综合英语(一)课文翻译练习及答案Lesson01.doc

Lesson One: The Time Message
Elwood N, Chapman
新的学习任务开始之际，千头万绪，最重要的是安排好时间，做时间的主人。本文作者提出了7点具体建议，或许对你有所启迪。

1 Time is tricky. It is difficult to control and easy to waste. When you look ahead, you think you have more time than you need. For Example, at the beginning of a semester, you may feel that you have plenty of time on your hands, but toward the end of the term you may suddenly find that time is running out. You don't have enough time to cover all your duties (duty), so you get worried. What is the answer? Control!
译：时间真是不好对付，既难以控制好，又很容易浪费掉，当你向前看时，你觉得你的时间用不完。例如，在一个学期的开始，你或许觉得你有许多时间，但到学期快要结束时，你会突然发现时间快用光了，你甚至找不出时间把所有你必须干的事情干完，这样你就紧张了。答案是什么呢？控制。
2 Time is dangerous. If you don't control it, it will control you. If you don't make it work for you, it will work against you. So you must become the master of time, not its servant. As a first-year college student, time management will be your number one Problem.
译：时间是危险的，如果你控制不了时间，时间就会控制你，如果你不能让时间为你服务，它就会起反作用。所以，你必须成为时间的主人，而不是它的奴仆，作为刚入学的大学生，妥善安排时间是你的头等大事。
3 Time is valuable. Wasting time is a bad habit. It is like a drug. The more time you waste, the easier it is to go on wasting time. If seriously wish to get the most out of college, you must put the time message into practice.
译：时间是珍贵的，浪费时间是个坏习惯，这就像毒品一样，你越浪费时间，就越容易继续浪费下去，如果你真的想充分利用上大学的机会，你就应该把利用时间的要旨付诸实践。 
Message1. Control time from the beginning.
4 Time is today, not tomorrow or next week. Start your plan at the Beginning of the term.
译：抓紧时间就是抓紧当前的时间，不要把事情推到明天或是下周，在学期开始就开始计划。
Message2. Get the notebook habit.
5 Go and buy a notebook today, Use it to plan your study time each day. Once a weekly study plan is prepared, follow the same pattern every week with small changes. Sunday is a good day to make the Plan for the following week.
译：要旨二、养成用笔记本的习惯。
马上去买个笔记本，用它来计划你每一天的时间，一旦订好下每周的学习计划，每周就要这么做，但容许有些小的变动，星期日是制订下周计划的好时间。
Message3. Be realistic.
6 Often you know from experience how long it takes you to write a short essay, to study for a quiz, or to review for a final exam. When you plan time for these things, be realistic. Allow for unexpected things. Otherwise you entire plan may be upset.
译：要旨三、要现实些。
 你由经验可知道写一篇短文，准备小考或为期术考试复习需要多长的时间，当你为这些事情计划时间时，要现实些，要留有余地，要预计发生意外的事情，否则你的整个计划就会被打乱。
Message4. Plan at least one hour for each hour in class.
7 How much study time you plan for each classroom hour depends on four things: (1) your ability, (2) the difficulty of the class, (3) the grades you hope to achieve, and (4) how well you use your study time. One thing, however, is Certain; you should plan at least one hour of study for each classroom hour, in many cases, two or three hours will be required.
译：要旨四、为每节课至少计划1小时。
你为每节课安排多少学习时间，取决于4个因素：(1)你的能力；(2)该节课的难度；(3)你希望取得的分数；(4)怎样有效利用你的学习时间。有一件事是肯定的：你应该为每节课至少安排1小时，在很多情况下会需要2到3小时
Message5. Keep your plan flexible.
8 It is important that you re-plan your time on a weekly basis so that you can make certain changes when necessary. For example, before mid-term or final exams, you will want to give more time to reviewing. A good plan must be a little flexible so that special projects can be done well.
译：要旨五、灵活安排计划。
每周重新安排时间很重要，这样才能在必要时对计划进行调整。例如，在期中或期末考试前，你要给复习留下更多的时间。好的计划必须是有一些灵活性，这样便可做好特别的项目。
Message6. Study for sometime each class day.
9 Some solid work each day is better than many study hours one day and nothing the next. When you work out your schedule, try to include at least two study hours each day. This will not only keep the study habit alive but also keep you up to date on your class assignments.
译：要旨六、有课的日子每天都要抽出一些时间来学习。
每天都踏踏实实地学习一会儿，比一天学习很长时间，第二天什么也不学要好。当你制订你的计划时，每天至少要安排出2个小时的学习时间，这不仅使你能保持这一学习习惯，而且还能帮助你跟上课堂进度。
Message7. Free on Saturday----study on Sunday.
10 It is good to stop all study activities for one full day. Many students choose Saturday for sports or social activities. Sunday, one the other hand, seems to be the best study day for many students. It is a good day to catch up on back reading and other assignments.
译：要旨七、星期六休息，星期天学习。
把所有的学习任务都停下来一整天是有益的，很多学生选择星期六进行体育活动或社会活动。另一方面，对很多学生来说，星期天似乎定最好的学习时间，这个时间是用来补上拖欠的阅读任务和其他作业的好时机。

