学位英语语法精讲：时态、语态、语气综合练习(1).doc

学位英语试题精讲：综合训练（时态、语态、语气）1. Im sorry I couldnt get in touch with him before he left, I _ him earlier. A. had a telephone B. have phoned C. should have phoned D. should be phoned【答案】C。should（ought to）+have+过去分词：表示对过去动作的责备、批评。You should have gone over your lessons.你们应把功课复习好。You shouldnt have watched TV last night.你们昨天晚上不应该看电视。2. Dont you think it is time you _ smoking? A. give up B. gave up C. would give up D. should give up 【答案】B It is time sb did sth：该是做某事的时候了，固定用法，句中的动词使用虚拟语气，用一般过去时表示。3. I would have joined him in a picnic, but I _ his company. A. will not like B. dont like C. had not liked D. might not like【答案】B本题的题干是一个表示虚拟的句子，但是后面的句子表示真实语气的。因此正确答案为B。本句的意思是：“我本来想参加他的野餐的，但是我不喜欢他的伙伴们。” 4. I wish you _ to me before you went and bought that car. A. spoke B. will speak C. was going to speak D. had spoken 【答案】D 句中before后面的动作时过去时态，表明已经发生了，故B错；因“我希望（I wish）”发生的动作应该发生在before从句中的动作之前，所以选过去完成时态，故D正确。“wish+宾语从句”表示与过去事实的虚拟：sb wish that had done，表示“应该发生而实际没有发生的动作”。5. _the advice of his friends, he would not have suffered such a heavy loss in his business. A. If he took B. If he should take C. Were he to take D. Had he taken 【答案】D 此句测试虚拟语气的用法。此句为和过去的事实相反的虚拟句，if省略，句子倒装。因此D最符合题意。本句的意思是：“如果他听了朋友们的劝告,他的生意就不会这么损失惨重。”6. Its vital that enough money _ collected to get the project started. A. is B. be C must be D. can be【答案】B 此题考查虚拟语气的用法。形容词vital后面连接主语从句的时候要虚拟语气should+动词原形。因此B为正确答案。7. I am too busy these days. I would rather all of you _ next month for a dinner. A. come B. would come C. came D. have come 【答案】C。would rather +句子（过去时）（虚拟语气）：Id rather you didnt tell anyone what I said.你最好别告诉任何人我所说的话。Id rather you came with me. 你还是和我一起来吧。8. I believe he _ an accident, otherwise he would have arrived on time. A. would have had B. could have had C. should have had D. must have had【答案】D 主语+must+have+过去分词，表示对过去事实的推测。The road is wet. It must have rained last night.路是湿的，昨晚肯定下雨了。I didnt hear the phone. I must have been asleep.我没有听见电话玲响，我肯定是睡着了。9. Its urgent that a meeting _ before the final decision is made. A. will be arranged B. must be arrangedC. be arranged D. would be arranged【答案】C It is (was)adj形容词/过去分词that结构中形容词后的主语从句用虚拟语气表示愿望、建议、请求、命令、可能、适当、迫切、重要等；should可省略。常用的形容词由natural, appropriate, advisable, preferable, better, necessary, important, imperative, urgent, essential, vital, probable, possible, compulsory, crucial, desirable等。10. You have stayed at home for two days. Its time you_ for a walk. A. go out B. went out C. will go out D. would go out【答案】B。虚拟语气。固定句型Its time that+过去式。他说你在家呆了两天了，该是你出去散步了。11. Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people _ the same language? A. spoke B. speak C. had spoken D. will speak 【答案】A do you think是主句，后面的部分是宾语从句，而宾语从句是一个包含if 条件状语从句的复合句；there would be判断, if从句中可以用一般过去时spoke，表示现在事实的虚拟。句意为; 你如果认为人们都说同样的语言，世界上就会少些冲突吗？12. The doctor advised that Mr. Malan _ an operation right away so as to save his life. A. had B. would have C. have D. was going to have【答案】C advise 后面的宾语从句中要求使用虚拟语气，动词用（should）+do形式。13. Mary said to me, “Had I seen your bag, I _it to you.” A. will return B. must return C. could return D. would have returned 【答案】D 此句测试虚拟语气的用法。因为题干中有句话had I seen your bag，表示和过去的事实相反的句子，if省略，因此D为正确答案。本句的意思是：玛丽对我说：如果我看见了你的书包，我会还给你的。14. Without heat and sunlight, plants on the earth_ well. A. would not grow B. will not grow C. had not grown D. would not be grown【答案】A 本题考查虚拟语气的用法。without引导含蓄的虚拟条件句,本句与现在的事实相反因此选A。又如：Without electricity，there would not be modern industry 如果没有电的话，就没有现代工业。15. It is desirable that he _. A. gives up trying B. give up trying C. would give up trying D. is going to give up trying 【答案】B。句型It is desirable （suggested，necessary，requested，ordered，proposed，important）+that+主语+should（可省略）+V（动词原形）。因此本句选B。如：It is strange that he（should）go himself.真奇怪，他怎么自己独自去呢？