20121119023049高中英语词汇学习—陈华-PPT课件.pptx

l理论依据l问题和途径l方法和策略词汇教学的理论依据课标，考纲，教材与高考课标，考纲，教材与高考教科书课程标准考试大纲高考试题新课标对词汇的要求新课标对词汇的要求语言知识目标(七级)1理解话语中词汇表达的不同功能、意图和态度等；2运用词汇给事物命名、进行指称、描述行为和特征、说明概念等；3学会使用2400-2500个单词和300400个习惯用语或固定搭配；4了解英语单词的词义变化以及日常生活中新出现的词汇。新课标对词汇的要求新课标对词汇的要求语言知识目标(八级)1运用词汇理解和表达不同的功能、意图和态度等；2运用词汇描述比较复杂的事物、行为和特征，说明概念等；3学会使用3000个单词和400500个习惯用语或固定搭配。考纲对词汇的要求考纲对词汇的要求要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题（见附录1附录5），要求词汇量为3500左右。（注：各省区可以根据本地实际情况在考试说明中对词汇量进行适当调整，但不得低于2000个单词；同时，应制订计划，在一定时间内分期、分批增加至3500个单词。）存在的问题和避免的途径学生词汇学习中存在的主要问题1.音标不过关，拼读记忆单词有困难。2.习惯于死记硬背词汇表。3.不善于区分重点词汇和非重点词汇5.依赖中文释义理解词义。6.不善于通过语境猜测词义。7.词汇运用能力差。重点词汇重点词汇 易混词汇易混词汇 构词法构词法词汇考试的方式特点词汇考试的方式特点避免问题的途径避免问题的途径派生词汇一词多义同、近义词汇拼写相似词汇高频词汇运用词汇Words for recognition：Words for production：重视运用词汇重视运用词汇掌握音、形、意掌握音、形、意要求要求能辨认能辨认除掌握音、形、义除掌握音、形、义 外外 要求要求会运用会运用非课标词汇：非课标词汇：如：必修1Unit3非课标词汇出现了9个：hatred,cabin,guy,mist,misty,rhythm,emotion,optimism,poetic对英语成绩较差的学生不做要求关关 注注 高高 频频 词词 汇汇10福建The girl had hardly rung the bell_ the door was opened suddenly,and her friendrushedouttogreether.A.beforeB.untilC.asD.since07安徽ThefieldresearchwilltakeJoanandPaulaboutfivemonths;itwillbealongtime_wemeetthemagain.A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.when例例1：before07江西Hewastoldthatitwouldbeatleastthreemoremonthshecouldrecoverandreturntowork.A.whenB.beforeC.sinceD.that06福建Howlongdoyouthinkitwillbe_Chinasendsamannedspaceshiptothemoon?Perhapstwoorthreeyears.A.whenB.untilC.thatD.before06四川Whydidntyoutellhimaboutthemeeting?HerushedoutoftheroomIcouldsayaword.A.beforeB.untilC.whenD.after08陕西Elizabethhasalreadyachievedsuccessherwildestdreams.A.atB.beyondC.withinD.upon08江苏Whydoyousuggestwebuyanewmachine?Becausetheoldonehasbeendamaged.A.beyondreachB.beyondrepairC.beyondcontrolD.beyonddescription06福建Sorry,Madam.Youd better come tomorrowbecauseitsthevisitinghours.A.duringB.atC.beyondD.before06江苏Thisnewmodelofcarissoexpensivethatitis_thereachofthosewithaverageincomes.A.overB.withinC.beyondD.below例例2：beyond09江苏完型填空：Supporters claim that there are many 41 of servicelearning.Perhapsmostimportantly,studentsareforcedtothink42theirowninterestsandbecome43oftheneedsofothers.42.A.beyondB.aboutC.overD.in08福建完形填空：ThepositionofchildreninAmericanfamilyandsocietyisnolongerwhatisusedtobe.The36familyincolonial(殖民时期的)North America was mainly concerned withsurvivaland37that,itsowneconomicprosperity.37.A.exceptB.forC.beyondD.through09重庆单选：34.Lifeislikealongrace_wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.A.whyB.whatC.thatD.where09重庆阅读E篇：Therefore,discussionsonhowscienceisappliedshouldbeextendedfarbeyondscientificsocieties.Onlythroughtheuntiedeffortsofpeoplewithhope,canwebefullysafeagainstthemisuseofscienceandcansciencebestservemankindinthefuture.73.Accordingtothepassage,whatwillhappenifweholdthatscienceisgettingbeyondcontrol?74.Thediscussionshouldreachbeyondscientificsocietiesbecause_10重庆阅读B篇：A:Yes.Aslifewasveryhard,Iusedtoworktohelpbringmoney in for the family.I spent my childhood working,withresponsibilitiesbeyondmyage.However,ittaughtmetodealwithproblemsallalone.Ilearnttobeindependent.10重庆阅读E篇：Humans