word list （单词表）
message n.. 要旨，要点
tricky adj. (工作、问题等)微妙的，棘手的；（人）狡猾的
beginning n. 开始；起初
semester n. （尤指美国大专院校的）学期
cover v. 处理 duty n. 任务
management n. 管理 number one adj. 最重要的；头号的
seriously adv. 真心地，当真地；认真地，严肃地
once conj. 一旦……（就……） weekly adj. 每周一次的
follow v. 遵照；沿用 following adj. 紧接着的
realistic adj. 现实可行的 essay n. 作文；短文
quiz n. 考查；测验
upset v. 打乱（计划等）；打翻 ability n. 能力；才智
grade n. （考试或作业的）分数 achieve v. 获得
flexible adj. 灵活的 re-plan v. 重新计划
basis n. 基础；根据 project n. 课题；科研项目
mid-term adj. 期中的 solid adj. 扎实的
schedule n. 计划表 alive adj. 起作用的；现存的；活着的
assignment n. （指定的）作业 activity n. 活动
social adj. 社交的；交谊的 seem v. 似乎；好像
back adj. 以前的；过去的

proper names
elwood n. chapman 埃尔伍德·n·查普曼（人名）

Useful Expressions(常用短语)

look ahead 看前面；考虑未来 at the beginning of 在……的开始
plenty of 大量的 have time on one’s hands 有许多时间
towards the end of… 即将结束时 work for 为……效力
work against 对……不利
get the most out of sth. 充分利用……的机会 put… into practice 付诸实践
allow for 考虑到
at least 至少 in… case 在…… 情况下
on a weekly /daily basis 每周/每天 work out 制定出
seem to be 看来，好像 keep sth./sb. + adj. 使 ……保持某种状况
run out (of ) (被)用完，将尽
time is running out.
I have run out of money.
take… some time to do… 花…… 时间做… …
it will take us an hour to get there.
depend on 取决于，随……而定
it depends on how many people are going
so that 以便（用来引出目的状语从句）
tell me your telephone number so that i can call you when i have time.
catch up on 　赶上，补上　
I have to catch up on my sleep.I didn’t sleep much last night.

Verb Pattern 1(动词句型1)
主语+系动词+表语(代词/名词/名词短语)
Time is money.
The dictionary is mine.
Wasting time is a bad habit.
You must become the master of time not ist servant.
Sunday seems to be the best study day for many students
注意:用于这一句型的系动词主要有appear, be ,become, feel ,look, prove, remain ,seem和prove后面可加to be.

重点词汇短语
一 重点单词
1.message n..要旨,要点,中心思想;信息,信,电报
Can you tell me the maessgae of the story?
你能告诉我这个故事的中心思想吗?
Would you mind giving him a message?
请你给他带个信好吗?
2.cover vt. 处理;涉及
she is so young that she can’t cover these affairs.
她太年轻了,处理不了这些事情.
Their work covers a wide field.
他们的工作涉及的范围很广.
3.upset vt. 打乱(计划);打翻
Our plan was upset by rainy day.
我们的计划被雨天打乱了.
A large wave upset the boat.
一个巨浪打翻了那只船.
4.achieve vt.获得,得到;完成,实现
At last ,he achieved his father’s support.
最后他得到了他父亲的支持.
He has achieved only half what he hoped to.
他只完成了他原来计划的一半
5.flexible adj.
灵活的;有弹性的
This plan is very flexible .
这个计划非常灵活.
The tube is flexible and tough.
这根管子既有弹性又很结实.
6.alive adj. 起作用的;现存的;活着的
We must do well we can to keep his hopes alive.
我们必须尽一切可能使他断续抱有希望.
Is he still alive?
他还活着吗?
The conflict is still alive.
矛盾依旧存在.

