机械课程设计(双级直齿圆柱齿轮减速器).doc

Xiaoping theory and the important thought of the three represents and the scientific Outlook on development. Such changes were made, is conducive to implementing the innovation of Marxism in China, especially the scientific concept of development the strategic task of arming the whole party, play grass-roots organizations in promoting the scientific Outlook on development into the grass-roots level, and to implement the important role. Third, how to use the contents of the new Constitution guiding party building through studying the essence of the new Constitution, the flexible application of the essence of the Constitution in party building, and I think the key to grasping the following: to catch the discipline, focus on strengthening the party's rules and regulations binding. To strictly observe and carry out the party's political discipline, ensure the centralism and unity of the whole party. Party cadres, especially leading cadres, both doers, but also have a strong sense of political awareness to dry line, line, not lack of ability to work, become a talker; hard work isSkill, political direction, unable to understand when confused. Flag of the CPC Central Committee and the Committee's requirements into Department's request, to a holistic and concerted efforts, subject to the overall situation. Second, cadres and strive to play an exemplary role of party members and cadres of hardworking and clean, emphasizes lead, shift, led. Lead is to adhere to set an example, to lead by example, deal with the relationship between individuals and parties, real lead role shift is in order to strengthen the sense of responsibility, creating a fighting force; lead is to adhere to strict requirements, strict management and strict supervision. Three catch basis and strive to enhance the combat effectiveness of the party organization. To according to Constitution on grass-roots party of requirements, to implementation good basic system, for members for, regardless of party positions has more high, administrative terms has more big, any when are to has Organization concept, active participate in organization activities, consciously accept party of supervision; to do based sex work, management good members, service good members, grass-roots party to using members organization received turned, and members thought reported, and party of Conference and dues pay, opportunities, master members of basic situation, care members life. Four to focus and work hard to resolve. Comrades, the above is what I give you guidance in the new Constitution. Hope every Member of the party to pass the tutor, deepen our understanding of the Constitution in the party's guiding ideology advancing with the times, consciously link their own thinking and practice, after careful study, read and carefully understand, think, relate, apply what they have learned. Not only runs through the mass line of the party Constitution to learn the new educational practice all the time, but also to harvest as a good starting point to learn, study and work to do better in the future, and strive to create a new situation for school education contribute their《机械设计基础》课程设计计算书