are naturally drawn to other life forms and theworldsoutsideofourown.Wetakedelightintheexistenceofcreaturesandevenwholesocietiesbeyondoureverydaylives.11重庆阅读C篇：Yet,it seems that standards of cleanliness have movedbeyond science since World War.Advertisementsrepeatedly sell the idea;clothes need to be whiter thanwhite,clothseversofter,surfacestoshine.Hasthehatefordirt,however,gonetoofar?07福建：34Doyouneedanyhelp,Lucy?Yes,ThejobisIcoulddomyself.A.lessthanB.morethanC.nomorethan D.notmorethan09浙江：10Ittook_buildingsuppliestoconstructtheseenergy-savinghouses.Ittookbrains,too.A.otherthanB.morethanC.ratherthanD.lessthan2011全国卷I：30.Theformcannotbesignedbyanyone_yourself.A.ratherthanB.otherthanC.morethanD.betterthan例3:morethan,otherthan,betterthan,ratherthan等back关注易混词汇关注易混词汇2012重庆高考完形填空：_45_,myparentsshowednointerestinmygarden.Myfathereven_46_atmebecausehefounditwas_47_tomovearoundmygardentothedriveway.Tomymothers_48_,Iputhervasemyrealroseswhich,inhereyes,weresimplyweeds_49_flowers.49.A.otherthanB.morethanC.ratherthanD.lessthan2012陕西：Whensheopenedhereyesand43herdogstandingbesideher,thegirlsaid,“you44me,Laddy,”andshekissedhimseveraltimes.43.A.spotted B.watched C.observed D.saw2012江苏：Peoplehavebecomeso40intheworldofnetworksandconnectionsthatonecanoftenbecontacted41theydrathernotbe.Todaywecantalk,text,e-mail,chatandblog(写博客),notonlyfromour42butfromourmobilephonesaswell.41.A.even if B.only if C.as if D.if only2012 辽宁：辽宁：“Igrewuponahundred-acrefarmandhadonlycats37playmates,”Kruger,Theseventy-year-oldman,saysMyhearingwasdamagedbythe38offarmequipment,soIlearnedtoconnectwith39.Theyreacttowhattheyseeandwhatyoudo.”Inkywasagentlecat,40thehousewithfiveothercats.ButonaJanuarynightin2009,Inkydid41thatwouldsetherapartfrom42catsforever.Krugerhadgonedowntothebasementto43thewoodstoveforthenight.38.A.sound B.alarm C.noise D.voice43.A.shut out B.shut off C.shut down D.shut upback 关注一词多义关注一词多义(旧词新意旧词新意)09重庆高考阅读E篇：Theybelievethatsciencewillgetoutofcontrolintheend.This belief is dangerous too,because it fuels a sense ofhopelessnessanddiscouragesthenfrommakingeffortstobuildasaferworld.2011辽宁锦州市质检三IsawJerryaboutsixmonthsafterthe48.JerrytoldmesomethinghappeningintheER(急诊室).Hesaid,“theparamedicsweregreat.TheykepttellingmeIwasgoingtobefine.ButwhentheywheeledmeintotheERandIsawthe49onthefacesofthedoctorsandnurses,Igotreally50.1.Isawafigurecomingtowardsmeinthedarkness.2.Anewactwillsoonbepublished.3.Thearticlesfoundinthecarhelpedthepoliceidentifythebody.4.Acheerrosefromthestands.5.Dontwakeupthebaby.Heissoundasleep.6.Theydecidedtopresentasumofmoneytothecollege.7.Immediatelyafterhiswoundwasdressed,hewenttowork.8.Ioftenkilltimebyplayingcomputergames.9.DontaddressmeasMr.Smith.旧词新意旧词新意词汇教学方法和策略Unit1FavouriteTeachers（101)Unit2HelpfulSchoolmates(79)ChallengingYourself(70)Unit3PowerfulMusic(121)Unit4UnforgettableFilms(86)ChallengingYourself(89)Unit5SpecialClothes(73)Unit6HealthyDiet(99)ChallengingYourself(112)重大版（必修重大版（必修1）每单元平均92个生词l分散学习，缓解压力分散学习，缓解压力l呈现要点，有的放矢呈现要点，有的放矢l单词重组，降低难度单词重组，降低难度l自学讲解，有机结合自学讲解，有机结合l呈现语境，猜测词义呈现语境，猜测词义l学以致用，合作分享学以致用，合作分享教学方法和策略一、分散教学，缓解压力一、分散教学，缓解压力1.WordsforReading,ListeningandSpeaking2.WordsforFurtherReading,GrammarandWriting词汇部分词语辨析1.observe/celebrate/congratulate2.merely/only/alone重点单词1.escape2.notice3.observe4.available重点词组1.reston2.onpurpose3.fadeinto4.focuson例：例：Word Study for Reading (必修必修3 Unit 5)二、呈现要点，有的放矢二、呈现要点，有的放矢例：必修例：必修1 Unit 3 Powerful Music 1.