2021年高考英语试卷（新课标ⅱ）（含解析版）.pdf

2021 年全国高考乙卷英语试题年全国高考乙卷英语试题 注意事项：注意事项：1、答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。、答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分）分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。题卡上。第一节（共第一节（共 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 7.5 分）分）听下面听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是 C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the man doing?A.Asking the way.B.Giving directions.C.Correcting a mistake.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Excuse me,I got lost.I took a bus to city hall,but I cant find the place.W:This is the concert hall,not city hall.To go there,you should take the bus at Grand Hotel over there.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What dress size does the woman want?A.8.B.10.C.12.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Can I help you?W:Im looking for a size twelve dress.M:Oh,let me see.An eight,a ten.Ah,youre lucky.I have the prettiest dress here in a twelve.Why dont you try it on?3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the woman likely to do?A.Make a phone call.B.Handle the problem.C.Have a rest.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Do you think you can take care of everything in the office today?M:No problem.Just go home and take a rest.If there is anything I feel I cannot handle,Ill call you.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Which tour does the man seem to be interested in?A.The evening tour.B.The half-day tour.C.The full-day tour.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:We have a half-day tour,a full-day tour and an evening tour.Which one would you like?M:What is the schedule of the half-day tourW:It sets out at 8:30 a.m.and returns at 2:00 p.m.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where are the speakers?A.At a canteen.B.At a clinic.C.At a bank.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Now,what seems to be the trouble,Mrs.Stevens?W:Ive been very dizzy lately.And last night,I had some chest pain.M:Dont worry.Let me have a look.第二节（共第二节（共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 22.5 分）分）听下面听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.What does the woman think of the match?A.Entertaining.B.Discouraging.C.Boring.7.What do the speakers plan to do on Tuesday afternoon?A.Watch a game.B.Play tennis.C.Go to the cinema.【答案】6.A 7.B【解析】【原文】W:Wow.That was a great match.I really like watching tennis games.M:Me too.I think tennis is an exciting sport.W:I think so.Do you play tennis,John?M:Yes,but not very well.Do you play?W:A little.How about a game on Tuesday afternoon?M:Sure.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.What does the man advise Mrs.White to do?A.Go on a diet.B.Do more exercise.C.Get enough sleep.9.Which can be included in Mrs.Whites breakfast?A.Eggs.B.Sausages.C.Porridge.10.What is the man?A.A teacher.B.A physician.C.A chef.【答案】8.A 9.C 10.B【解析】【原文】M:Mrs.White,Im afraid we have to put you on a strict diet.From now on,youre going to have to stay away from salty food.W:Does that mean I cant have any more fast food?M:Right.You cant have any fried food or steaks.W:What about breakfast food like eggs and sausages?M:Those are all bad for you.But you can have porridge,bread and orange juice.W:Well,what about lunch and dinner?M:Have a salad for lunch.As for dinner,you can have all the vegetables you want.Fish and chicken are also okay.W:What about dessert?Can I still have ice cream?M:Yes,but not too much.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.How does Nancy look to Daniel?A.Confused.B.Excited.C.Anxious.12.Why does Daniel mention his performance in a play?A.To comfort Nancy.B.To express his regret.C.To show his pride.13.What is Nancy going to do next week?A.Take a school test.B.Have a check-up.C.Go in for a competition.14.What does Daniel offer to do for Nancy?A.Rewrite her lines.B.Drive her to the theatre.C.Help her with the practice.【答案】11.C 12.A 13.C 14.C【解析】【原文】M:Hi Nancy!You look worried.Whats wrong?W:Well Daniel,have you ever felt nervous on stage?M:Sure.Do you remember that play I was in a few years ago?I knew my lines,but I was terrified to have to recite them in front of an audience.As soon as I saw the crowd of people down there,my heart beat so fast that I was unable to say a single word.W:Thats how I feel just thinking about the spelling competition next week.M:I didnt know you made it to the finals.W:Im worried Ill get nervous and freeze on stage.I might forget how to spell everything,even my own name.I dont know what to do.M:Nancy,I know that you re not going to forget how to spell your name.Ill help you get through this.Ill go to the school hall with you to practice.Then Ill teach you an exercise my baseball coach taught me.Believe me.It works.W:I feel much better now.Thanks,Daniel.