驾驶安全一些注意事项样本.docx

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How to Avoid Hydroplaning
如何避免车辆滑水, 湿滑路面打滑现象
Hydroplaning occurs when your car's tires slip on a wet or icy surface. By taking the proper precautions listed below, you can reduce the probability of your car hydroplaning.
当汽车行驶在湿滑及结冰路面易发生车辆打滑现象, 经过采取如下罗列的适当措施, 可有效减低车辆打滑的概率。

It is important to make sure that your tires are in good condition and are properly inflated.
确保车辆轮胎良好且合适的胎压很重要
· Get into the habit of taking curves and corners slowly and braking gradually.
· 养成车辆转弯时慢速及缓踩刹车的习惯。
· The danger of hydroplaning is highest when rain is just starting to fall because light rain can mix with oily residue on the road and make the surface slick. Therefore, it is important to drive extra carefully at the beginning of a rainstorm.
· 在雨刚下的时候是打滑最危险的时候, 因为下雨能够同路面的含油物混合使得路面光滑, 因此, 在雨刚下的时候驾驶必须额外小心。
· Avoid driving through puddles and try to drive in the tracks of the vehicle in front of you--but don't follow too closely. Allow a little extra distance between your vehicle and others.
· 驾驶时应避免前车溅起的水漩涡, 跟随前车轨迹行驶, 但不能靠太近, 应保持适当大的距离。
· Avoid sudden stops. If you're coming to a stop sign, slow down gradually by pumping your brakes. If a sharp curve is coming up, slow down well in advance of it.
· 避免紧急刹车, 当遇到停车标志及信号, 请缓慢制动至停车, 当遇到急弯, 请提前减速。
· Don't use cruise control when the roads are slick.
· 当路面湿滑是, 请不要使用车辆定速巡航功能。
· If you have a manual transmission, stay in the lower gears.
· 湿滑路面时, 手动档车辆, 请保持在低速档行驶。
· Even the best drivers will go into a skid sometimes. If this happens, resist the temptation to hit the brakes and instead take your foot off the gas and turn your steering wheel in the direction the rear of your vehicle is drifting. This will help to regain control and direct your vehicle in the right direction.
· 如果发生车辆即将打滑的情况, 好司机必须做到禁止急踩刹车而且松开油门, 并往车辆打滑的方向转动方向盘, 这样可消除打滑保持正确行驶方向。

5 Tips For Driving in the Fog
5个雾天驾驶习惯
Driving in fog is dangerous because visibility is reduced. To keep safe, follow these five tips for driving in fog:
由于能见度的减低, 雾天驾驶很危险, 为保证安全, 请遵守下面5个雾天驾驶习惯。

1. Slow down. If you cannot see where you are going, do not drive fast. Use your speedometer as a guide to regulate your speed, because thick fog masks the sensation of speed by removing visual indicators of velocity.
1、 减少慢行, 当你看不清你行驶的前方时, 不要快速行驶, 观察车速表来控制车速, 大雾使得由于失去参照物的原因对速度的感觉不真实。

2. Use low-beam headlights. When visibility is restricted a driver's natural tendency is to activate the high-beam headlights. When driving in fog, this further impairs visibility because the high-beam illumination reflects off of the fog and back at your vehicle.
2、 使用车头的近光灯, 当能见度减低, 司机的自然反应就是打开远光灯, 在大雾中驾驶时, 这样会更加减低能见度, 因为大雾会反射远光灯光至车辆。

3. Use fog lights. If your vehicle has front fog lights, they can help illuminate the road and make your vehicle more visible to other drivers. Some vehicles have rear fog lights, which help motorists who are following you to see your vehicle from a greater distance.
3、 使用雾灯, 当你的车辆有前雾灯, 她能够帮助照亮道路使得你的车辆能够更好的看到其它驾驶者, 一些车辆有后雾灯, 她能够帮助跟随你的车辆在很远的距离看见你。

4. Use the right-side pavement line as a guide. In thick fog, use the white line painted on the right side of the road as a guide. Do not use the center pavement markings, because doing so will guide you to move closer to oncoming vehicles, which are also driven by people having trouble seeing where they are going.
4、 靠道路右侧的标示线行驶, 在大雾中, 以道路右侧的白色标示线为引导行驶, 不要用道路中央的标示线为引导行驶, 因为这会使得你同将从对面行驶过来的车辆更靠近, 她们在大雾中对车辆行驶的前方也看不清。
5.    Do not stop on the road. When you cannot see where you are going, a natural reaction is to slow down or even stop. In fog, never stop on the road. Find a safe place to pull over that is as far away from traffic as possible and turn off your lights. Leaving your lights on may cause motorists to think that your taillights indicate the lane of travel, which could cause a collision.
5、 不要再路上停车, 当你看不见前面行驶的道路时, 自然反应就是减速或停车, 在大雾中, 不要把车停在路中间, 找一个安全的地方靠边停车, 远离交通要道, 而且关上车灯, 留下来的灯光可能使得其它司机认为你的尾灯处是交通出口, 这样可能导致碰撞。

