2019年6月大学英语四级真题(第3套)(3).doc

WORD格式2019 年 6 月大学英语四级真题完整版（第 3 套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to yourcampus newspaper on a visit to a volunteer activity organized by your StudentUnion. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each newsreport, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and then questionswill be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A），B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.本次四级考试只有 2 套听力Part Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required toselect one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank followingthe passage.Read the passagethrough carefully before making your choices. Eachchoice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter foreach item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not useany of the words in the bank more than onceQuestions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Just becausethey cant sing opera or ride a bicycle doesnt mean that animalsdont have culture. Theres no better example of this than killer whales. As one of themost _26_ predators食( 肉动物)，killer whales may not fit the _27_ of a cultured creature. However, these beasts of the sea do display a vast range of highly _28_behaviors that appear to be driving their genetic development.The word “culture”comes from the Latin “colere,”which _29_ means “tocultivate.”In other words, it refers to anything that is _30_ or learnt, rather thaninstinctive or natural. Among human populations, culture not only affects the way welive, but also writes itself into our genes, affecting who we are. For instance, havingspent many generations hunting the fat marine mammals of the Arctic, the Eskimos of专业资料Greenland have developed certain genetic _31_ that help them digest and utilizethis fat-rich diet, thereby allowing them to _32_ in their cold climate.Like humans, killer whales have colonized a range of different _33_ across theglobe, occupying every ocean basin on the planet, with an empire that _34_ frompole to pole. As such, different populations of killer whales have had to learn differenthunting techniques in order to gain the upper hand over their local prey(猎物). This,in turn, has a major effect on their diet, leading scientists to _35_ that the ability tolearn population-specific hunting methods could be driving the animalsgeneticdevelopment.A) acquired E) expressed I) image M) speculateB) adaptations F) extends J) literally N) structureC) brutal G) habitats K) refined O) thriveD) deliberately H) humble L) revolvesSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statementsattached to each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose aparagraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer thequestions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Living with parents edges out other living arrangements for 18- to34- year-oldsA Broad demographic (人口的)shifts is marital status, educational attainment andemployment have transformed the way young adults in the U.S. are living, and a newPew Research Center analysis highlights the implications of these changes for themost basic element of their liveswhere they call home. In 2014,for the first time inmore than 130 years, adults ages 18 to 34 were slightly more likely to be living intheir parentshome than they were to be living with a spouse or partner in their ownhousehold.B This turn of events is fueled primarily by the dramatic drop in the share of young Americans who are choosing to settle down romantically before age 35. Dating backto 1880, the most common living arrangement among young adults has been living with a romantic partner, whether a spouse or a significant other. This type of arrangement peaked around 1960, when 62% of the nations 18-to 34-year-olds were living with a spouse or partner in their own household, and only one-in-five were living with their parents.C By 2014, 31.6% of young adults were living with a spouse or partner in their ownhousehold, below the share living in the home of their parent(s) (32.1%). Some 14%of young adults lived alone, were a single parent or lived with one or more roommates.The remaining 22% lived in the home of another family member (such as agrandparent,in-law or sibling ( 兄弟姐妹), a non-relative, or in group quarters likecollege dormitories.D It s worth noting that the overall share of young adults living with their parentswas not at a record high in 2014. This arrangement peaked around 1940, when about35% of the nations 18-to 34-year-olds lived with mom and/or dad (compared with 32%in 2014). What has changed, instead, is the relative share adopting different ways ofliving in early adulthood, with the decline of romantic coupling pushing living athome to the top of a much less uniform list of living arrangements.E Among young adults, living arrangements differ significantly by gender. For menages 18 to 34, living at home with mom and/or dad has been the dominant livingarrangementsince 2009, In 2014,28% of young men were living with a spouse ofpartner in their own home, while 35% were living in the home of their parent(s). Young women, however, are still more likely to be living with a spouse of romanticpartner(35%) than they are to be living with their parent(s)(29%).F In 2014, more young women (16%) than young men (13%) were heading up ahousehold without a spouse or partner. This is mainly because women are more likelythan men to be single parents living with their children. For their part, young men(25%) are more likely than young women (19%) to be living in the home of anotherfamily member, a non-relative or in some type of group quarters.G A variety of factors contribute to the long-run increase in the share of young. Adults living with the parents. The first in the postponement of, if not retreat from,marriage. The average age of first marriage has risen steadily for decades. In addition,a growing share of young adult may be avoiding marriage altogether. A previous PewResearch Center analysis projected that as many as one-in-four of todasyyoung adultmay never marry. While cohabitation(同居)has been on the rise, the overall share ofyoung adults either married or living with an unmarried partner has substantiallyfallen since 1990.H In addition, trends in both employment status and wages have likely contributed to the growing share of young adults who are living in the home of their parent(s), andthis is especially true of young men. Employed young men are much less likely to live at home than young men without a job, and employment among young men has fallen significantly in recent decades.The share of young men with jobs peaked around 1960 at 84%. In 2014, only 71% of 18-to-34-year-old men were employed. Similarly with earnings, young mens wages (after adjusting for inflation) have been on a downward trajectory (轨迹) since 1970 and fell significantly