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】15.What was Prof.Stones grandfather afraid of?A.Leaving his home.B.Parting from his son.C.Taking early retirement.16.What does old age mean to many elderly Americans?A.Lack of moral support.B.Loss of self-worth.C.Change of living habits.17.What will Prof.Stone talk about next concerning elderly people?A.Public services they ask for.B.Health care available to them.C.Contributions they can make.【答案】15.A 16.B 17.C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,ladies and gentlemen!Today,we have invited Prof.Stone to talk about the role of elderly people in our society.Welcome to our show,Prof.Stone.M:To begin with,Id like to tell a story from my own life.Several years ago,when my grandparents were well into their 80s,they were no longer able to care for themselves very well.My grandfather was afraid of leaving the only home they had known for the past 60 years.The idea of having to sell their home and move into a retirement home was an extremely painful experience for them.Indeed,old age for them,and many old Americans can mean not only the possible failure of ones health,but the loss of identity and self-worth.W:Yes,its true.What do you have to say about the problem of old age?M:Many experts have given talks here that have focused on the medical care,and the development of public services for senior citizens.Today,Id like to focus my comments on the meaningful roles that elderly can play and should play in our society.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.What does the speakers mother want her to be?A.A confident person.B.A warm-hearted person.C.A humorous person.19.Why did the speaker feel lonely in her childhood?A.She often traveled by herself.B.Her family moved frequently.C.Her mother was busy working.20.What does the speaker mainly talk about?A.Importance of home schooling.B.Mother-daughter relationship.C.A role model in her family.【答案】18.A 19.B 20.B【解析】【原文】W:Talking about personal relationships.Well,Id naturally think of my relationship with my mother.Whenever I need help,my mother is always there for me.She often tells me that I can be anyone I want,as long as Im confident of myself.She sees my talent and pushes me to do the best I possibly can.As I was growing upwe were often on the move.I had to admit that moving so often made me feel lonely.But my mother did everything she could to help me feel happy.In fact,so much traveling was really a good thing because it made us close.I respect my mother so much as she never treats me as a child,but as an equal.She gives me the freedom to make mistakes and to learn from them all.Unlike friendships that can fade or break,I know Ill always be connected to my mother no matter what I face.She is not just a role model,but someone I love.第二部分第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 分，满分分，满分 30 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A The Biggest Stadiums in the World People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece.In around 80 A.D.,the Romans built the Colosseum,which remains the worlds best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design.Romes Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances,seating 50,000 people.However,that was small fry compared with the citys Circus Maximus,which accommodated around 250,000 people.These days,safety regulations-not to mention the modern sports fans desire for a good view and comfortable seattend to keep stadium capacities（容量）slightly lower.Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each;gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.For the biggest stadiums in the world,we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far,which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity,as well as updated information from official stadium websites.All these stadiums are still funtiona1,still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.Rungrado 1st of May Stadium,Pyongyang D.P.R.Korea.Capacity:150,000.Opened:May 1,1989.Michigan Stadium,Ann Arbor,Michigan,U.S.Capacity:107,601.Opened:October 1,1927.Beaver Stadium,State College,Pennsylvania,U.S.Capacity:106,572.Opened:September 17,1960.Ohio Stadium,Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity:104,944.Opened:October 7,1922.Kyle Field,College Station,Texas,U.S.Capacity:102,512.Opened:September 24,1927.21.How many people could the Circus Maximus hold?A.104,944.B.107,601.C.About 150,000.D.About 250,000.22.Of the following stadiums,which is the oldest?A.Michigan Stadium.B.Beaver Stadium.C.Ohio Stadium.D.Kyle Field.23.What do the listed stadiums have in common?A.They host big games.B.They have become tourist attractions.C.They were built by Americans.D.They are favored by architects.【答案】21.D 22.C 23.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上著名的大型竞技场的基本情况。目前这些竞技场仍在运行并且还在承办大型体育赛事。【21 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“However,that was small fry compared with the citys Circus Maximus,which accommodated around 250,000 people.”