二.重点短语
1.work for /against 为…效力/对…不利
He is working for an oil company.
他为一家石油公司效力.
Time is working against you.
时间越长对你越不利
2.put…into pratice 付诸实践
We should put these principles into practice.
我们应该把这些原理应用到实践中去.
3.allow…for 考虑到
You must allow for his inexperience
你们必须考虑到他缺乏经验.
4.keep sth./sb. +adj 使...保持某种状况
Keep the room clean
保持房间清洁
5.depend on 取决于,随…而定
Whether or not we can overcome the difficully depends on out efforts.
能否克服困难取决于我们的努力.
6.catch up on 赶上,补上
I have got a lot of work to catch up on .
我有很多工作得赶着做.
7.the more … the more … 越...越…
The harder you work,the greater progress you’ll make.
工作越努力,进步就越快.

Question On the Text (课文问题)
1.Who is the article written for ?And why?
It is written for first-year college student .Because some of them don’t know how to plan their study time.
2.What three things does the author say about time in the first three pargraphs of the article?
The three things are : time is tricky,time is dangerous and time is valuable.
3.What does the author advise you to do at the beginning of the term?
He advise us to make a plan at the beginning of the term
4.What is the use of a notebook?
It can be used to plan our study each day
5.Why is it important to be realistic when you plan time for a short essay,or an exam?
Because unexpected things often happen .If we don’t see this and plan to do too many things,our plan might be upset.
6.Do you think one hour of study for each class hour is enough? Not enough? Or too much
It depends.Sometimes it enough,but sometimes,two or three hours will be required
7.Why a good plan be a little flexble?
Because it’s easy to make certain changes when necessary in a flexible plan.
8.Do you think it is a good habit to study for some time each class day?
Yes.
9.On which day of the week do many students stop all study activities? Why that day?
Saturyday seems to be best day because after five days of study ,students need a rest. Saturday is a good day for sport.
10.Does the author think it is good to stop all study activities both on Saturday and On Sunday?
No.he doesn’t. He thinks Sunday is a good day for study.
11.How can Sunday be used?
It can be used to catch up on back reading and other assignments.
12.Which of the seven messages do you think is the most important?Or do you think they are all important? Are you going to put them into practice?
I think they are all important. Yes,I am .

Written Work (笔头作业)
Translate the following passage into English
将下面的短文翻译成英语.
时间很重要.人人每天都有24小时,每年有365天,一旦我们生命中的一天消逝,就再也不会回来.我们要热爱生命,就不应该浪费时间.我们应该掌握时间.使用时间最好办法就是好好计划时间.
 在制定学习计划时,我们应该记住两件事.每一,应该现实一些,不要企图干太多的事情.第二,好的计划要灵活一点.我们可以每周做些小的变动,但总的模式不变.
让我们当时间的主人,今天就开始我们的计划.
译文:Time is very important.Everybody has 24 hours a day,365 days a year. Once a day in our life is gone, it will never back .If we love life, we should not waste time.We should control time. The best to use our time is to plan it well.
When we make a study plan, we must remember two things. First,we must be realistic and should not try to do many things. Second, a good plan should be a little flexible. We can make small changes but the same pattern every week.
Let us become the master of time and start our plan today.

Vocbulary Exercises(词汇练习)
1.根据下列构词法则完成以下练习.
*形容词+_ly(以…方式地)à副词 如:stupidly愚蠢地cleverly聪明地 weakl无力地 clearly清楚地frankly 坦率地gladl高兴的
*名词+_ly(以…方式地) à形容词 如:brotherly兄弟般的 motherly母亲般的ghostly deathly 死一般的cowardly胆小的 manly男子气的
*名词+_ly(每隔一段时间发生的/地;每隔一段时间出版的报纸等)à形容词/副词/名词 如:
Hourly 每小时一次的/地 quarterly每季度一次的/地;季刊
将_ly加在下列单词后面构成新词,必要时适当更改单词拼写.
1)easy(easily) faithful(faithfully) true(truly) quiet(quietly) bad(badly)
2)king(kingly) love(lovely) father(fatherly) man(manly) friend(friendly)
3)night(nightly) year(yearly) week(weekly) day(daily) month(monthly)