from 2000 to 2010. Aswages have fallen, the share of young men living in the home of their parent(s) hasrisen.I Economic factors seem to explain less of why young adult women are increasinglylikely to live at home. Generally, young women have had growing success in the paidlabor market since 1960 and hence might increasingly be expected to be a be to affordto afford to live independently of their parents. For women, delayed marriage whichis related, in part, to labor market outcomes for men may explain more of theincrease in their living in the family home.J The Great Recession (and modest recovery) has also been associated with an increase in young adults living at home. Initially in the wake of the recession, collegeenrollments expanded, boosting the ranks of young adults living at home. And giventhe weak job opportunities facing young adults, living at home was part of the privatesafety net help young adults to weather the economic storm.K Beyond gender, young adults living arrangements differ considerable byeducation which is tied to financial means. For young adults without a bachelors degree, as of 2008 living at home with their parents was more prevalent than livingwith a romantic partner. By 2014, 36% of 18-to 34-year-olds who had not completed abachelors degree were living with their parent(s) while 27% were living with aspouse or partner. Among college graduates, in 2014 46% were married or living witha partner, and only 19% were living with their parent(s). Young adults with a collegedegree have fared much better in the labor market than their less-educatedcounterparts, which has in turn made it easier to establish their own households.36. Unemployed young men are more likely to live with their parents than theemployed.37. In 2014, the percentage of men aged 18 to 34 living with their parents was greaterthan that of their female counterparts.38. The percentage of young people who are married or live with a partner has greatlydecreased in the past three decades or so.39. Around the mid-20th century, only 20 percent of 18- to 34-year-old lived in theirparentshome.40. Young adults with a college degree found it easier to live independently of theirparents.41. Young men are less likely to end up as single parents than young women.42. More young adult women live with their parents than before due to delayedmarriage.43. The percentage of young men who live with their parents has grown due to theirdecreased pay in recent decades.44. The rise in the number of college students made more young adults live with theirparents.45. One reason for young adults to live with their parents is that get married late orstay single all their lives.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by somequestions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.According to the majority of Americans, women are every bit as capable of beinggood political leaders as men. The same can be said of their ability to dominate thecorporate boardroom. And according to a new Pew Research Center survey on womenand leadership, most Americans find women indistinguishable from men on keyleadership traits such as intelligence and capacity for innovation, with many sayingtheyre stronger than men in terms of being passionate and organized leaders.So why, then, are women in short supply at the top of government and business in the United States? According to the public, at least, its not that they lack toughness,management talent or proper skill sets.Its also not all about work-life balance. Although economic research andprevious survey findings have shown that career interruptions related to motherhoodmay make it harder for women to advance in their careers and compete for topexecutive jobs, relatively few adults in the recent survey point to this as a key barrierfor women seeking leadership roles. Only about one-in-five say womens familyresponsibilities are a major reason why there arent more females in top leadershippositions in business and politics. Instead, topping the list of reasons, about four-in-ten Americans point to a doublestandard for women seeking to climb to the highest levels of either politics or business,where they have to do more than their male counterparts to prove themselves. Similarshares say the electorate选( 民)and corporate America are just not ready to put morewomen in top leadership positions.As a result, the public is divided about whether the imbalance in corporateAmerica will change in the foreseeable future, even though women have made majoradvances in the workplace. While 53% believe men will continue to hold more topexecutive positions in business in the future, 44% say its only a matter of time beforeas many women are in top executive positions as men. Americans are less doubtfulwhen it comes to politics: 73% expect to see a female president in their lifetime.46. What do most Americans think of women leaders according to a new PewResearch Center survey?A) They have to do more to distinguish themselves.B) They have to strive harder to win their positions.C) They are stronger than men in terms of willpower.D) They are just as intelligent and innovative as men.47. What do we learn from previous survey findings about women seeking leadershiproles?A) They have unconquerable difficulties on their way to success.B) They are lacking in confidence when competing with men.C) Their failures may have something to do with family duties.D) Relatively few are hindered in their career advancement.48. What is the primary factor keeping women from taking top leadership positionsaccording to the recent survey?A) Personality traits.B) Gender bias.C) Family responsibilities.D) Lack of vacancies.49. What does the passage say about corporate America in the near future?A) More and more women will sit in the boardroom.B) Gender imbalance in leadership is likely to change.C) The public is undecided about whether women will make good leaders.D) People have opposing opinions as to whether it will have more women leaders.50. What do most Americans expect to see soon on Americsapolitical stage?A) A woman in the highest position of government.B) More and more women actively engaged in politics.C) A majority of women voting for a female president.D) As many women in top government positions as men.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following spsaage.People have grown taller over the last century, with South Korean womenshooting up by more than 20cm on average, and Iranian men gaining. 16.5cm. Aglobal study looked at the average height of 18-year-olds in 200 countries 1914 and The results reveal that while Swedes were the tallest people in the world in 1914,Dutch men have risen from 12th place to claim top spot with an average height of51. cm. Latvian women. Meanwhile, rose from 28th place in 1914 to become thetallest in the world a century later, with an average heig