动词三单变化专项练习-1.doc

么是第三人称单数？
一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如：
He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。
He ______ ( like ) collecting stamps.
She has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。
She _______ ( get ) up at 6:00 o’clock.
It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。
It _____ ( take ) me an hour to do my homework.
二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。如：
①John looks like her father. 约翰看起来像他的父亲。
Sarah ______ ( walk ) to a fast food restaurant.
②Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。
_______ ( be ) Chinatown far from here ?
③Uncle Wang often makes kites. 王叔叔经常做风筝。
My pen pal often ________ ( make ) model planes.
三、单数可数名词或“this / that / the+单数可数名词”作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：
①A horse has four feet. 马有四条腿。( a horse是单数可数名词)
A dinosaur _______ ( be ) very tall.
②This book is yours. 这本书是你的。（this + 单数可数名词book）
This stamp ______ ( be ) nice.
③That car is red. 那辆小汽车是红色的。（that + 单数可数名词car）
That cat ______ ( look ) like a hat.
④The cat is Sarah's. 这只猫是萨拉的。（the + 单数可数名词cat ）
The bird ______ ( like ) singing.
四、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something，nothing等及指示代词this, that作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：
①Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。
_______ ( be ) everyone here today ?
②Something is wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。
这句话也可写成: There is something wrong with the watch.
Something _______ ( be ) wrong with my bike.
③This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。
This _____ ( be ) my pen pal in Canada.
④That is an eraser. 那是一块橡皮擦。
_____ ( be ) that Liu Yun speaking ?
五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如：
①The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。
The water ______ ( be ) too hot.
②The bread is very small. 那面包很小。
The meat ______ ( be ) too expensive.
六、当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。如：
①"6" is a lucky number. "6"是个吉利数字。
“ 13 ” ______ ( be ) an unlucky number.
②"I" is a letter. "I"是个字母。
“ O ” _____ ( look ) like “ zero”.
③ One plus one is two. 一加一等于二。
Ten minus two ____ ( be ) eight.
一般现在时——动词第三人称单数
在一般现在时中，如果主语是第三人称单数，动词则需用第三人称单数形式；
动词的否定句和疑问句要借助于助动词does来构成。
动词第三人称单数形式的变化规则：
① 一般情况下，直接在动词词尾加-s。
例如： swim—swims       get—gets play— plays make— makes
② 以字母s, x, o, ch或sh结尾的动词，词尾加-es。
例如： guess—guesses     fix—fixes  teach—teaches    wash—washes
③ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-es。
例如： fly—flies  study—studies carry— carries

当主语是第三人称单数时的句型结构：
① 肯定句：主语 + 动词第三人称单数形式 + 其他.
例如： She likes English.
② 否定句：主语 + does not / doesn't + 动词原形 + 其他.
例如： Sarah doesn't like diving.
③ 一般疑问句：Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
Does Amy like making kites ?
艾米喜欢制作风筝吗？
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+does. 否定回答：No, 主语+doesn't.
Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t.
例如： —Does he go to school by bus ?
       —Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.
④ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?
如：Zhang Peng goes to the bookstore by subway. （改为一般疑问句）
Does Zhang Peng go to the bookstore by subway ?
Zhang Peng goes to the bookstore by subway. （提划线部分提问）
How does Zhang Peng go to the bookstore ?