按类别重组music,musically,tune,rhythm,melody,lyric,band,guitar,violin,classical,jazz,rockandroll,beattime,onetuneafteranother2.按词性重组动词，名词，形容词，副词3.按构词法重组三、单词重组，降低难度三、单词重组，降低难度power-powerful-powerfully-powerless-powerlessnesswonder-wonderful-wonderfullyexcellent-excellently-excellenceappear-appearanceaccept-acceptance-acceptablemusic-musical-musically-musiciantradition-traditional-traditionallysorrow-sorrowful-sorrowfullysociety-social-socialistequal-equality-inequality4.按易混词重组:1.power/strength/energy/mon/ordinary/usual3.strike/beat/hit/whip3.dieaway/diedown/dieoff/dieout/diefrom/dieof四、自学讲解，有机结合四、自学讲解，有机结合例：例：board n.&v.（必修（必修4 Unit 4 The Three Gorges）1.Hecansplittheboardintohalveswithhishands.2.Ourteacherisputtingupanoticeonthe board.4.The boardis/aredissatisfiedwiththefallingsales.5.Freeroom and boardareprovidedforthosewhosefamiliesareverypoor.6.Whenallthepeoplewereon board,theboatpulledout.7.Theplaneburstintoflames(火焰),killingtwooftheairmenon board.8.Passengersareaskedto board halfanhourbeforedeparturetime(起飞时间).9.FlightN654forParisisnow boarding atGate6.10Mostofthestudentsinourclassboard duringtheweekandgohomeatweekends.由board联想易混词aboard/broad/abroad练习：选择正确的词填空选择正确的词填空1.board/aboard/broad/abroad Becarefulwhenyougo_theship.Becarefulwhenyou_theship.Thebusrolleddownthehillwith54passengers_.Theagreementwon_supportintheUSCongress.Hehasbeenworking_fornearly10yearsandnowhewanttogobacktohishomeland.词汇讲解的方式词汇讲解的方式:1.calmadj.平静的，沉着的(课本)v.镇静；沉着（课标）2.wondern.惊异，不可思议（课本）v.对疑惑,惊奇,想知道(课标)n.惊叹，奇迹（课标）1、依据、依据课标课标对单词的要求对单词的要求例：calm,wonder,strike,content,concern,remain(必修1Unit3PowerfulMusic)3.strikev.打，敲打（课本）v.(钟)鸣，罢工，擦，肆虐4.contentn.内容（课本）adj.满足的，乐意的（课标）becontentwithbecontenttodo5.concernn.关心，挂念（课本）v.涉及到，关系到（课标as(so)farasbeconcernedbeconcernedwithbeconcernedabout1.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains _whethertheywillenjoyit(2002NMET)AtoseeBtobeseenCseeingDseen2.Pleaseremainuntiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.(2007山东)A.toseatB.tobeseatedC.seatingD.seated3.Thepalacecaughtfiresthreetimesinthelastcentury,andlittleoftheoriginalbuildingnow.(2010重庆)A.remains B.is remained C.is remaining D.has been remained5.InApril,thousandsofholidaymakersremained _abroadduetothevolcanicash火山灰cloud.(2010福建)a.stickingb.stuckc.tobestuckd.tohavestuck 2、依据单词在高考试题中出现的频率：、依据单词在高考试题中出现的频率：08重重庆庆The artist was born poor,poor he remainedallhislife.A.andB.orC.butD.so13.（重庆市西南师大附中2010届高三第七次月考）Younggirlslookbeautiful,_beautifultheywishtoremain forlifelong.A.andB.orC.butD.so08重庆完形填空：Then she reached inside her blouse,look out her 50 money,andhandedittotheconductor.