小学形容词的比较级和最高级.doc

形容词的比较级和最高级
一． 形容词的比较级和最高级的用法
  在英语中，在表示两者作比较时，形容词要用特别的形式，称为“比较
级”，三者及三者以上作比较时用“最高级”，原来的形容词称为“原级”。
e.g. You look taller than me .你比我高。
You are heavier than me.你比我重。
I am the strongest in my class. 我是我们班最强壮的。
二.形容词比较级和最高级句型结构
1.比较级句型：主语A+ be 动词 + 形容词比较级 + than + B A……比B……
e.g. He is older than me.他比我年长。
【拓展】比较级的其他表达方式
①"the+形容词比较级+of the two+……"表示"...是两者中较…的"。
e.g. He is the heavier of the two boys.
Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two.
②"比较级+and+比较级"表示"越来越……"。
e.g. He is getting taller and taller.他越来越高。
③"the+比较级，the+比较级"表示"越……越……"。
e.g The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you'll make
你越细心，就会越少犯错误。
he more we get together, the happier we will be.
我们聚得越多，我们就越开心
The harder you work , the better you'll be.你越努力工作，你就会变得越好。
辅助练习：
1. Jim is _______ than all the others. (tall)
2. Things are getting _______ and __ (bad)
3. The higher you climb, the _______ it will be. (cold)
2.最高级句型：主语 + be动词 + the + 形容词最高级 + 介词短语
（介词短语：in my class ,in the room ,in the hall …）
e.g. He is the tallest in our class.
【拓展】最高级的其他形式
①"主语+be+ one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语"表示"……是……中
最……之一"
e.g. Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.
②序数词+最高级
e.g. Hainan Island is the second largest island in China.
辅助练习：
1.The changjiang river is ____________________ (long) river in China.
2. The Yellow River (Huang He) is ________________ （第二长）river in China
3.A.形容词的比较级和最高级变化规则

构成
原级
比较级
最高级
单 音 节 和 少 数 双 音 节 单 词

一般词尾加-er, -est
tall
long
old
small
taller
longer
older
smaller
tallest
longest
oldest
smallest
以字母e结尾的形容词或副词,直接加-r,-st
nice
fine
large
nicer
finer
larger
nicest
finest
largest
以重读闭音节结尾的形容词或副词,如末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写该字母,再加-er,-est
big
hot
fat
thin
bigger
hotter
fatter
thinner
biggest
hottest
fattest
thinnest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词或副词，把y变为i，再加-er,-est
heavy
busy
early
easy
heavier
busier
earlier
easier
heaviest
busiest
earliest
easiest

B. 部分双音节与多音节的词比较级在原级之前加more, 最高级在原级之前加most
beautiful---more beautiful--most beautiful
interesting--- more interesting –most interesting
difficult--- more difficult – most difficult
C.不规则变化的形容词:
little / few -  less – least good – better - best
bad/ill - worse – worst far  -- farther/further—farthest/furthest
many/much – more – most
e.g. 比较一下下列句子，领悟原级、比较级、最高级的用法。
Tom is tall.他很高。
Tom is as tall as John.汤姆和吉姆一样高。
Bob is taller than John.鲍勃比约翰高。
John is the tallest of the three.约翰是三个当中最高的一个。
John is the tallest in his class.约翰在他们班最高。
【课外拓展】
1.在比较等级中常用much, a lot, far, even等常修饰比较级，表程度。
e.g.姚明比我高多了。
Yao Ming is very taller than I. （误）
Yao Ming is much taller than I. （正）
2.在比较等级的句型中，比较的双方必须是同类事物，否则会引起歧义。即人与人，
物与物的比较。
e.g. 他的尺子比我的长。
His ruler is longer than me.（误）
His ruler is longer than mine. （正）
3.形容词最高级前一般有定冠词，但如果前边也有物主代词，名词所有格等词来修饰
时，定冠词the常被省略。
e.g.加里是我最好的朋友。
Gary is my the best friend.  （误）
Gary is my best friend. （正）
4. 形容词比较级前一般不加定冠词，但句中有“of the two”结构表示“两者中较…的一个”时，定冠词the要加上。
e.g.苏珊是这两个女孩子当中较胖的一个。 
Susan is fatter of the two girls. （误）
Susan is the fatter of the two girls. （正）
同步练习：
一、选择题。
 1. She is ________ than ________ .
    A. busier / us B. busier / we
C. more busy / us D. more busy / we
2. Jane is ________ than Betty.
    A. less taller B. less tallest C. less tall D. not as tall
3. China is ________ country in the world.
    A. the third largest B. the largest third
C. the third large D. a third largest
4. -Which is ____ season in Beijing?　　-I think it's autumn.
A. good            B. better         C. best        D. the best
5．- Which is__________ , the sun, the moon or the earth?
　-- Of course, the moon is.
A. small          B. smaller         C. smallest      D. the smallest
6.The air in Beijing is getting much _____ now than a few years ago.
A. clean        B. cleaner         C. cleanest    D. the cleanest
7. Mobile phones are very popular now and they are _____ than before.
A. cheap      B. cheaper        C. cheapest         D. the cheapes
8．I study English as_______ as my brother.
A. hard    B. harder   C hardest D. the hardest
9. Which is _____ , a bicycle or a computer?
A. expensive  B. more expensive  C. the most expensive D.expensiver
10. The Yellow River is one of ______rivers in China.   
A. long   B. longer   C. the longest D. longest
二、写出下列单词的比较级和最高级。
1. nice ________________ 2. fat ______________________________
3. slow _________________________ 4. dry _________________________________
5. happy ________________________ 6. wet _________________________________
7. much __________________________ 8. ill ________________________________
9. little _________ 10. bad _____________________________
三. 根据句意，用所括号内所级形容词的正确形式填空。
1. Mr. Smith is ____________ man in this office. (rich)
2. Winter is _____________ season of the years. (cold)
4. It is much _________ today than yesterday. (hot)
5. She is a little ________ than her classmates. (careful)
6. Bob is _________ ( young ) than Fred. but _________ (tall) than  Fred.
7. Almost all the students' faces are the same ,but Li Deming looks ______
_ (fat) than before after the summer holidays.
8.Which is _________ (heavy), a duck or a chicken?
9. An orange ia a little ______ (big) than an apple, but much ________ (sm
all) than a  watermelon.
10.-- How _________ (tall) is Sally?
--She' s 1.55 metres ________ (tall). What about Xiaoling?
-- She' s only 1.40 metres ________ (tal)
l) She is much _______ (short) than Sally.
2) She is also the _______ (short) girl in the class.

