广西柳州市第十四中学九年级英语上册主谓一致复习》教案人教版.doc

广西柳州市第十四中学2013届九年级英语上册主谓一致复习教案人教版【考点直击】1. 语法一致的原则2. 意义一致的原则3. 邻近一致的原则谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。1. 语法一致的原则（1）以单数名词或代词，动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时，谓语用复数，例如：He goes to school early every morning. The children are playing outside.To work hard is necessary for a student.（2）由and或bothand连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：Both he and I are right. Mr Black and Mrs Black have a son called Tom.但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如： His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl. The poet and writer has come. （3）由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如： In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. Each man and each woman is asked to help.（4）主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with 等介词短语，谓语动词仍用单数。例如： The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum.Nobody but two boys was late for class. Bread and butter is a daily food in the west.（5） 一些只有复数形式的名词，如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。例如： A lot of people are dancing outside.The police are looking for lost boy. （6）由each, some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词都用单数。例如： Is everybody ready? Somebody is using the phone. （7）有两部分构成的物体的名词，如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如： Where are my shoes? I cant find them. Your trousers are dirty. Youd better change them. 如果这类名词前用了a pair of等，则往往用作单数，谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如： Here are some new pairs of shoes. My new pair of socks is on the bed.2. 意义一致的原则（1）表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。例如：Twenty years is not a long time.Ten dollars is too dear.（2）有些集合名词，如family, team等作主语时，如作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数；如指其中每个成员，则用复数。例如：My family is big one.My family are watching TV.（3）不定代词由all, most, more, some, any, none作主语时，也要依这些代词表示的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果代词代表复数可数名词，谓语动词用复数；如果代词代表单数可数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。例如：All of the work has been finished.All of the people have gone. （4）疑问代词作主语时，其谓语动词也有两种情况：主语表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数；主语表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数。例如： Who is your brother? Who are League members? （5）“分数或百分数+of+名词”构成的词组作主语时，其谓语动词要以of后面的名词而定。名词是复数，谓语动词用复数：名词是单数，谓语动词用单数。例如： It is said that 35 per cent of the doctors are women. Three fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.（6）half, the rest等表示不定数量的名词作主语时，如果所指为复数意义，动词用复数；如果所指为单数意义，动词用单数。例如： I have read a large part of the book, the rest is more difficult. Only ten students attended the class because all the rest were off sick. （7）由what 引导地主于从句作主语时，通常谓语动词用单数形式。但如果所指内容为复数意义时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如： What she said is correct. What she left me are a few old books. （8）凡是以“定冠词+形容词（或分词）”作主语，往往根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果这种主语指的是一类人，谓语动词用复数；如果指的是一个人或抽象概念，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： The sick have been cured and the lost have been found. The dead is a famous person.3. 邻近一致的原则（1）由连词or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also,等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，则谓语动词按就近一致原则，与最靠近它的主语一致。例如：Either you or I am right.Neither the children nor the teacher knows anything about it.（2）在“There be” 句型中,谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。 There are two apples and one egg in it. （3）as well as 和名词连用时,谓语动词和第一个名词相一致。 He as well as I is responsible for it. 不但是我，他对这件事也有责任。 （4）以here开头的句子，其谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。 Here is a letter and some books for you.【主谓一致常考题型】、由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时，一般用复数形式，但and所连接的并列主语是同一个人，事物，或概念时，谓语动词用单数。这两种情况区分如下：a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词，指的是同一个人或物；a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词，指两个人或物。The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人)The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人)、 the+形容词表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式.The poor are very happy, but the rich are sad.