高考英语专题习七选五导学案.doc

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2018届高考英语专题复习
—七选五阅读答题指导
一、题型简析
★在一篇约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项(均为完整的句子) 中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯。试卷中题干表述如下：根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
★主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和篇章结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。
★命题形式体现了《新课标》“用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维的能力。”的阅读学习和教学理念。
★选项特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）；过渡性句子（文章结构注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）
二、解题方法：
1.细节类题型解题技巧
2.篇章结构类的解题技巧
三、例题讲解（细节类题型解题技巧）
一）词汇复现法：复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现关系，主要是指同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。双保险：上下文再核实一下
1.Parents should help their children understand money. so you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example. （2011全国课标卷）
D. Talk yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.
E. Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.
G. The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.
2._ The image includes the way you look, the way you act, the way you talk and the way you think. Interestingly, our self-images are often quite different from the images others hold about us.
A.Always love yourself.
B.Self-image is your own mind’s picture of yourself.
C.Don’t allow doubts to occur in it .
3.There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town, or changed our jobs or schools. Such changes often leaves us without a friend. 71 . But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage…. （2012辽宁卷）
D. Try not to find fault with your friends.
E. Making new friends comes easy for some people.
F. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.
二）代词线索法：英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。
1.Protect against UV rays (紫外线). Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, it's extremely important to wear sunglasses. ___1___ ﹝2014辽宁卷﹞
A. Eat your greens.
B. Eye care should begin early in life.
C. They can properly protect your eyes.
D. Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.
E. Parents usually don’t care about their own eyesight.
2.Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed:
(1) Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to trusted adult, such as parent or other relatives. __?__ They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.
D. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.
E. You need to figure out what the problem is.
F. And don't forget about your friends.
3.On the open day for parents, we felt very nervous. ___?___They want to know how we are getting along with our study.
A. Because we held a party.
B. Because our parents came to our school .
C. Because we had done a good job in English class.
三）连接词提示法：借助语句前后的连接词快速理清前后的逻辑关系（因果，转折，对比等）并列与递进关系：and, also, further, moreover, what’s more, either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also, firstly, secondly, thirdly…. 等;因果关系：so, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, consequently, as a result等；转折与让步关系：however, though, yet, in spite of, on the contrary, otherwise, while, rather than, even if, despite, fortunately等。
1.You didn’t lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40 Instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.【2015全国新课标I】
E.  They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.
F.  This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.
G.  Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.
2.Most teens look forward to learning how to drive. 36 . Fortunately, there are things that you can do to help your teen become more comfortable behind the wheel. Below are some tips for helping your teen become a more confident driver. （2016广东适应性考试）
E. An empty parking lo is a good place for a new driver to practice
F. This includes things such as heavy traffic, bad weather and freeways
G. However, some of them are nervous about actually getting out on the road
四）问答式法：
1.One may ask why there are so many people smoking?_______ Most need help when it comes to quitting because the withdrawals are so difficult to deal with.
A.Set a date on which you plan to quit smoking.
B.The answer is that smoking is extremely addictive.
C.Many other cancers are also related to somking.
2.Such love, such beautiful love! Such love happened within this tiny creature.(生物). What can love do?______ Just think about it…
A.It can do wonders!
B.He saw this, feeling pity and curious.
C.The lizard(蜥蜴) had survived in such a situation for 10 years!
五）解释说明关系法
1._______ In other words, when you are in love with someone, you may refuse to see anything bad about that person.
A.This means that money should not be wasted.
B. Another proverb says “Love is blind.”
C.Proverbs are found in most cultures and are often very old.
2.Drive in a variety of conditions
In order for your teen to become a good driver, he or she has to practice driving in a variety of conditions. 40 . （2016广东适应性考试）
E. An empty parking lo is a good place for a new driver to practice
F. This includes things such as heavy traffic, bad weather and freeways
G. However, some of them are nervous about actually getting out on the road
六）练习
1. 39 If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, we’ll have our trust tested or violated（违反; 侵犯; 妨碍; 亵渎 . 【2015全国新课标I】
A.  Learn to really trust yourself.
B.  It is putting confidence in someone.
C.  Stop regarding yourself as the victim.
D.  Remember that you can expect the best in return.
E.  They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.
2.A serious problem for today’s society is who should be responsible for the elderly and how to improve their lives. It is not only a financial problem but also a question of the system we want for our society. I would like to suggest several possible solutions to this problem.
First, employers should take responsibility for their retired employees. …
Another way of solving the problem is to return the responsibility to the individual. …
In addition, the government could take responsibility for the care of the elderly. …
____?____Therefore, it is reasonable to expect that some combination of these options may be needed to provide the care we hope to give to our elderly generations.
A. To sum up, all these options have advantages and disadvantages.
B. It’s unfair to let the social organization shoulder all the responsibility.
C. To make this possible, a percentage of profits should be set aside for this purpose.
四、例题讲解（篇章结构类的解题技巧）

1、写自己想说的话，写想像中的事物，写出自己对周围事物的认识和感想。1.标题型 —— 短小精悍 （多为名词性短语、祈使句）

（6）燕子低飞、（小鱼）游出（水面）、（蚂蚁）搬家表示要（下雨）了。2.首句型1) 首段首句，文章主题，首尾呼应 2) 中间段首句，总结下文—— 本段主题，靠上下文承接做题
3)末段首句 ，文章主题，首尾呼应
如果问题在段首，通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题。如果问题在段尾，通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。

(4)牧童骑（黄牛），歌声振林越，意欲捕鸣蝉，忽然（闭口立）。1._____ 37 ______
Before your teen gets behind the wheel of a car, he or she should be familiar with the rules of the road. You should have your teen review the driver’s handbook and the vehicle’s instruction. If your teen understands the basic rules and how the car works, then he or she will feel a little better about getting on the road. （2016广东适应性测试）

提手旁：找、扫、把、拉A. Teach your teen the rules of the road

哭—笑 早—晚 出—入 左—右 上—下B. Everyone should be considerate of others on the road

（8）乌鸦看见一个瓶子，瓶子里有水。可是，瓶子里的水（不多），瓶口（又小）。乌鸦把（小石子）一个一个地放进瓶子里。瓶子里的水（升高）了，乌鸦就喝着水了。C. You should show good driving techniques with examples

xīng（兴盛） fà（头发） zh?ng（种子 huán（还书）五、总结
 考纲解读：主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。

② 飞来飞去 走来走去 跑来跑去 跳来跳去 选项特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）过渡性句子（文章结构）注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）1.主旨概括：文章的标题、段落小标题、段落主题句 2.衔接：词汇的衔接 (lexical cohesion)(1) 代冠词指代 it, they, this, that, these, the…(2) 词汇复现 原词、同源词、同义词、近义词、反义词 等复现3.上下文逻辑意义 (logical coherence)

名（有名）（出名）（名字）（成名）（名气） 看连接词，问答，以及上下文解释说明等关系，也就是上下文逻辑关系。

例一、青+（虫）= 蜻 赶 —干 =（ 走）

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