机械设计基础课程设计
COURSE PROJECT

题目： 双级直齿圆柱齿轮减速器
系别：
专业：
班级：
姓名：
学号：
指导老师：
时间：

目 录
第 1 章 机械设计课程设计任务书 4
1.1. 设计题目 4
1.2. 设计要求 5
1.3. 设计说明书的主要内容 5
1.4. 课程设计日程安排 5
第 2 章 传动装置的总体设计 6
2.1. 传动方案拟定 6
2.2. 电动机的选择 6
2.3. 确定传动装置的传动比
2.4. 传动装置的运动和动力设计 6
第 3 章 传动零件的设计计算 7
3.1 选定齿轮传动类型、材料、热处理方式、精度等级………………………………
3.2 初选主要参数…………………………………………………………………………
3.3 按齿面接触疲劳强度计算……………………………………………………………
3.4 确定模数………………………………………………………………………………
3.5 按齿根弯曲疲劳强度校核计算………………………………………………………
3.6 几何尺寸计算…………………………………………………………………………
3.7 验算初选精度等级是否合适…………………………………………………………
第 4 章 轴的设计计算 8
4.1 齿轮轴的设计……………………………………………………………………………
4.1.1 确定轴上零件的定位和固定方式…………………………………………………
4.1.2 按扭转强度估算轴的直径…………………………………………………………
4.1.3 确定轴各段直径和长度……………………………………………………………
4.1.4 求齿轮上作用力的大小、方向……………………………………………………
4.1.5 轴承支承反力………………………………………………………………………
4.1.6 弯矩图………………………………………………………………………………
4.1.7 转矩图………………………………………………………………………………
4.1.8 当量弯矩图…………………………………………………………………………
4.1.9 判断危险截面并验算强度…………………………………………………………
4.2 输出轴的设计计算………………………………………………………………………
4.2.1 确定轴上零件的定位和固定方式…………………………………………………
4.2.2按扭转强度估算轴的直径…………………………………………………………
4.2.3确定轴各段直径和长度……………………………………………………………
4.2.4求齿轮上作用力的大小、方向……………………………………………………
4.2.5轴承支承反力………………………………………………………………………
4.2.6 弯矩图………………………………………………………………………………
4.2.7 转矩图………………………………………………………………………………
4.2.8 当量弯矩图…………………………………………………………………………
4.2.9 判断危险截面并验算强度…………………………………………………………
第 5 章 滚动轴承的选择及校核计算……………………………………………………6
5.1 输入轴的轴承设计计算…………………………………………………………………
5.1.1 初步计算当量动载荷P……………………………………………………………
5.1.2 求轴承应有的径向基本额定载荷值………………………………………………
5.1.3 选择轴承型号………………………………………………………………………
5.2 输出轴的轴承设计计算…………………………………………………………………
5.2.1 初步计算当量动载荷P……………………………………………………………
5.2.2 求轴承应有的径向基本额定载荷值……………………………………………
5.2.3 选择轴承型号……………………………………………………………………
第 6 章 键联接的选择及计算 10
6.1 输入轴与联轴器联接键的选择及计算……………………………………………
6.2 输出轴与联轴器联接键的选择及计算……………………………………………
6.3 输出轴与齿轮联接键的选择及计算………………………………………………
第 7 章 连轴器的选择与计算 11
7.1 减速器与输送带联接联轴器选择………………………………………………………
7.1.1 类型选择…………………………………………………………………………
7.1.2 载荷计算…………………………………………………………………………
7.1.3 型号选择…………………………………………………………………………
7.2 电动机与减速器联接联轴器选择………………………………………………………
7.2.1 类型选择…………………………………………………………………………
7.2.2 载荷计算…………………………………………………………………………
7.2.3 型号选择…………………………………………………………………………
第 8 章 密封与润滑的设计……………………………………………………………9
8.1 密封………………………………………………………………………………
8.2 润滑………………………………………………………………………………
第 9 章 箱体及各附件的设计…………………………………………………………10
9.1 箱体…………………………………………………………………………………
9.2 视孔盖和窥视孔……………………………………………………………………
9.3 油螺塞………………………………………………………………………………
9.4 油标…………………………………………………………………………………
9.5 通气孔………………………………………………………………………………
9.6 启盖螺钉……………………………………………………………………………
9.7 定位销………………………………………………………………………………
9.8 吊钩…………………………………………………………………………………
设计小结……………………………………………………………………………………10
参考文献…………………………………………………………………………………11

本文首先研究了我国药店信息管理系统的作用，通过作用，优势引出普及药店信息管理系统的必要性，然后再分析目前我国药店信息管理系统的发展现状包括Thank you very much. ----The Constitution Party rules address the series really is a qualified party members earlier this year, all party members to the Central "series of party rules, and address of the party Constitution, be qualified party members" learn education is an important decision. XI Jinping, Secretary General chaired a Politburo meeting in February, were devoted to educational programmes and made an important speech recently personally approved specific programmes, many important instructions. On April 6, 13th, 15th, the Central and autonomous regional party Committee, the municipal party Committee held educational symposium, and related matters For specific deployment, we held on March 4, Hongshan district party working Conference also proposed to carry out this activity. All together this forum today, main purpose is to study and implement in depth General Secretary XI Jinping on "two" important instructions for learning education, studying and implementing the Central and autonomous region Party Committee and municipal party Committee "two" spiritual education Symposium, arrangements for district-wide learning education. The following, I would like to stress four points, mainly talk about "learning" and "doing" issue, and strive to make people really figure out why, what to learn and how they learn, what to do, how to do it, eventually reached little success, is also leading a lesson in party lecture. After both leaders and the cadres, regardless of Branch Secretary or an ordinary party member, to implement certain boundaries education "give a Party lecture" requirement, practice speaking, speak much fanfare, innovation way, down to Earth, ensuring educational success. First, you know, pay special attention to education and to resolutely overcome sluggish thinking, and boredom "two" study and education, possibly quite a few comrades, saying "education every year, almost every year" fool fool, I feel that with this in mind who may be many. If carrying this idea in mind, what does that tell, how the political consciousness is not strong and not see the pulse of the situation, no, the "Rip van Winkle", lost or confused in the end do not know what's going on. To realize "two a" learning practice activities and education is the education of the party's mass line, "three-three" special education was another important practice in implementing the requirements of strictly administering the party. Comrade XI Jinping pointed out: "the deployment of ' doing ' education, is to promote the inner-party education from ' critical few ' their expansion into the vast number of party members, extending from the concentrated education to regular education. "After 18, Central Committee of the party must handle party, strictly administering the party, and has carried out the party's mass line education practice and" three-three "special education, but focus on the leading cadres above the county level. The "two" study and education, is carried out in the whole party and all the party members. This is implemented strictly administering the party, an important measure to21