、不定代词作主语时，谓语动词的使用.something, everything, anything, nothing, everybody, anybody, nobody, everyone, anyone等复合不定代词，以及either, neither(neither of), each (each of), each one, no one, another等代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Neither of the answers is right. Something is wrong with my computer. both, few, a few, many, several, others作主语，或它们所修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。例如：A few people can live to 100, but few can live to 150. Both of them are in my class.、with, as well as, like等修饰的单数名词作主语，谓语动词的使用单数名词作主语，且后面有with, as well as, like等修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：1.The teacher with his students has gone to the library. 2.Is the woman like you your mother? 3.The instrument as well as other spare parts is going to be airlifted soon. (该仪器以及其它一些备用件不久将空运。)、动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：1.To eat in a fast food restaurant is cheap and saves time. 2.Climbing hills is good exercise. 3.What interests the workers most is better wages and working conditions. (工人们最关注的是好的工资待遇和工作条件。) a number of +名词复数，动词要用复数形式; .而the number of +复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。The number of the students is over 800. . 以here，there开头的句子，若主语在两个或两个以上，谓语动词通常与临近的主语一致 There is a book and three pens on the desk.Here are some books and paper for you. The +姓的复数和family的区别. The +姓的复数用做复数,而family要判断本身但是单数还是复数. 当主语由some of, all of, half of, plenty of, a lot of, the rest of等加上名词或代词构成,或者由分数或百分数加of加名词等构成主语时,谓语动词和of后面的名词的数保持一致. 肯定与否定一致下列形容词、副词、代词从肯定句变成否定句时须作相应的变化。 Weve had some(money). We havent had any(money). I was talking to somebody wasnt talking to anybody./I was talking to nobody. They sometimes visit us. They never/seldom visit us. He has arrived already. He hasnt arrived yet. Li is coming too. Li isnt coming either. Both of us are going. Neither of us are going. He likes both of them. He doesnt like either of them. All of us are here. none of us is/are here.注意：so/neither+助动词+名词/代词结构中须用倒装语序。My wife like classic music very much and so do I.She doesnt like jazz and neither do I. 【主谓一致中考演练】一. 选择填空1. They said the eighteenth and last lesson _ quite easy. A. is B. was C. are D. were2. -When are you going to Kumming for your holidays? -I havent decided. _ this Sunday _ next Sunday is OK. A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Neither; nor D. Not only; but also3. _ Helen _ Joan speaks beautiful Chinese after they came to China. A. Neither; nor B. Not only; but also C. Both; and D. A and B4. _ of them has his own opinion. A. Both B. Some C. Every D. Each5. Are there any _ on the farm? A. horse B. duck C. chicken D. sheep6. My shirt _ white and my trousers _ blue.A. are; are B. are; isC. is; is D. is; are7. -Two months _ quite a long time.-Yes. Im afraid that he will miss a lot of lessons.A. is B. are C. was D. were8. The old man has two children but _ of them lives with him.A. both B. none C. neither D. all9. Our knowledge of computer _ growing all the time.A. be B. is C. are D. were10. Everyone except Tom and John _ there when the meeting began.A. is B. was C. are D. were11. Most of the houses _ this year.A. has built B. have built C. has been built D. have been built12. I think maths _ very difficult to learn.A. is B. are C. has D. have13. A large number of students _ to work in Xingjiang.A. have gone B. has gone C. goes D. is going14. The number of the students in the class _ small.A. are B. is C. have D. were15. There _ a lot of good news in todays newspaper.A. is B. are C. was D. were16. -Have you heard the latest news? -No, what ? A. is it B. is there C. are they D. are those17. How time flies! Three years really a short time. A. is B. are C. was D. were18. of the money been spent recycling the rubbish.A. Three fourths, has B. Three fourths, have C. Three fourth, has D. Three fourth, have19. The number of in our class fifty. A. student, is B. the student, are C. the students, is D. students, are20. Now the students each English Chinese-dictionary. A. has B, have C. is having D. are having21. Tom Mary speaks good Chinese, so they can communicate with these Chinese students very well.A. Neither, nor B, Not only, but also C. Both, and