2020年9月四级考试真题(1)及答案解析版.pdf

官方网站:优路考研公众号-1-2020 年年 9 月四级考试真题（一）月四级考试真题（一）Part Writing(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on onlinelibraries.You can start your essay with the sentence“Online libraries are becomingincreasingly popular”.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180words.Part Listening Comprehension(25 minutes)SectionADirections:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each newsreport,you will hear two or three questions.Both the news report and the questions willbe spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer fromthe four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)Ship traffic in theAtlantic.C)Exhaust from cars in Europe.B)Warm currents in the ocean.D)Particles emitted by powerplants.2.A)They need to be taken seriously.C)They might be causing troubleto air fights.B)They have a huge effect on fishery.D)They may be affecting theworlds climate.官方网站:优路考研公众号-2-2-Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)To appeal for higher wages.C)To call for a permanent securityguard.B)To demand better health care.D)To dismiss the bad-temperedsupervisor.4.A)It had already taken strong action.C)It would take their appealseriously.B)It would put customersneeds first.D)It was seeking help from thepolice.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)The road was flooded.C)The road was frozen with snow.B)The road was blocked.D)The road was covered withspilled gas.6.A)Atruck plunged into a pool of liquid chocolate.B)The heavy snow made driving very difficult.C)The truck driver dozed off while driving.D)Atruck hit a barrier and overturned.7.A)It was a long time before the cleanup was finished.B)It was a hard task to remove the spilled substance.C)It was fortunate that no passenger got injured.D)It was difficult to contact the manufacturer.官方网站:优路考研公众号-3-3-Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of eachconversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions willbe spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer fromthe four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)She wanted to save for a new phone.C)She could enjoy discountswith cash.B)She found it much safer to use cash.D)She had been cheated usingphone apps.9.A)They can save a lot more time and trouble.B)They find it less difficult to make purchases.C)They derive greater pleasure from buying things.D)They are less aware of the value of their money.10.A)More valuable items.C)Everyday necessities.B)More non-essential things.D)Electronic devices.11.A)It can improve shopping efficiency.C)It may lead to excessivespending.B)It is altering the way of shopping.D)It appeals more toyounger people.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.官方网站:优路考研公众号-4-4-12.A)He wanted to order some wooden furniture.B)He had to change the furniture delivery time.C)He had a problem with the furniture delivered.D)He wanted the furniture store to give him a refund.13.A)Send the furniture back to the store.C)Collect the furniture he ordered.B)Describe the furniture he received.D)Buy another brand of furniture.14.A)Correct their mistake.C)Apologize to his wife.B)Improve their service.D)Give the money back.15.A)She recommended a new style.C)She apologized to the man oncemore.B)She offered some gift to the man.D)She checked all the items with theman.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spokenonly once,After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)Reading books of wisdom.C)Sharing with others.B)Tidying up ones home.D)Donating to charity.官方网站:优路考研公众号-5-5-17.A)Things that make one happy.C)Things that occupy little space.B)Things that are becoming rare.D)Things that cost a lot of money.18.A)It joined the citys clean-up campaign.B)It sold as many as fifty boxes of books.C)It received an incredibly large number of donated books.D)It did little business because of the unusual cold weather.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)Give free meals to the homeless.C)Help the vulnerable to cooklunchesB)Provide shelter for the homeless.D)Call for change in the localgovernment.20.A)Strengthen co-operation.C)Win national support.B)Promote understanding.D)Follow his example.21.A)Spreading news of his deeds.C)Following the example he sets.B)Writing him thank-you notes.D)Sending him handmade bags.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)To solve word search puzzles.C)To test their eyesight using aphone app.B)To send smartphone messages.D)Toinstallsomeaudioequipment in a lab.23.A)They could not go on until the ringing stopped.官方网站:优路考研公众号-6-6-B)They could no longer concentrate on their task.C)They grabbed the phone and called back right away.D)They asked their experimenter to hang up the phone.24.A)Arise in emotional problems.C)A reduction in the amount ofsleep.B)Adecline in sports activities.D)Adeclineinacademicperformance.25.A)Protect the eyesight of the younger generation.B)Take effective measures to raise productivity.C)Realize the disruptive effects of technology.D)Ensure they have sufficient sleep every day.Part Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)SectionADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required toselect one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following thepassage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choicein the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each itemon Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of thewords in the bank more than once.Therere three main types of financial stress people encounter.The first type isapparent in people being stressed about the26ups and downs of investmentmarketsactually not so much the ups,but27the downs.These people are usuallyunable or unprepared to endure the long haul.官方网站:优路考研公众号-7-7-The next common type of financial stress is that caused by debt.In a28percentage of cases of debt-induced financial stress,credit cards and loans will be acentral element.Often therell be a car loan and perhaps a mortgage,but credit cardsoften seem to be the gateway to debt-related financial difficulties for many.The third type of stress and29the least known is inherited financial stress,which is the most destructive.It is experienced by those who have grown up inhouseholds where their parents regularly30and fought about money.Moneytherefore becomes a stressful topic,and so the thought of sitting down and planning isan unattractive31.Those suffering inherited financial anxiety32to follow one of two patterns.Either they put their head in the sand:they would33examining their financialstatements,budgeting,and discussing financial matters with those closest to them.Alternatively,they would go to the other34,and micro-analyze everything,to thepoint of complete35.Theyre convinced that whatever decision they make will bethe wrong one.A)appearanceB)arguedC)avoidD)considerableE)definitelyF)extremeG)inactionI)normalJ)possiblyK)propositionL)rebelledM)statementN)tendO)traditional官方网站:优路考研公众号-8-8-H)incrediblySection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statementsattached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose aparagraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer thequestions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Doctors orders:Let children just playA)Imagine a drug that could enhance a childs creativity and critical thinking.Imagine that this drug were simple to make,safe to take,and could be had for free.The nations leading pediatricians(儿科医生)say this miracle compound exists.In a new clinical report,they are urging doctors to prescribe it liberally to thechildren in their care.B)“This may seem old-fashioned,but there are skills to be learned when kids arenttold what to do,”said Dr.Michael Yogman,a Harvard Medical School pediatricianwho led the drafting of the call to arms.Whether its rough physical play,outdoor官方网站:优路考研公众号-9-9-play or pretend play,kids derive important lessons from the chance to make thingsup as they go,he said.C)The advice,issued Monday by the American Academy of Pediatrics,may come asa shock to some parents.After spending years fretting over which toys to buy,which apps to download and which skill-building program to send their kids toafter school,letting them simply playor better yet,playing with themcouldseem like a step backwardThe pediatricians insist that its not.The academysguidance does not include specific recommendations for the dosing of play.Instead,it asks doctors to advise parents before their babies tum two that play isessential to healthy development.D)“Play is not silly behavior,”the academys report declares.It fosters childrenscreativity,cooperation,and problem-solving skillsall of which are critical for a2lst century workforce.When parents engage in play with their children,it buildsa wall against the harmful effects of all kinds of stress,including poverty,theacademy says.In the pediatriciansview,essentially every life skill thats valued inadults can be built up with play.“Collaboration,negotiation,decision-making,creativity,leadership,and increased physical activity are just some of the skillsand benefits children gain through play,”they wrote.The pediatricians appealcomes as kids are being squeezed by increasing academic demands at school andthe constant invasion of digital media.E)The trends have been a long time coming.Between 1981 and 1997,detailedtime-use studies showed that the time children spent at play declined by 25 percent.Since the adoption of sweeping education reforms in 2001,public schools havesteadily increased the amount of time devoted to preparing for standardized tests.官方网站:优路考研公众号-10-10-The focus on academic“skill and drills”has cut deeply into recess(课间休息)andother time for free play.F)By 2009,a study of Los Angeles kindergarten classrooms found that five-year-oldswere so burdened with academic requirements that they were down to an averageof just 19 minutes per day of“choice time,”when they were permitted to playfreely with blocks,toys or other children.One in four Los Angeles teachersreported there was no time at all for“free play.”Increased academic pressureshave left 30 percent of U.S.kindergarten classes without any recess.Such findingsprompted the American Academy of Pediatrics to issue a policy statement in 2013on the“crucial role of recess in school.”G)Pediatricians arent the only ones who have noticed.In a report titled“Crisis in theKindergarten,”a group of educators,health professionals and child advocatescalled the loss of play in early childhood“a tragedy,both for the childrenthemselves and for our nation and the world.”Kids in play-based kindergartens“end up equally good or better at reading and other intellectual skills,and they aremore likely to become well-adjusted healthy people,”the Alliance for Childhoodsaid in 2009.Indeed,new research demonstrates why playing with blocks mighthave been time better spent,Yogman said.The trial assessed the effectiveness ofan early mathematics intervention(干 预)aimed at preschoolers.The resultsshowed almost no gains in math achievement.H)Another playtime thief:the growing proportion of kids time spent in front ofscreens and digital devices,even among preschoolers.Last year,Common SenseMedia reported that children up through age eight spent an average of two hoursand 19 minutes in front of screens each day,including an average of 42 minutes a官方网站:优路考研公众号-11-11-day for those under two.This increase of digital use comes with rising risks ofobesity,sleep deprivation and cognitive(认知的)，language and social-emotionaldelays,theAmerican Academy of Pediatrics warned in 2016.I)“I respect that parents have busy lives and its easy to hand a child an iPhone,”Yogman said.“But theres a cost to that.For young children,its much too passive.And kids really learn better when theyre actively engaged and have to reallydiscover things.”J)The decline of play is a special hazard for the roughly 1 in 5 children in the UnitedStates who live in poverty.These 14 million children most urgently need todevelop the resilience(韧性)that is cultivated with play.Instead,Yogman said,they are disproportionately affected by some of the trends that are making playscarce:academic pressures at schools that need to improve test scores,outsideplay areas that are limited or unsafe,and parents who lack the time or energy toshare in playtime.K)Yogman also worries about the pressures that squeeze playtime for more affluentkids.“The notion that as parents we need to schedule every minute of their time isnot doing them a great service,”he said.Even well-meaning parents may be“robbing them of the opportunity to have that joy of discovery and curiositytheopportunity to find things out on their own.”L)Play may not be a hard sell to kids.But UCLA pediatrician Carlos Lerneracknowledged that the pediatricians new prescription may meet with skepticism(怀疑)from parents,who are anxious for advice on how to give their kids a leg upin the world.They should welcome the simplicity of the message,Lerner said.“Its liberating to be able to offer them this advice:that you spending time with官方网站:优路考研公众号-12-12-your child and letting him play is one of the most valuable things you can do,”hesaid.“It doesnt have to involve spending a lot of money or time,or joining aparenting group.Its something we can offer thats achievable.They just dontrecognize it right now as particularly valuable.”36.Increased use of digital devices steals away childrens playtime.37.Since the beginning of this century,an increasing amount of time has been shiftedin public schools from recess to academic activities.38.Ithasbeenacknowledgedthatwhilekidsmaywelcomepediatriciansrecommendation，their parents may doubt its feasibility.39.According to some professionals,deprivation of young childrens playtime will doharm not only to children themselves but to the country and the world.40.By playing with children,parents can prevent them from being harmed by stress.41.Playing with digital devices discourages kids from active discovery,acco