The 9 Most Dangerous Distracted Driver Habits
9个最危险的注意力不集中的驾驶习惯
Distracted driving is a growing epidemic in America. In-car technology, whether hand-held or integrated into the vehicle, is significantly compounding the problem, to the point that Nevada has given Google permission to test driverless automated cars on its public roadways. With several car companies working on bringing automated vehicles to market, it seems it will be a matter of time before a car becomes nothing more than a personal transportation pod.
注意力不集中的驾驶在美国是一个增长的传染病, 在汽车应用技术中, 存在一种便携式或者嵌入式处理该问题的意义的方案, 内华达州已经允许Google在普通道路上进行无人驾驶车辆的测试, 几家汽车公司也准备将这种车辆带入市场, 看来汽车变成仅仅是人的运输仓也只是个时间问题。

Below is a list of the 9 most dangerous distracted-driving habits.
下面试9中注意力不集中的驾驶习惯

1.    Texting. Text messaging is one of the most dangerous things a person can do while driving. Not only does it reduce situational awareness of the road ahead and surrounding traffic, but it also forces the driver to take his or her eyes off the road.
1、 写短信, 当在驾驶时发短信是一件最危险的事情。这不但减少驾驶员对道路前方和周围的路况感知, 更使得驾驶员的眼睛离开路面。

2.    Reading or Surfing the Internet. Smartphones, tablets, and in-car Internet access have made browsing the Web as easy and accessible as turning on your car radio. While this is very convenient, it is causing drivers to be increasingly distracted as they attempt to multi-task driving and Web browsing.
2、 上网, 智能手机, 平板电脑, 汽车应用互联网应用使得浏览网页同打开汽车收音机一样简单, 变的很方便的同事, 也导致驾驶员越来越多的试着在驾驶时取做更多的事情比如浏览网页。
3.    Operating an iPod or Streaming Music Functions. Whether connected wirelessly or with a USB cable, using an iPod or smartphone to feed music from your personal collection or an Internet radio station to your car's audio system is more dangerous than scanning through radio stations on AM, FM or satellite bands that are integrated with your car.
3、 操作IPOD或者操作控制音乐, 经过USB线, 用IPOD或者智能手机连接到汽车收听自己收集的或者在网络的音乐, 这样比直接经过车载的收音机收听广播节目更危险。

4.    Operating a Navigation System. Most navigation systems do not allow programming to occur while the car is in motion, endlessly frustrating passengers who simply want to input a destination without stopping. Some companies, however, do allow the driver to use their navigation system while the car is moving.
4、 操作导航系统, 大部分导航系统不允许车辆在行驶中操作, 大部分人希望只需输入目的地而不停车。这导致她们很沮丧, 因此一些公司允许驾驶员在行驶中操作导航系统。

5.    Talking on the Phone. In some states, drivers cannot use a hand-held device to make or receive a phone call while the car is moving. That is because when you are engaged in a conversation, you are less likely to pay attention to the road.
5、 打电话, 在一些州, 在车辆行驶的时候, 驾驶员是不允许接听及拨打电话的, 因为当你忙于交谈时, 会忽视对道路状态的关注。

6.    Applying Makeup. If someone offered to pay you $20 to drive to work tomorrow morning while looking in your vanity mirror and poking at your eyes with a sharp object, it is likely that you would turn the offer down. Yet thousands of motorists do this every day in exchange for an extra 15 minutes of sleep.
5、 补妆, 假如有人支付你20美元请你做司机明天早上开车去上班, 当看见你对着化妆镜拨弄眼睛的时候, 有可能会打消这种想法, 可是大部分驾驶员, 为了换取多睡15分钟都这么干。

7.    Reaching for Dropped Items. Whether something you need has dropped onto the floor or between the seats, reaching to get your cell phone, a key card, paperwork, or a toy for your child is a major distraction to driving.
7、 伸手捡掉落的东西, 一些东西需要你弯腰伸手至座椅之间的地面去捡的时候, 比如手机, 卡片, 笔记本, 或者小孩的玩具, 这会导致驾驶时注意力不集中。

8.    Reprimanding Children. When your children are acting up, it is a natural reaction to look back to see what is going on. However, if you're looking at your kids, who is watching the road for you?
8、 惩罚小孩, 当你的小孩调皮, 你很自然的反应时扭头看她接下来会干什么, 可是, 当你去看小孩的时候, 谁会替你去看前面的路面呢。