《机械设计基础》课程设计计算书
第 1 章 机械设计课程设计任务书
1.1. 设计题目
设计用于带式运输机的单级直齿圆柱齿轮减速器，如图如示。

参数
F
V
D
单位
N
m/s
mm
数据
2750
0.80
300
已知数据：

1.2. 设计要求
1.减速器装配图A0 一张
2.设计说明书一份约6000～8000字
1.3. 课程设计目的
1. 熟悉单级圆柱齿轮减速器的工作原理，设计与计算的方法；
2. 运用所学的知识解决设计中所遇到的具体实际问题，培养独立工作能力，以及初步学会综合运用所学知识，解决材料的选择，强度计算和刚度计算，制造工艺与装配工艺等方面的问题。
3. 熟悉有关设计资料，学会查阅手册和运用国家标准。
1.4. 设计说明书的主要内容
封面 (标题及班级、姓名、学号、指导老师、完成日期)
目录（包括页次）
设计任务书
传动方案的分析与拟定(简单说明并附传动简图)
电动机的选择计算
传动装置的运动及动力参数的选择和计算
传动零件的设计计算
轴的设计计算
滚动轴承的选择和计算
键联接选择和计算
联轴器的选择
设计小结体会、优缺点、改进意见)
参考文献
1.5. 课程设计日程安排
表 1 课程设计日程安排表
1)
准备阶段
12月27日～12月27日
1天
2)
传动装置总体设计阶段
12月28日～12月28日
1天
3)
传动装置设计计算阶段
12月29日～12月31日
3天
4)
减速器装配图设计阶段
1月3日～1月7日
5天
5)
零件工作图绘制阶段
1月8日～1月9日
2天
6)
设计计算说明书编写阶段
1月10日～1月10日
1天
7)
设计总结和答辩
1月11日
1天

第 2 章 传动装置的总体设计
2.1. 传动方案拟定
原始数据: 带速V=0.8m/s；
滚筒直径D=300mm；
运输带工作拉力:F=2750N

2.2. 电动机的选择
1)、电动机类型和结构的选择：选择Y系列三相异步电动机，此系列电动机属于一般用途的全封闭自扇冷电动机，其结构简单，价格低廉，维护方便，适用于无特殊要求的各种机械设备。
2)、电动机容量选择：
传动效率的确定：

式中参数：
— 弹性联轴器的传动效率
— 一对滚动轴承的传动效率
— 8级精度的齿轮传动效率
— 弹性联轴器的传动效率
— 卷筒的传动效率

电机转速： 960
电动机所需工作功率为：
Ｐd＝ＰＷ／η总 (kw)
ＰＷ＝ＦV/1000 (KW)
所以：电机所需的工作功率：
　　　　Pd　= FV/1000η总
=(2750×0.8)/(1000×0.79)
=2.785(kw)
选用电机型号为Y132s-6 额定功率P=3.0kw

