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PEP小学英语语法大全及复习习题.doc

1、时间名词前所用介词的速记歌年月周前要用in,日子前面却不行。 遇到几号要用on,上午下午又是in。 要说某日上下午,用on换in才能行。 午夜黄昏须用at,黎明用它也不错。 at也用在明分前,说“差”可要用上to, 说“过”只可使用past,多说多练牢牢记, 莫让岁月空蹉跎。 下面就时间概念的介词用法做一简要介绍和比较。1at表示时间概念的某一个点。(在某时刻、时间、阶段等)。at 1:00(dawn,midnight,noon)在一点钟(黎明、午夜、中午)these are our chief tasks at the present stage这些就是我们现阶段的主要任务。2on1)表示具

2、体日期。they arrived in shanghai on may25他们在五月二十五日到达上海。注:(1)关于在周末的几种表示法:at(on)the weekend在周末-特指at(on)weekends在周末-泛指over the weekend在整个周末during the weekend在周末期间 (2)在圣诞节,应说at Christmas而不说on Christmas2)在(刚)的时候。 on reaching the city he called up his parents一到城里他就给父母打了一个电话。3in1)表示时段、时期,在多数情况下可以和dur- ing互换,前者

3、强调对比,后者强调持续。 in(during)1988(December,the 20th century)在一九八八年(十二月、二十世纪)i returned to Beijing in the middle of June我是六月中回北京的。 但如果表示在某项活动的期间,则只能用during。during my military service(the trip)在我服役期间(在旅行期间)2)表示以说话时间为基点的(若干时间)以后,常用作将来时态谓语的时间状语。如这时要表示(若干时间)内,常用within。比较:the meeting will end in 30minutes(三十分钟后

4、)会议三十分钟后结束。can you finish it within 30minutes?(三十分钟内)你能在三十分钟之内完成这件事吗? 但在过去时态中,in可用于表在若干时间以内,这时不要误用during。 the job was done during a week(wrong)the job was done in a week(right)这工作在一星期内就完成了。4after表示在(某具体时间)以后,注意不要和in的2)意混淆。after supper(8oclock,the war)晚饭(八点、战)后 比较:he will be back in two hours他将在两个小时以

5、后回来。he returned tohis hometown after the war战后他回到了故乡。 5for表示(动作延续)若干时间,有时可省略。 i stayed in london(for)two days on my way to new york在去纽约的途中,我在伦敦呆了两天。6since表示自(某具体时间)以来,常用作完成时态谓语的时间状语。since liberation(1980)自从解放(1980年)以来 they have been close friends since childhood他们从小就是好朋友。 注: (1)since the war是指自从战争结束

6、以来,若指自从战争开始以来,须说since the beginning of the war。 (2)不要将since与after混淆。 比较:he has worked here since 1965(指一段时间,强调时间段)自从1965年以来,他一直在这儿工作。 he began to work here after 1965(指一点时间,强调时间点)从1965年以后,他开始在这儿工作。7by表示到的时候,其谓语时态的用法:动作动词常用完成时态;状态动词(be)常用一般时态。比较: by noon,everybody had(will have)arrived there by noon,

7、everybody were(will be)there 到中午的时候,大家都(将)到那儿了。 以上探讨了介词表示时间概念时的用法和比较,上述介词除表示时间概念外还有其他的用法,英语学习者必须掌握其各种用法,才能灵活运用,提高自己的语言能力。 小学英语语法复习要点(一)一、名词复数规则1一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,watch-watches3以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:fa

8、mily-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives5不规则名词复数:man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数 I _him _this _her _watch _chi

9、ld _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _man_ woman_ paper_ juice_water_ milk_ rice_ tea_二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍 【No. 1】一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如:The earth

10、goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1. be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加-s或-es。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。如:-Are you a student?

11、-Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句:主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。如:I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesnt构成否定句。如:He doesnt often play.一般疑问句:Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如:- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如:- Does she go

12、 to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:How does your father go to work?动词+s的变化规则1一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies一般现在时用法专练:一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink _ g

13、o _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_ teach_二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they o

14、ften _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby ca

15、refully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturd

16、ay.三、按照要求改写句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)_2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)_3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答)_4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)_5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)_7. I like taking photos in the p

17、ark.(对划线部分提问)_8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)_9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)_10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)_五、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)1. Is your brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us Englis

18、h. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _三、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing? 但疑问词当主语时其结构为: 疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking2以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:

19、make-making, taste-tasting3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习:一、写出下列动词的现在分词:play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture no

20、w.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to mu

21、sic. 9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型转换:1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_3Im playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)_4Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行

22、提问)_四、将来时理论及练习一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。 二、基本结构:be going to + do;will+ do.三、否定句:在be动词(am, is, are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。例如:Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this after

23、noon.四、一般疑问句: be或will提到句首,some改为any, and改为or,第一二人称互换。例如:We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1. 问人。Who 例如:Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon.2. 问干什么。What do.例如: My father is going to watch a ra

24、ce with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3. 问什么时候。When.例如:Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?六、同义句:be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow. 填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my

25、friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday?I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _?Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4. 你们打算什么时候见面。What time _ you _ _ mee

26、t?改句子。5. Nancy is going to go camping.(改否定)Nancy _ going to go camping.6. Ill go and join them.(改否定)I _ go _ join them.7. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.(改一般疑问句)_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9. She is going to

27、 listen to music after school.(对划线部分提问)_ _ she _ _ _ after school?10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)_ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空。11. Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.12. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai nex

28、t week.13. Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ (go) to school by bike.14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _ (watch) TV and _(catch) insects? 15. Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _ (watch) TV and _ (catch) insects.16. What _ (d0) you do last Su

29、nday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm. What _ (do) next Sunday? I _ (milk) cows.17. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18. Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19. David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday.20. I _ (plan) for my study now.五、一般过去时1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一

30、般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasnt)are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=werent)带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子 否定句:didnt +动词原形,如:Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如:Did Jim go home yester

31、day? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?如: What did Jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?如:Who went to home yesterday?动词过去式变化规则:1一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked2结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed,如:study-studied过去时练习写出下列动词的过去式 isam_ fly_ pl

32、ant_ are _drink_ play_ go_ make _does_ dance_ worry_ ask _taste_ eat_ draw_ put _throw_ kick_ pass_ do _Be动词的过去时练习(1)一、 用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ at school just now.2. He _ at the camp last week.3. We _ students two years ago.4. They _ on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6. T

33、here _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.二、 句型转换1. It was exciting.否定句:_一般疑问句:_肯、否定回答:_2. All the students were very excited. 否定句:_一般疑问句:_肯、否定回答:_3. They were in his pocket. 否定句:_一般疑问句:_肯、否定回答:_Be动词的过去时练习(

34、2)一、用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ an English teacher now.2. She _ happy yesterday.3. They _ glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy _ good friends.5. The little dog _ two years old this year.6. Look, there _ lots of grapes here.7. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today _ the second of June

35、. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Childrens Day. All the students _ very excited.二、句型转换1. There was a car in front of the house just now. 否定句:_一般疑问句:_肯、否定回答:_肯、否定回答:_三、 中译英1我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。_2他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。_3一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。_行为动词的过去时练习(1)一、用行为动词的适当形式填空1. He _ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat _ (eat) a bird last night.3. We _ (have) a party last Hallow

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