9.    Eating. Most people consume food and beverages while driving. The messier the food, the more care that is required to keep food scraps off of the car and the driver's clothing, and the more distracting it becomes.
9、 吃东西, 大部分人驾驶的时候吃东西喝饮料, 实物越脏, 越需要小心不要弄脏了车辆和衣服, 这会更加的分散你的注意力。

10 Dangerous Driving Habits
10个危险的驾驶习惯
By avoiding these 10 dangerous driving habits, we can significantly decrease the number of preventable vehicle-related accidents each year:
经过避免这10种危险的驾驶习惯, 我们能够有效的减少每年机动车事故的数量。

1 Driving While Drunk. If you drink alcohol, don't drive. It is that simple. A single alcoholic beverage impairs your ability to operate a motor vehicle, even if your blood alcohol content (BAC) is within legal limits.
1、 酒驾, 当你喝了酒, 请不要驾驶, 很简单, 任何一种酒精饮料都可能损害你操作机动车的能力, 甚至血液酒精含量在标准以下。

2. Driving While Medicated. Many over-the-counter and prescription medications caution against driving while or after taking them. Some medications impair your driving abilities in a similar fashion to that of alcohol.
2、 吃药后驾驶, 一些非处方和处方药警告禁止驾驶时吃或吃过后禁止驾驶, 一些药像酒精一样会损害你的驾驶能力。

3.  Driving While Tired. If you are drowsy, do not drive. If drowsiness sets in during a trip, take a break to rest.
3、 疲劳驾驶, 当你很困的时候, 请不要驾驶, 当你在旅途中很困的时候, 请休息一下。
4. Driving While Distracted. Modern life and technology presents numerous distractions while driving--so many that we've covered the subject of distracted driving in a separate article.
4、 注意力不集中的驾驶, 现代的生活和技术的出现对驾驶造成很对干扰, 我们曾经开辟单独的一部分来描述。

5. Running Red Lights. If your light is red, the light for cross traffic is green. If you run a red light, you dramatically increase your risk of getting into an accident.
5、 撞红灯, 当红灯亮起, 交叉车流将绿灯亮起, 如果你撞红灯, 将大大增加发生事故的可能。

6. Speeding. The faster you go, the longer it takes to slow or stop your vehicle, increasing your risk of colliding with other motorists or objects. This is particularly true if it is dark, foggy, smoky, raining, or snowing.
6、 超速行驶, 开的越快, 停车或减速的距离就越长, 增加铜其它驾驶车辆或物体的撞击的可能, 这是真实存在的, 特别是在夜晚, 雾天, 烟雾, 雨天和下雪。

7. Tailgating. Following other motorists too closely restricts your visibility and reduces your ability to stop in time in the event that traffic ahead suddenly slows or stops. Either way, you increase your chances of getting into an accident.
7、 紧跟前车驾驶, 跟随其它驾驶员太近, 会限制你的视线减低你及时停车的能力, 当前方出现事故或者突然减速或停车, 不论怎样, 大大增加导致事故的可能。

8. Not Wearing Your Seat Belt. The laws of physics dictate that if your car comes to a sudden stop, objects inside of it will continue moving forward until they encounter an obstacle, such as a steering wheel, dashboard, or windshield. Your seat belt is designed to stop your body at the same time as your car in the event of an accident, to protect your body from the impact.
8、 未系安全带, 物理定律显示当你车辆突然停止时, 里面的物体会继续向前移动直到碰到阻碍, 比如汽车方向盘, 仪表台, 挡风玻璃, 安全带设计时为了在事故中保护你的身体避免碰撞。

9. Failing to Signal or Yield. Your turn signals are designed to indicate to other motorists your intentions with regard to changing lanes or turning. Use them, so that other people know what your next move is going to be.
9、 不打信号灯, 你打信号灯饰为了告诉其它驾驶者你的将转向或或者变道, 经过踏板其它驾驶员就知道你下一步将开完那个方向。

10.   Failing to Maintain Your Vehicle. Dirty windows and worn wiper blades can reduce your visibility; bald tires negatively impact handling, and if they blow out, often lead to a loss of control; and inoperable lighting makes it difficult for you to see, and for other motorists to see you when you are slowing down, backing up, or changing lanes.
10、 不保养你的车辆, 脏的玻璃和磨损严重的雨刮片能减低你的视线, 花纹磨光了的轮胎在爆胎时不易控制, 经常导致车辆失控, 不能用的灯光使得你很难看得见, 或你减速, 倒车, 变线时其它驾驶员也很难看到。