D. Either, or22. Physics very important for you. A. were B. was C. are D. is23. I didnt think maths important at that time. A. is B. was C. are D. were24. Ten kilometers a long way. Youd better take a taxi. A. is B. was C. were D. are25. Each of the students a new MP4 now. A. have B. has C. is D. are26. Here some flowers and some money for you. A. is B. are C. have D. has27. The whole class greatly moved at his words. A. is B. are C. was D. were28. The Smiths in Shang Hai for several years. A. Has been in B. has been to C. have been in D. have been to29. Everyone gone to the party. A. .has B had C have 30. Not only you but also I tired now.A am B are C were D was31. The number of the books over 500 in his room. And a number of them on art and music. A is; is B is; are C are; is D are; are32. To collect stamps one of my hobbies. A is B are C were D have33. What I have told you a secret, please dont tell others. A is B be C were D are34. Three hours quite a long time for the students to play computer games everyday. A is B were C was D are35. The shoes leather. A is made from B are made of C are made from D is made of36. Each of the boys an apple. A have B has C to have D to has37. -There no oranges or milk in the fridge, Could you get some for me .Dick?-All right, Mum. A is B are C was D were38. The old well here very well. A are; looked B is; looked C are; looked after D is ; looked after39. The class the best one in the grade. A is B are C were D be40. -Do you need more time to finish the work? -Yes, another ten days enough. A are B is C were D was41. The teachers should make sure that the students each a textbook. A has B have C is having D are having42. The pairs of glasses sold yesterday. A was B were C are D be43. The news very interesting! Tell me more! A is B are C were D was44. Either Mary or he going to Paris. Only one person may go there ,A are B is C was45. Look, the teacher as well as all his students playing games on the playground. A are B is C has been D have been46. To lose themselves in the net bar on teenagers future life.A have a bad effect B has a bad effect C have a good effect D has a good effect47. James with the Green the White Tower Park if it tomorrow.A are going to; isnt rainy B are going to ;doesnt rain C is going to ; wont rain D is going to ; isnt rainy48. Talking loudly on a mobile phone impolite. A are B seem C is49.- How much the shoes? -Five dollars enough. A is ;is B are ;is C are; are D is ; are50.We are all sorry to hear that the number of the Asian tigers getting these years.A is; fewer is; smaller C are; more D are; bigger51. my father my mother is able to use a computer. However, I can.A Both, and B Neither, nor C either; or D Not only; but also52. he I are interested in flying kites. A Both; and B Neither; nor C Either; or D Not only; but also53. The job is too difficult. Neither Jim nor I willing to do that.A am B is C are D be54. The police searching for a tall dark man long hair. A is ; is B is ;with C are ;has D are; with55.-How many students are there in your class? -Our class made up of fifty students. A has B have C is D are二. 用所给动词的适当形式填空1. _ (be) everything OK?2. Nobody _ (know) the answer to the question.3. Ten divided by two _ (be) five.4. Most of the drinking water _ (be) from the Black River.5. Not only she but also I _ (do) morning exercises every day.6. Either you or she _ (have) made a wrong decision.7. The family _(be) spending the weekend together.8. Bread and butter _ (be) her daily breakfast.9. The police _ (be) trying to catch the thief.10. The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons.三. 翻译下列句子1.我们两个人都没有看这部电影。 _.2.我的茶杯里没有水了。 _.3.不是他就是我要到哪儿去。 _.4.学生们和老师都不知道这件事。 _.5.我们家正在一起度周末。 _.【练习答案】一. 1. B 2.B 3.D 4.D 5.D 6.D 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.B11.D 12.A 13.A 14.B 15.A 16-20 AAACB 21-25 BDBAB 26-30 BACAA 31-35 BAAAB 36-40 BBCAB 41-45 BBABB 46-50 BDCBB 51-55 BAABC二. 1.Is 2.knows 3.is 4.is 5.do 6.has 7.are 8.is 9.are 10.was; were 三. 1.Neither of us has seen the film.2.There is no water in my cup.3.Either he or I is going there.4.Neither the students nor the teacher knows this matter.5.Our family are spending the weekend together.