2将下列句子翻译成英语.
1)用课文中的词或词组.
(1)我的食物都吃光了,得再买点.
I have run out of food, so I have to buy more.
(2)既然你这么说了就应该把你的话付诸实践.
You have said so, you should put what you said into practice.
(3)坐公共汽车去那儿至少要花两个小时.
It takes at least 2 hours to get there by bus
(4)尽管我们失败了,便至少我们也尽力了.
Although we falied,at least we tried out best
(5)大声说话,让大家都听得见.
Speak a litter louder, so that everyone can be heard.
(6你花了多少时间写那篇文章.
How long has it taken you to write that article?
(7)你似乎很难过.告诉我们发生了什么事了,这样我们好帮你.
You seem to be very sad. Tell us what has happened so that we can help you.
(8)我们应该保持教室干净.
We should keep our classroom clean.
(9)我们可以请小王帮我们,他好像有好多时间.
We may ask Xiao wany for help. He seems to have plenty of time on his hand.
(10)我哥哥下周要来北京,他要充分利用在这里的逗留时间
My brother will go to Bejing next week,and He wishes to get the most of the time when he stays here.
2)用本课的动词句型1
(1)你正是我要找的人
You are the person whom(who) I’m looking for
(2)这本书不是我的,是约翰的
This book is not mine, but john’s.
(3)他们一直是最好的朋友
They are always the best friends
(4)北京一直是个美丽的城市
Bejing is a beautiful city
(5)那似乎是最好的选择
That seems to be the best choice

3.用恰当的介词或副词填空.
1)Old people like to look back while young people always look ahead.
2)I have to catch up on the reading assignment this Sundy. I have no time playing cards(玩扑克牌)
3)Toward the end of the semester,the students began to worry about their final exams.
4)We’ve run out of writing paper.Would you go and get some,please?
5)We lost the game because our age worked against us.
6)I don’t know how much time it will take to build this road. It depends on the weather
7)You should work out a plan at the beginning of the term.
8)I can tell from experience that something is wrong with the amchine
9) Watching TV can keep you up to date on what is happening in the world
10)You should study hard.But on the other hand,you should take some time off for sports or other pleasures

4.用下列单词填空,每词限用一次.
of by may situations customs custom comes named use for want
Many Americans (1)use informal shorter names instead (2)of their formal names.For example,someone(3)named Samuel Johnson may be called Sam(4)by his friends. Likewise,Rhichard Brown may ask you to call him Rich;Brbara Stein may (5)want to be called Barb or Bads.The family name(6) comes second in the U.S.”John’s ”family name is Smith. In formal(7)situations ,or when you meet someone(8)for the first time,you would want to call him “Mr.Smith”.Often,even people you do not know very well(9)many want to call you by your first name – this is the informal American (10)custom. Americans think it is friendlier and more relaxed to use the first name

Grammar 语法
Nouns(名词)
英语名词的分类:
1.英语的名词就其词义来说，可分为两类：普通名词和专有名词。普通名词又可以分为个体名词、物质名词、抽象名词和集本名词。
人体名词：table, dog, map, girl, book, street
物质名词：milk, beer, glass, food, bread, gold
抽象名语：courage, education, happiness, time
集体名词：family, team, police, grfoup, audience
专有名词：China, John, Beijing, the Yellow River
2.名词就其词汇形式来说，可分为可数名词和不可数名词。
人体名词是可数名词；物质名词、专有名词、抽象名词是不可数名词；有些集体名词被视作整体时就作为单数名词用，若被视作组成该集体的各成员时，则作复数名词用，如government,class,family,committeestaff等往往作复数用。
1）可数名词的用法：
A dog is a good friends. 狗是好朋友。（泛指）
Dogs are good friends. 狗是好朋友。（泛指）
He is playing with a dog. The dog is beautiful.他正在跟一条狗玩。这是条漂亮的狗。（特指）
可数名词在句子中出现，有只3种形式：前面有a或the,后面带复数_s或_es.
2)不可数名词的用法：
Milk is nutritious.牛奶有营养。（泛指）
I want a glass of milk.我要一杯牛奶。（泛指）
I have bought some milk. The milk is sweet.我买了些牛奶。这些牛奶是甜的。（特指）
不可数名词在句子中出现，也有3种形式：前后什么都不加；前面加计量词或the. 不可数名词没有复数形式，但计量词有复数形式，如two glasses of milk.
3)集体名词的用法：
His family are looking for him.他的家人正在找他。
His family is a hppay one.他的家庭是一个幸福的家庭。
Many cattle are kept on the farm.农场里养了很多牛。

Grammar Exercises 语法练习
1.从括号内的两个词中或词组中选择正确的完成下列句。
1）Does your teacher give you any (homework, homeworks)?
2) Excuse me .Do you have any (information, informations) about this?
3) The committee (have, has) considered your suggestion.

在大学生对DIY手工艺品价位调查中，发现有46% 的女生认为在十元以下的价位是可以接受；48% 的认为在10-15元；6% 的则认为50