交通拥堵.pptx

2013.5.21TRAFFIC JAMPresent situationNegative impactsCausesCountermeasuresContentsContentsWuhan blossoms university1.Present situationDelay:wasting time.Environment:air pollution and health dangerEconomic loss Economic loss:energy seriously T Traffic accidentraffic accident 2.Negative Negative impactsimpacts The essence of traffic jamDemand（Traffic demand）supply（Traffic capacity）3.CausesausesThe great increase in the number of private cars.The slow and inefficient construction and improvement of the roads and streets.The insufficient management of the traffic system.Peoples lack of awareness of traffic regulations.Others:weather,traffic accidents 4.CausesausesCountermeasuresCountermeasures No solve,just ease To increase supply creating new routesincreasingtraffic capacity through traffic management improvements based on the existing roadsTo reducing demand parking restrictions road pricing policy approaches4.CountermeasurCountermeasureses 4.4.CountermeasuresCountermeasures Road infrastructure Road infrastructure Urban planning and land useUrban planning and land useTraffic management Traffic management Other associated Other associated Development of public transportsRoad infrastructure Road infrastructure Junction improvements grade separation,using bridges or tunnels.reducing junctionsReversible lanes,where certain sections of highway operate in the opposite direction on different times of the day/days of the week,to match asymmetric demand.Road infrastructure Road infrastructure Separate lanes for specific user groups(usually with the goal of higher people throughput with fewer vehicles)Bus lanes as part of a busway systemRoad infrastructure HOV lanes,for vehicles with at least three(sometimes at least two)riders,intended to encourage carpoolingHOV High Occupancy VehicleRoad infrastructure For example:The city is divided into 55 villages.The meaning of their community is different with our residential area.Within a community,peoples work and life leisure basically can be solved.office buildingshospitalsschoolsparksshopping centersrestaurantsUrban planning and land useResidential buildingsUse of so-called Intelligent transportation system,which guide traffic:Traffic management Traffic management Traffic reporting,via variable message signs installed along the roadway,to advise road users.traffic signal coordinationtraffic green wave controltraffic red wave controlTraffic management Traffic management Traffic congestion chargeTraffic management Traffic management Public transport:faster and cheaperThe busRail transit Public bicycleTaxiDevelopment of public transportsBus Rapid TransitRail transit:The subwayLight railTrolleyDevelopment of public transportsThe subway of NanjingPublic transport:faster and cheaperThe busRail transit Public bicycleTaxiDevelopment of public transportsTaxiDevelopment of public transportsBefore you leave home,Before you leave home,call taxi company,then call taxi company,then you will get a taxi you will get a taxi when you need without when you need without waitwait.School opening times arranged to avoid rush hour traffic Stagger time for workWork at homeConsiderate driving behaviour promotion and enforcement.Online shoppingOther associated Other associated