析被动语态十大典型错误例析founded第29页第29页【改错改错】注意！12.Wet clothes are often hanged up near a fire in rainy weather.hang-hanged-hanged绞死；上吊绞死；上吊hang-hung-hung悬挂悬挂被动语态十大典型错误例析被动语态十大典型错误例析hung第30页第30页【改错改错】注意！13.Only after my friend camedid the computer repaired.（NMET福建福建卷）卷）将语态与倒装结合起来命题将语态与倒装结合起来命题被动语态十大典型错误例析被动语态十大典型错误例析was第31页第31页 I cant see any coffee in this cupboard.Has it all been finished?(NMET春)第32页第32页1-So what is the procedure?【北京】-All the applicants_(interview)before a final decision _(make)by the authority.【填空填空】are interviewed被动语态被动语态第一题第一题【解析】考察动词语态和时态。句中applicants与interview之间为被动关系，应使用被动语态；且句子所描述为普通情况，故用普通现在时态被动语态。注意！关键指数关键指数 难度指数难度指数No.1is made普通现在时第33页第33页1.I need one more stamp before my collection _(complete).(NMET1994)2.We wont start the work until all the preparations _(make).（天津卷）3.Hundreds of jobs _(lose)if the factory closes.is completedhave been madewill be lost【解析】通常说来。在时间状语从句中使用普通现在时代替未来时，前面主句中使用未来时。在高中英语中也使用现在完毕时代替未来时，表示到未来某个时间已经完毕事情。句义：直到所有准备工作都做好以后，我们才开始工作。复合句中，从句用普通时表未来语法填空：语法填空：第34页第34页2.It is said that the early European playing-cards _(design)for entertainment and education.(辽宁卷辽宁卷06-31)【填空填空】were designed 被动语态被动语态第二题第二题 表示过去某个时候发生被表示过去某个时候发生被动动作，用普通过去时被动语态；动动作，用普通过去时被动语态；注意！关键指数关键指数 难度指数难度指数No.2普通过去时第35页第35页3.More patients _(treat)in hospital this year than last year.(NMET，江苏，26)【填空填空】have been treated被动语态被动语态第三题第三题 依据this year拟定为现在完毕时。注意！关键指数关键指数 难度指数难度指数No.3现在完毕时第36页第36页4.Although the causes of cancer _(uncover),we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it.(山东卷06-28)【填空填空】are being uncovered被动语态被动语态第四题第四题 表示现阶段正在发生被动动作，用现在进行时被动语态。注意！关键指数关键指数 难度指数难度指数No.4现在进行时第37页第37页5.By the end of last year,another new gymnasium _(complete)in Beijing.(上海 春)【填空填空】had been completed被动语态被动语态第五题第五题 由由短语By the end of last year可知完毕这一动作发生在过去过去.表示过去某个时候之前发生被动动作，用过去完毕时被动语态。注意！关键指数关键指数 难度指数难度指数No.5过去完毕时第38页第38页6.The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _(complete)by.(高考北京卷高考北京卷-27)【填空填空】will have been completed被动语态被动语态第六题第六题 表示从现在看在未来某一时间之前完毕被动动作，用未来完毕时被动语态；注意！关键指数关键指数 难度指数难度指数No.6未来完毕时第39页第39页7.The rice _(burn)if you had been more careful.(MET1988)【填空填空】would not have been burnt 被动语态被动语态第七题第七题 虚拟语调注意！关键指数关键指数 难度指数难度指数No.7虚拟语调第40页第40页8.The mistake youve made must _(correct)at once.(90)Coal can _(use)to produce electricity for agriculture and industry.(M80)【填空填空】be usedbe corrected被动语态被动语态第八题第八题 带情态动词被动结构注意！关键指数关键指数 难度指数难度指数No.8第41页第41页9.After a fire broke out in the lab,a lot of equipment_(damage).(NMET春)【填空填空】was damaged 被动语态被动语态第九题第九题 将语态与主谓一致结合起来命题将语态与主谓一致结合起来命题注意！关键指数关键指数 难度指数难度指数No.9第42页第42页10.The policemans attention was suddenly caught by a small box which _(place)under the Ministers car.(NMET广东卷)【填空填空】had been placed被动语态被动语态第十题第十题 考察定语从句中谓语动词形式。依据题意place动作应发生在catch之前注意！关键指数关键指数 难度指数难度指数No.10第43页第43页1.It _(say)that the boy has passed the national exam.【填空填空】is said 被动语态被动语态第十一题第十一题 The boy is said to have passed the national exam.It is said that there is plenty of oil off our coast.There is said to be plenty of oil off our coast.注意！关键指数关键指数 难度指数难度指数No.11“听说”类三个被动句型It is said thatThere is said to be sb./sth.is said to第44页第44页