(然而，与这座城市容纳了 25 万人的大竞技场相比，这只是小巫见大巫。)可知，Circus Maximus 的可以容纳 250,000 人。故选 D 项。【22 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后部分中的“Ohio Stadium,Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity:104,944.Opened October 7,1922.”(美国俄亥俄州哥伦布市俄亥俄体育场，容纳人数：104,944 人。1922 年 10 月 7 日开业。)及其他四个著名竞技场的开放时间介绍可知，Ohio Stadium 开放时间最早在 1922 年，属于年代最久远的。故选 C 项。【23 题详解】细节理解题。根据文中“All these stadiums are still functional,still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.”(所有这些体育场馆仍在使用，仍在开放，仍在举办世界上最大的体育赛事。)可知，这些体育馆都还在承办大型的体育赛事。故选 A 项。B When almost everyone has a mobile phone,why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline（座机）?These days youd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesnt own a mobile phone.In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket.Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere,anytime.Still,55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter（29%）rely only on their smartphones according to a survey（调查）.Of those Australians who still have a landline,a third concede that its not really necessary and theyre keeping it as a security blanket 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies.I think my home falls into that category.More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone.Age is naturally a factor（因素）only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then,compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers whove perhaps had the same home number for 50 years.Age isnt the only factor;Id say its also to do with the makeup of your household.Generation Xers with young families,like my wife and I,can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member.That said,to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents,to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone（using Caller ID would take the fun out of it）.How attached are you to your landline?How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries?24.What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones?A.Their target users.B.Their wide popularity.C.Their major functions.D.Their complex design.25.What does the underlined word“concede”in paragraph 3 mean?A.Admit.B.Argue.C.Remember.D.Remark.26.What can we say about Baby Boomers?A.They like smartphone games.B.They enjoy guessing callers identity.C.They keep using landline phones.D.They are attached to their family.27.What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph?A.It remains a family necessity.B.It will fall out of use some day.C.It may increase daily expenses.D.It is as important as the gas light.【答案】24.B 25.A 26.C 27.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚使用固定电话的情况，并且表达了固定电话是非必需品的观点。【24 题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“These days youd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesnt own a mobile phone.In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket.Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere,anytime.(现在你很难在澳大利亚找到 15 岁以上的没有手机的人。事实上，很多年幼的孩子口袋里都有手机。几乎每个人都可以随时随地拨打和接听电话)”可推知，本段主要说明手机在澳大利亚广受欢迎。故选 B 项。【25 题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词的上文“Of those Australians who still have a landline(在那些仍然有固定电话的澳大利亚人中)”可知，这个调查的目标人群是仍然有固定电话的澳大利亚人；根据下文“its not really necessary and theyre keeping it as a security blanket 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies(固定电话并不是必须的，他们将其作为一种安全保障19%的人表示他们从未使用过固定电话，另有 13%的人保留固定电话以防紧急情况)”可知，很多人认为固定电话并不是必须拥有的，有些人保留固定电话只是为了防止紧急情况。从而推知，在调查中，他们应该是承认了固定电话的非必要性。由此推知，划线单词“concede”意为“承认”。故选 A 项。【26 题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“84 percent of Baby Boomers whove perhaps had the same home number for 50 years.(婴儿潮时代中有 84%的人可能已经有 50 年相同的家庭号码了)”以及文章第五段“That said,to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents(也就是说，老实说，唯一打过我们家电话的人是婴儿潮一代的父母)”可推知，婴儿潮时代的人一直用固定电话。故选 C 项。【27 题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“How attached are you to your landline?How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries?(你有多喜欢你的座机？它们还要多久才能走上煤气路灯和早晨送牛奶的道路？)”可推知，本段使用类比的方式，使用煤气路灯以及早晨送牛奶已经被淘汰的例子，侧面说明了固定电话总有一天会废弃的。故选 B 项。C Youve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year.But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference?Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does.He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage,forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.At the beginning of the year,the artist built a piece called“Strawpocalypse,”a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves,frozen mid-crash.Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups,the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam.Just 9%of global plastic waste is recycled.Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source（来源）of plastic pollution,but theyve recently come under fire because most people dont need them to drink with and,because of their small size and weight,they cannot be recycled.Every straw thats part of V