人教版必修三unit2单词讲解.doc

1． diet ①n. 日常饮食
健康的饮食 a healthy diet 均衡的饮食 a balanced diet 正在节食的人不能吃巧克力。
控制饮食，节食be/go on a diet eg. 正在节食的人不能吃巧克力。People who are on a diet can’t eat chocolate.
使某人节食put sb. on a diet eg. 我的医生严格限制我的饮食。My doctor strictly put me on a diet.
②v. 节食,限制（他人或自己的）饮食
eg. 她正在节食减肥She is dieting to lose weight.
我的医生严格限制我的饮食。My doctor strictly dieted me.

diet 可数名词，指的是习惯的日常食物或因病或减肥而规定的食谱。
food一般的词语，凡是能吃喝的东西都可称作food

2. protective adj. 给予保护的，保护的 protect v. 保护protection n. 保护protector n. 保护者
3. balance ①v. 使平衡，权衡 eg为了平衡贸易,他们将不得不减少在美国购货。In order to balance their trade they would have to buy less goods in the United States.
②n. 天平，平衡
4. roast adj. 烤制的 roast duck /chicken
v. 烤，烘烤stir-fry炒; stew炖/焖; boil煮; steam蒸;fry炸/煎
5. ought v. aux. 应该
ought to ①应该，情态动词，只有一种形式，没有人称和数的变化
②ought的否定形式由直接加not构成ought not to (oughtn't to )，疑问式将ought提到句首构成。
③反意疑问句里 He ought to be here, oughtn't he?
④ought to have done本应该做某事（实际没做） ought not to have done本不应该做（实际做了）
6. curiosity n. 好奇心,求知欲 → curious adj. 好奇的→ curiously adv. 好奇地
Satisfy one’s curiosity 满足某人的好奇心 show one’s curiosity about 对…表现出好奇
他的答复丝毫没有满足我的好奇心 His reply didn’t satisfy my curiosity at all.
be curious about/to do
7. get away with 被放过， （做坏事）不被惩罚
If students cheat in the exam, they’ll never get away with it.
Two clerks robbed the bank and got away with a lot of cash.
The driver was lucky to get away with only a fine.
[链接] get along/on with 相处,进展 get out of 从…中出来; 摆脱 get over 克服 get down to 开始着手
get behind with = fall behind with落后于… get through 完成(任务), (电话)接通
8. lie n. 谎言 tell a lie/tell lies 说谎
lie v. : lie- lied –lied- lying______/ lay- laid- laid- laying_______/ lie- lay- lain- lying_______; 
The man lying there lied that he had laid the money on the table/He laid the carpet on the floor and then lay on it./ He is lying . The cat is not on the roof. It's lying under the table.
9. discount n. 折扣 give/make/allow a discount (on)…打折 buy/get/sell sth at a discount 以打折价买/卖…
如果我买一整箱酒你们能打折吗? Do you give me any discount if I buy a whole box of wine?
我以四折的价格买了这条裙子 I bought this dress at a discount of 60%.
v. 打折; 不理会,不重视(ignore) 对他说的话你不必当真 You can discount what he said.
10. strength n. 强项；长处；(人的)力气，力量 ≠ weakness n. 弱点
Maths is his strength. 数学是他的强项。 We rely on the strength of the people. 我们依靠人民的力量。
strengthen vt. 加强
11. consult vt. 查阅;请教 consult sb. 请教某人; consult sth. 查阅…
consult with sb. 和某人商量 查字典: consult the dictionary/look up a word in the dictionary/refer to a dictionary
consultation n. 商讨,咨询
12. digest: bite---chew----swallow---digest----absorb-----pee/fart/poop;
Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.  digestion n.
13. earn one’s living (by doing sth.)= make one’s living (by doing sth.)= do sth for a living 通过…谋生
我的一个朋友靠卖保险为生 One of my friends earns his living by selling insurance.
earn vt. 赚(钱);博得,赢得: 他一年大概能赚10万元 He earns about 100000 yuan a year.
His honesty earned the respect of us.
[区分]earn 强调工作所得薪金和报酬
gain 指凭借相当大的努力获得胜利,名誉,知识,权利和进步等: She gained much experience while working for the newspaper.
win 指在竞争,战争,比赛中获胜: Who is going to win the game
14. (be) in debt 负债 ≠ out of debt 那位所谓的百万富翁债台高筑 The so-called millionaire was deeply in debt.
不要再借钱给那个负债的人 Don’t lend any money to the man in debt any more.
Owe a debt 欠债 get/fall/run into debt 负债 pay one’s debt 偿还债务 pay off one’s debt 还清债务
15. glare vi. 怒目而视, 瞪着 glare at
They stood face to face, ____________(glare at) each other.
[区分]stare at 盯着, 凝视(由于好奇,无礼长时间地看): He stared at the word trying to remember its meaning.
Glance at 一瞥, 粗略的看(由于时间紧而匆匆看一眼): He glanced at his watch.
Look at 看着(无感情色彩,只表动作)
16. spy on/upon 监视 有人喜欢窥探别人的隐私 Someone likes spying on other’s privacy.
Spy (sth) out 找出, 查出(find out)
Spy n. 间谍
17. limited adj. 受…限制的 limited ability 有限的能力 My vocabulary is quite limited.
18. benefit n. 好处; 利益 be of benefit to … = be beneficial to… 对…有好处
Have/get the benefit of…得益于… 我得益于良好的教育 I’ve had the benefit of a good education.
Vt. 有益于…A benefit(s) B A有益于B B benefit(s) from/by A B从A中获益
众所周知, 做眼保健操有益于我们的眼睛, 也就是说, 我们的眼睛有益于做眼保健操
It is known to us all that doing eye exercises benefits our eyes, and that is to say, our eyes can benefit from doing eye exercises.
19. cut down 削减，删节(reduce, shorten)；砍倒(树)
运用: 根据汉语意思，完成下列句子。
(1)应在一切方面减少开支。Expenses ought to ________________ in every way.
(2)你的文章大长了，请删减到两百字左右。Your article is too long; please ________________ to about 200 words.
(3)我准备叫人把这棵树砍掉。I’m going to have the tree ________________.
联想：
(1)cut up切碎 (2)cut off切断；断绝 (3)cut __out______切去；省略；停止（做某事）
20. before long/long before
Long before = long ago 很久以前 Before long 不就以后; 在…之后不久..
人们很快就会知道的 People will know before long.
他们不久之后就会相互了解 It won’t be long before they understand each other.
Before long he had to return to the village where he once lived long before.