“Hereshisfareandmine.Juststopgivinghima51time.”50.A.spendingB.collectedC.remainingD.borrowed1.During the summer holiday,I picked up the habit ofgettinguplate.OnedayafterIgotup,IfoundmyTVsetcouldntpickupanyprograms.SoItelephonedoneofmygoodfriendsandaskedhertogoshoppingwithme.Halfanhourlater,Ipickedherupandwedrovetotheshoppingmalldirectly.Atthegateofastore,wesawawalletlyingontheground.Ipickeditupandturneditintothemanagerofthe shop.Then we hung about in the shop.Suddenly abeautiful dress caught my eyes.I picked it up withouthesitation（犹豫）,becauseitwasatadiscount(打折).五、呈现语境，猜测词义五、呈现语境，猜测词义例1：必修2Unit4课文原句：Oneeveningwewentoutandpickupfourpeopleinthestreet.2.AChineseyoungmanpickedupanAmericantourist who had been injured seriously in a caraccident and sent him to the nearest hospital.Afterseveralmonthstreatment,notonlydidthetouristpick upnicely,butalso picked upsomeChinese.例例2：available (必修必修3 Unit 5)LastSunday when I got up,I found my parentswerentavailable.What a great day.I seldom stay at home bymyself.AfterbreakfastIsetouttodomyhomework.IntheafternoonIwasavailabletoseeafilm.UnfortunatelywhenI got the cinema I was told the ticket werent available.HowdisappointedIwas.ThenIdecidedtodrinkcoffee.Thereweresomanypeopleinthecoffeeshop.Ilookedaroundandfoundaseatavailablenearawindow.Idashedtoitbutthemanbesideitstoppedmeandtoldmethattheseat was not available for me,because his friend wastogetherwithhim.Ihadnochoicebuttogohome.六、学以致用，合作分享六、学以致用，合作分享学生习作1.(WordsinUnit3必修3)As we all known,everyone has a dream.Someonedreams of doing research in scientific field,someonedreamsofbecomingatranslatorMydreamistostudymedicinebecausedoctorscancurepatientsofdisease.Butallofmyclassmatessaymydreamisunrealistic.NomatterwhattheysayIjustholdfasttomydream.IbelieveaslongasIapplymyselftostudy,Iwillgotoamedicaluniversitysoonerorlater.Stick to your dream and dont let others steal it.Remembernothingisdifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.点评：Dreamsaresuretoknockatyourdoor!Theworldalwaysmakeswayforthedreamer!LeehomWangismyfavoritestar.Irecognizehimasthemasterofartsbecausenotonlycanhesingverywellbutalso can play most of instruments,such as piano,erhuguzheng,guitar and so on.He always focuses on hisperformcareer.Whatattractsmemostisthathecanputlifeintolyricsandmusicalnotesmagically.ItooknoticeofhimonTVbyaccidentfouryearsago.Fromthenonhebecamemydream,andIlookedforwardtoenjoyinghis performance.I dont know why I am crazyabouthim.Actually,hehasnothingspecial.点评：Noreasonforlove.Justfollowyourheart.学生习作2：WordsinUnit5必修3Iamabroken-wingedbutterflythatismorethanoncelaughed at by others.Gradually I became ashamed ofmyselfandoftensighovermyflawdeeply.OnedaywhenIlayonthegrassyland,ithappenedthatapoetpassedbyandaskedmewhyIdidntflyintheskybuttostayhereItoldhimhowIwishedtoflybutIcouldntbecauseofmybrokenwings.Thepoetwroteapoemtome.EachtimeIreaditIfeltinspired.SoIdecidedondoingsomethingthatisworthdoing.Luckily,withtheexpectationthatIcouldfindtheskyofmyownsomeday,Ibecamemoreandmoreconfident.Asitturnsout,Ihavebecomeaspecialbutterflythatcanflyinmydreamysky.点评：Youaresuretomakeadifferencewithwingsinyourheart.Inmyeyesyouareabeautiful“butterfly”.学生习作3：WordsinUnit6必修3