四、课堂总结：
和学生一起，对本次课的主要内容作总结概括，并用红笔留痕。

五．课外作业布置：
（     ）1. Ken is _______ than Ann.    
A. tall     B. teller    C. taller  
（     ）2. Who is the _______? 
A. oldest   B. older    C. old 
（     ）3. How  _____ is Ken?        
A. many    B. much    C. heavy  
（     ）4.I’m 147 ________ tall.
A. kilograms    B. centimeters    C. meters 
（     ）5. The book is ____ of the two.
A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner
（     ）6. Which do you like _____, coffee, tea or milk?
A. the worst B. worse C. the worse
(      ）7.Jim is 40 kg. Tom is 38 kg. Tom is _______ than Jim.
A. taller   B. thinner  C. heavier
(      ）8.  Tom is 120 cm. Jack is  __________. Than him.
  A. tall   B. taller   C. heavier
( )9. My sister is good at sports, She can jump ____ than me.
　　 A. highest B. too high C. much higher
一．写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级：
1. thin ______________________ 2. far ____________________
3. early _____________________ 4. careful_________________
5. exciting ___________________ 6. busy __________________
二． 根据句意，用所括号内所级形容词的正确形式填空：
1. ________ people came to the meeting than last time. (many)
2. Which book is ________, this one or that one? (easy)
3. My room is _______ than yours. (small)
4. Hainan is _______ from Beijing than Hunan. (far)
5. Skating is _______ than swimming. (exciting)
6.He is ______ (bad) at learning maths.   He is much ____ (bad) at
Chinese and he is the _________ (bad) at English.
7. Annie says Sally is the ________ (kind) person in the world.
8. He is one of the_________(friendly) people in the class, I think.
9. A dictionary is much _________ (expensive) than a story-book.
10.-- Annie plays the piano very ___________ (well).
-- Sue plays it _____ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the _______
___ (well).
11. The Changjiang River is the _______ (long) river in China.
12. Sue is a little ___________ (beautiful) than her sister.
13. Saturday is my _________ (busy) day in a week.
14. Her mother is getting ____________(fat) and ________ (fat).
15. I think it' s too expensive. I' d like a _____________ (cheap) one.
16. He comes to school much ____________ (early) than I.
17. Your classroom is ________(wide) and ___________(bright) than ours.
18. Practise as __________ (much) as you can.
19. The ________ (much), the ____________ (good).
20. Most of the students think a lion is much ________(dangerous) than a
bear and It is the __________ (dangerous) animal in the world.
21. Nowadays(现在) English is __________( important ) than any other
subject, 1 think.
22.--How difficult is physics?
--I' m not sure.
--Is it ________ (difficult) than maths?--I don' t think so.

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