特别提示：当句中有助动词does出现时，动词要用原形。
如：①She goes to school by bike.（改为否定句）
She doesn’t goes to school by bike.（因为句中goes没有改为动词原形，所以这句话是错的.）正确的句子应该写成：She doesn’t go to school by bike.
② Amy’s mother goes to work by car.（改为一般疑问句）
Does Amy’s mother goes to work by car ? （因为句中goes没有改为动词原形，所以这句话是错的.）正确的句子应该写成：Does Amy’s mother go to work by car ?
动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律
☆动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同，请认真观察。
1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s]，在浊辅音及元音后发音为 [z]。如：
①清辅音stop－stops [s] ; make－makes [s]
②浊辅音read－reads [z] ; 元音play－plays [z]
2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es”读[iz]。 如：
fly－flies [z]； carry－carries [z]
study－studies [z]; worry－worries [z]
3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es”，发音为[iz]。 如：
teach－teaches [iz]; watch－watches [iz]
4、以“o”结尾的动词，加“es”，读[z] 。如：
go－goes [z] do－does [z]
下面几个动词变为单数时，原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化，请注意记忆。 如：
1、do [du:]－does [d ^z]
2、say [sei]－says [sez]
以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词，如果尾音是[s]，[z]时，加“s”后字母“e”发音， 与所加“s”一起读做[iz]。 如：close－closes [iz]

用所给词的适当形式填空！
1. — ______ he ______ ( live ) in the country ? —Yes, he _______ .
2. —What ______ he _______ ( like ) ? —He ______ ( like) diving.
3. He ______ ( live ) in the city.
4. How ______ ( do ) Sarah _______ ( go ) to school ?
5. Sarah’s home _____ ( be ) near. Usually she ______ ( go ) to school on foot.
6. _______ ( be )Zhang Peng’s home near the post office ?
7. We must ____ ( stop ) when the red light is on. _______( not stop ) at a green light.
8. How ____ ( do ) Zhang Peng and Sarah go to the park ?
9. Red ______ mean) “Stop”. Yellow _______ ( mean ) “ Wait ”.
10. In China, drivers ______ ( drive ) on the right side of the road.
12. Mike _____ (want) to buy a pair of shoes.But he ________ (not have) any money.
13. Sarah ______ ( know ) how to put the flag on the school.
14. Today ____ ( be ) Sarah’s birthday. She ______ ( look ) very happy.
16. Zip _______ ( do not ) know where Chinatown ______ ( be ).
17. We _____ ( be ) here. Look, here it ______ ( be ).
18. Zoom always ______ ( tell ) Zip, “ Look before you leap. ”
19. Zip ____ ( be ) going to ________ ( learn ) kung fu.
20. Wu Yifan _______ ( go ) to the theme park every week.
21. John _______ ( visit ) ______ ( he ) grandparents every weekend.
22. What _____ ( do ) Chen Jie usually do on Saturdays ?
23. My cat _____ ( have ) four small legs and two blue eyes.
24. He always ______ ( forget ) to close the door but I usually ________ ( remember).
25. My hobby is _________ ( collect ) stamps.
26. ________ ( make ) kites is his hobby.
27. This ____ ( be ) an __________ ( interest ) book.
28. They _______ ( read ) books every day. But I _________ ( do ). J
29. Mike _______ ( think ) it’s fun to walk on the moon.
30. Mr. Chen _______ (teach) us English. And Mr. Zhang _______ (teach)us Chinese.
31. Some juice ______ ( be ) in the glass. But he ______ ( like ) to drink coffee.
32. Every day, Mum ______ ( get ) up at 6:30 a.m., _____ ( have ) breakfast at 7:00. Then, she _____ ( go ) to work. She usually ______ ( come ) home at 6:00 p.m. and _____ ( make ) supper for us. We _____ ( love ) our Mum.
33. China’s flag _______ ( have ) five yellow stars.
35. How many ______ ( point ) have you _______ ( get ) ?
36. Three boys ______ ( like ) playing football. Two girls ______ ( like ) listening to music. One girl ______ ( like ) collecting stamps.
37. My twin sister Ann _______ ( like ) drawing pictures and _____ ( make ) kites.
38. My dad ____ ( be ) a TV reporter. He _______ ( like ) listening to music.
39.— _______ ( do ) your pen pal live in Shanghai ? —No, he _______ .
40. _______ your uncle _______ ( live ) in Urumqi ?
41. Every evening, Alice ______ ( read ) newspapers. Her sister Ann _______ ( watch ) cartoons on TV. Alice usually _____ ( play ) at the park on Saturday. Ann usually ______ ( make ) kites.