2.3. 确定传动装置的传动比
卷筒工作转速为：
n卷筒＝60×1000·V/（π·D）
=(60×1000×0.8)/（300·π）
　　=50.93 r/min
总传动比i总=n电机/n卷筒=960/50.93=18.84
按展开式二级圆柱齿轮减速器推荐高级传动比i1=（1.3～1.5）i2，取i1=1.3i2，
得
取i1=4.90
i2=3.83 取i2=3.78
2.4. 传动装置的运动和动力设计
（1）计算各轴的转数：
Ⅰ轴：nⅠ=n电动机=960 （r/min） （电机轴）
Ⅱ轴：nⅡ= nⅠ/ i1
=960/4.9=195.9 r/min
Ⅲ轴：nⅢ= nⅡ/ i2=195.9/3.78=51.83 r/min
卷筒轴：nⅣ= nⅢ=51.83 r/min
（2）计算各轴的输入功率：
Ⅰ轴： PⅠ=Pd×η01 =Pd×η1
=2.785×0.96=2.67(kw)
Ⅱ轴： PⅡ= PⅠ×η12= PⅠ×η2×η3
=2.67×0.98×0.97
　 =2.54(kw)
Ⅲ轴：PⅢ= PⅡ·η23= PⅡ·η2·η3
=2.55×0.98×0.97
=2.41kw
卷筒轴： PⅣ= PⅢ·η34= PⅢ·η2·η4
=2.42×0.98×0.96
=2.27kw
（3）计算各轴的输出功率：
由于Ⅰ～Ⅳ轴的输出功率分别为输入功率乘以轴承效率：
故：P’Ⅰ=PⅠ×η轴承=2.67×0.98=2.63 KW
P’Ⅱ= PⅡ×η轴承=2.54×0.98=2.5KW
P’Ⅲ= PⅢ×η轴承=2.41×0.98=2.37KW
P’Ⅱ= PⅣ×η轴承=2.27×0.98=2.23KW
（4）计算各轴的输入转矩：
电动机轴输出转矩为：
Td=9550·Pd/nm=9550×2.785/960
=27.7N·m
Ⅰ轴： TⅠ=9550·PⅠ/nⅠ=9550×2.67/960
=26.56N·m
Ⅱ轴：TⅡ=9550·PⅡ/nⅡ=9550×2.54/195.9
=123.82N·m
Ⅲ轴：TⅢ=9550·PⅢ/nⅢ=9550×2.41/51.83
=444.06N·m
卷筒轴输入轴转矩：TⅣ=9550·PⅣ/nⅣ=9550×2.27/51.83
=418.26N·m
（5）计算各轴的输出转矩：
由于Ⅰ～Ⅳ轴的输出转矩分别为输入转矩乘以轴承效率：则：
T’Ⅰ= TⅠ×η轴承
=25.56×0.98=25.05N·m
T’ Ⅱ= TⅡ×η轴承
=123.82×0.98=121.34N·m
T’ Ⅲ= TⅢ×η轴承
=444.06×0.98=435.18N·m
T’ Ⅳ= TⅣ×η轴承
=418.26×0.98=409.9N·m
综合以上数据，得表如下：
轴名
效率P （KW）
转矩T （N·m）
转速n
r/min
输入
输出
输入
输出
电动机轴

2.785

27.66
960
Ⅰ轴
2.67
2.62
26.56
25.05
960
Ⅱ轴
2.54
2.49
123.82
121.34
195.9
Ⅲ轴
2.41
2.36
444.06
435.18
51.83
卷筒轴
2.27
2.22
418.26
409.9
51.83

第 3 章 传动零件的设计计算
第一对齿轮传动的设计
3.1.1 选定齿轮传动类型、材料、热处理方式、精度等级
选软齿面，小齿轮的材料为45号钢调质，齿面硬度为220HBW，大齿轮选用45号钢正火，齿面硬度为200HBW。
齿轮精度初选8级
3.1.2 初选主要参数
Z1=20 ，u=4.90 Z2=Z1·u=20×4.90=98
查教材表7.7得齿宽系数ψd=0.8
3.1.3 按齿面接触疲劳强度计算
计算小齿轮分度圆直径
d1≥
确定各参数值
载荷系数 查教材表7-6 取K=1.0
小齿轮名义转矩
T1=26.56×103N·mm
③ 齿数比 u=4.9
④ 许用应力
小轮的齿面硬度为220HBW，查7-21得=550MPa，由图7-23得=260MPa，取安全系数=1，=1.25，许用应力为：

大轮的齿面硬度为220HBW，查7-21得=400MPa，由图7-23得=170MPa，取安全系数=1，=1.25，许用应力为：

取两式计算中的较小值，即［σH］=400MPa
于是 d1≥
==48.23mm
3.1.4 确定模数
m=d1/Z1=48.23/20mm=2.41mm
由表7-1选取第一系列标准模数m=2
3.1.5 按齿根弯曲疲劳强度校核计算
由齿根数Z1=20，Z2=98，查表7-8得齿形系数YF1=2.92, YF2=2.20.代入校核公式:

故满足齿根弯曲疲劳强度要求
3.1.6 几何尺寸计算
d1=m·Z1=2×20=40 mm
d2=m·Z2=2×98=196 mm
a=m×(Z1+Z2)/2=2×(20+98)/2=118mm
大齿轮宽度b2=ψd×d1=0.8×40=32mm 圆整b2=35 mm
取小齿轮宽度 b1 =b2+10 mm=45 mm
3.1.7 验算初选精度等级是否合适
齿轮圆周速度: v=π·d1·n1/（60×1000）
=3.14×40×960/（60×1000）
=2.01 m/s
对照教材表7-4可知选择8级精度合适。
第二对齿轮传动的设计
3.2.1 选定齿轮传动类型、材料、热处理方式、精度等级
选软齿面，小齿轮的材料为45号钢调质，齿面硬度为220HBW，大齿轮选用45号钢正火，齿面硬度为200HBW。
齿轮精度初选8级
3.2.2 初选主要参数
Z3=23 ，u=3.78 Z4=Z3·u=23×3.78=87
查教材表7.7得齿宽系数ψd=0.8
3.2.3 按齿面接触疲劳强度计算
计算小齿轮分度圆直径
D3≥
确定各参数值
载荷系数 查教材表7-6 取K=1.0
小齿轮名义转矩
T2=123.82×103N·mm
③ 齿数比 u=3.78
④ 许用应力
小轮的齿面硬度为220HBW，查7-21得=550MPa，由图7-23得=260MPa，取安全系数=1，=1.25，许用应力为：

大轮的齿面硬度为220HBW，查7-21得=400MPa，由图7-23得=170MPa，取安全系数=1，=1.25，许用应力为：

取两式计算中的较小值，即［σH］=400MPa
于是 d3≥
==82mm
3.2.4 确定模数
m=d3/Z3=82/23mm=3.57mm
由表7-1选取第二系列标准模数m=3

3.2.5 按齿根弯曲疲劳强度校核计算
由齿根数Z3=23，Z4=87，查表7-8得齿形系数YF3=2.92, YF4=2.24.代入校核公式:

故满足齿根弯曲疲劳强度要求
3.2.6 几何尺寸计算
d3=m·Z3=3×23=69 mm
d4=m·Z4=3×87=261 mm
a=m×(Z3+Z4)/2=3×(23+87)/2=165mm
大齿轮宽度b4=ψd×d3=0.8×69=55.2mm 圆整b4=60 mm
取小齿轮宽度 b3 =b4+10 mm=70 mm
3.2.7 验算初选精度等级是否合适
齿轮圆周速度: v=π·d3·n2/（60×1000）
=3.14×69×195.9/（60×1000）
=0.577 m/s
对照教材表7-4可知选择8级精度合适
第 4 章 轴的设计计算
齿轮轴的设计
4.1 齿轮轴Ⅰ（输入轴）的设计
4.1.1 按扭转强度估算轴的直径
选用45#调质，硬度217~255HBW，轴的输入功率为PⅠ=2.67kw，转速为nⅠ=960 r/min
根据教材P230（13-2）式，并查表13-2，取A=118
d≥
4.1.2 确定轴各段直径和长度
（1）从联轴器开始右起第一段，由于联轴器与轴通过键联接，则轴应该增加5%，圆整后取D1= 22mm，又联轴器长度L=60mm
则第一段长度L1=58mm
（2）右起第二段直径取D2=25mm,根据轴承端盖的装拆以及对轴承添加润滑脂的要求和箱体的厚度，取端盖的外端面与带轮的左端面间的距离为30mm，则取第二段的长度L2=70mm
（3）右起第三段，该段装有滚动轴承，选用深沟球轴承，则轴承有径向力，而轴向力为零，选用6206型轴承，其尺寸为d×D×B=30×62×16，那么该段的直径为D3=Φ30mm，长度为L3=20mm
（4）右起第四段，为滚动轴承的定位轴肩,其直径应小于滚动轴承的内圈外径，取D4= 35mm，长度取L4= 10mm
（5）右起第五段，该段为齿轮轴段，由于齿轮的齿顶圆直径为Φ44mm，分度圆直径为Φ40mm，齿轮的宽度为45mm，则此段的直径为D5= 44mm，长度为L5=45mm
（6）右起第六段，应为轴Ⅱ两齿轮的安装留出充足空间,留出130mm的长度, D6=30mm
（7）右起第七段，为滚动轴承的定位轴肩,其直径应小于滚动轴承的内圈外径，取D7=40mm，长度取L7= 10mm
（8）右起第八段，该段为滚动轴承安装出处，取轴径为D8=35mm，长度L8=18mm
4.1.3 求齿轮上作用力的大小、方向
（1）小齿轮分度圆直径：