5 Tips For City Driving
5种市区内驾驶习惯
Driving in a city can be challenging. Depending on the city, the day of the week, and the time of day, a barrage of visual, aural, and tactile information assaults a driver's senses when venturing into the heart of any city, anywhere. To help you tackle the concrete jungle with greater confidence, here are five quick tips for city driving.
在市区内驾驶是一种挑战, 取决于该地区的一周的哪一天, 一天的哪一时刻, 大量视觉, 听觉及触觉上的信息干扰的了驾驶员的感觉, 当她冒险进入一个城市的中心的时候, 在任何地方, 为帮助你拥有更大的信心处理水泥丛林, 这有5条快捷驾驶技巧帮助你在市区驾驶。

Slow down: Frequently, cities are densely packed with people and cars. You have to be prepared in case other motorists and pedestrians do something completely unexpected. To improve your reaction times, it is best to proceed slowly. Don't impede traffic, of course, but don't race down streets, alleys, or in parking lots. That way, when you encounter a surprise, you can stop faster.
放慢速度: 经常的市区充满了人和车, 你必须准备着以防其它驾驶员或者行人做出突然的举动, 以提高你反应时间, 以最快的速度减速, 不要阻塞交通, 当然, 更不能再街道, 小巷, 或停车场快速行驶, 这样在你碰上突然袭击的时候能够快速停车。
Watch for pedestrians: In some cities, people don't like to wait for the crosswalk signal to indicate that it is safe to cross the street. When driving in a city, especially when making turns around corners, you need to watch closely for such pedestrians.
看行人: 在一些城市, 人们不喜欢等人行道指示灯亮就穿越马路, 在这些城市驾驶时, 特别需要注意在转弯时观察行人。
Know where you are going: If your car has a navigation system that can hold a GPS signal among tall buildings; if you have a telematics system, such as OnStar, with turn-by-turn directions; or if your smartphone features a similar type of a service and doesn't lose signal in the city, these are the best ways to get to a specific address. Sometimes it's a good idea to study a map beforehand so that you have a good sense of where you're headed, and how to get there.
需要知道自己往哪走: 如果你有导航系统, 她能够在高楼大厦中接收GPS信号, 如果你有远程信息服务系统, 比如安吉星, 经过语言提示导航, 或者你的智能手机拥有相似的服务而不丢失信号, 这是最好的到达目的地的方法, 有适合提前看看地图这样你会有更好的意识知道你在哪该往哪走。
Prepare to pay for parking: Parking in the city is easy, but you need to be prepared to pay a parking meter or for a space in a lot. Free parking is typically non-existent, and driving around looking for it adds unnecessary risk. Find your destination and find the closest parking lot.
准备为停车付钱: 在城市停车很方便, 可是你需要准备为停车米表或短时停车在停车场付费, 免费停车时不存在的, 而且驾车找停车场增加了不必要的风险, 找到你的目的地和最近的停车场。
Tap your inner guide: This may sound counterintuitive given the first tip about slowing down, but when you venture into a city, especially a place like Manhattan, you need to find your place among the cab drivers, bus drivers, and delivery truck drivers.
挖掘内部向导: 这似乎听上去有点自相矛盾给第一个提示需要慢下来, 可是但你突然进入一个城市的时候, 特别是向曼哈顿这样的城市, 你需要在出租车司机, 巴士司机, 和卡车司机中找到你的当前所在的位置。

Tips for the Test Drive
试驾习惯
Test driving a car takes just a short time, but it is one of the most important steps in determining whether or not a new vehicle is right for you. The most important part about a test drive is removing the subjectivity, or emotion, and focusing on the objective at hand to determine whether this is an ideal vehicle for your particular life situation. While test drive opportunities are not always optimal, it is important to look for certain things during your time behind the wheel, and to learn as much about the vehicle as possible.
车辆试驾仅用很短的时间, 但这是决定一辆新车是否合适你的最重要的一步, 试驾最重要的一部分就是去掉主观臆断, 和情绪化, 集中于这辆车对你生活而言是否是一辆完美的车。有时候试驾机会不是很好, 在试驾时仔细检查并尽量多的了解所试驾的车辆非常重要。

First, adjust all vehicle controls before you leave the lot. You will be spending some time behind the wheel, so ensure that you fit into the seat and that there is plenty of support for your particular frame everyone will fit differently in a seat and some automakers offer different seats for different trim levels within the same model.
首先, 在你开车离开之前, 调整车辆的控制系统, 你可能驾驶一段时间, 明确座椅调节合适, 这有一些特别的结构支持每个人在座位上感觉不同, 一些汽车制造商为同一平台不同配置车型提供不同的座位。

So, if you like a pa