浙江省杭州市上城区2019中考二模英语考试试题.doc

浙江省杭州市上城区2019中考二模英语考试试题
2019年杭州市初中毕业生学业考试二模试卷(上城区)
英语
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
(　　)1.What are the speakers talking about?
A．A language.　　　　　　　B．A course.
C．A teacher.
(　　)2.How many glasses of water can the woman drink every day?
A．Six. B．Seven.
C．Eight.
(　　)3.Which painting does Peter like best?
A．The one of the child.
B．The one of the horses.
C．The one of the fishing boat.
(　　)4.What was wrong with Sarah?
A．She nearly had an accident.
B．She knocked into a taxi.
C．She was seriously hurt.
(　　)5.Where will Linda probably be at 7：00?
A．At the Math Center. B．At Green Park.
C．At home.
第二节(共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分)
听下面3段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。
(　　)6.What is the purpose of the man's phone call?
A．To make an advertisement.
B．To buy some used bookcases.
C．To find workers to paint his study.
(　　)7.What kind of material does the man like best?
A．Stone. B．Metal.
C．Wood.
(　　)8.How much should the man pay in total?
A．$15. B．$45.
C．$75.
听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11三个小题。
(　　)9.How did the speakers prepare for their show?
A．They practiced a lot of times.
B．They discussed it with friends.
C．They asked Miss Taylor for help.
(　　)10.What does the girl worry about?
A．Putting a photo up on the wall.
B．Answering some people's questions.
C．Speaking for more than 15 minutes.
(　　)11.When will the speakers meet next time?
A．This evening.
B．Tomorrow morning.
C．Tomorrow evening.
听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15四个小题。
(　　)12.When did Earth Day start?
A．In 1907. B．In 1917.
C．In 1970.
(　　)13.Which of the following is TRUE about Earth Day?
A．Earth Day first started in the UK.
B．Every Earth Day has a certain theme.
C．It's celebrated in 139 countries every year.
(　　)14.What is the theme for Earth Day 2019?
A．Recycle Paper.
B．Protect Our Animals.
C．Save Elephants and Tigers.
(　　)15.What activity did students in their school do this Earth Day?
A．They cleaned up the towns and roads.
B．They suggested using public transportation.
C．They made posters about animals in danger.
【听力材料】(略)
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。
A
What are you going to do this summer？Do you want to do something differentIf your answer is yes，then things are about to get exciting.Channel 9 is having a new reality TV show this year called Teen Island Challenge.
We're looking for 20 teenagers between the ages of 16 and 18 to take part in.We'll fly you to a Caribbean island at the end of July and leave you there with a camera group.But don't worry，we'll come back and get you a month later.
So what happens？Well，it's an uninhabited island with no other people living there.It will be a tough challenge because there won't be any electricity or running water.You'll sleep in tents，and you'll have some camping lamps.We'll give you some basic food for the first week，such as flour，sugar，oil，canned meat，and canned vegetables.You'll have to find or catch all your fresh food for the rest of the time.As for your kitchen，an open fire and four saucepans will be included.
Yet it is not all about living with the tough conditions.The show will offer you the perfect escape from the real world.With the white beaches just steps away，you can take a walk on the beautiful sands and enjoy the crystal­clear waters.You'll find yourself fully relaxed in this place.
We're holding auditions(试演)to choose the VERY ONES on January 31 in New York！There's been a lot of interest in it already.It's going to be a hit show.Book your auditions now!

【主旨大意】　本文是一则关于青少年暑假参加野外生存挑战的广告。
(　D　)16.What will be provided on the island by the staff of the TV show?
A．Electricity. B．Fish.
C．Fresh vegetables. D．Tents.
[解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“You'll sleep in tents…”可知，应选D。]
(　C　)17.There are about ______ between the audition day and the end of the challenge.
A．5 months B．6 months
C．7 months D．8 months
[解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和第三句可知，野外生存挑战于八月底结束；根据第五段第一句可知，节目在一月三十一号进行海选。故选C。]
(　A　)18.What can be inferred from the passage?
A．A number of teenagers want to join the show.
B．You can only email Gaby if you are interested.
C．The audition will be held on the Caribbean island.
D．People on the island will help you if you're in trouble.
[解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“There's been a lot of interest…a hit show.”可知，选A。]
B
As Wibsom Guarin watched the helicopter (直升飞机) flying above，he wondered if the risk had been worth it.Moments earlier，Guarin and his children had hiked to Hermit Falls in Angeles National Forest，one of the most popular waterfalls in the Los Angeles area.Soon after they arrived，they saw a man got his shoulder hurt when he jumped into the rock pool at the base of Hermit Falls.Less than a minute later，another man jumped and appeared to break both his legs.Guarin said the jumpers just wanted to get a video of themselves and post it to social media.
These hikers，often inexperienced and underprepared，wanted to receive “likes” and shares on Instagram and other social media.This led to a rapid increase in rescue missions(救援任务)．The Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department Research and Rescue teams had 681 missions in 2017，a 20% increase from 2016.
The teams' leaders say the single largest reason for that increase is people posting videos of extreme (极限的) activities online.Then，without any thought about the difficulty，others try to recreate their own 15­second glory(荣耀)．On Instagram，there are a number of posts from visitors setting out to waterfalls and swimming holes in Angeles National Forest.It seems that many hikers are turning into models，posing(摆姿势)nearly the same in the same places.
Robert Garcia，the fire chief officer for Angeles National Forest，doesn't discourage people from enjoying the outdoors.But he points out that many accidents are avoidable.These happen either when people go off trail or pay no attention to warnings about an area being closed.Guarin still thinks about the two injured men.“You become worried about what these people want to do.It's risking too much，” Guarin said.
【主旨大意】　本文主要讲述了许多徒步者尝试危险的户外运动，只是为了将相关视频发布到社交媒体上获赞。由此提醒人们在进行户外运动时要注意安全。
(　B　)19.What is the correct order in which these happened?
a．Guarin watched the helicopter flying above.
b．A man jumped into the rock pool and hurt his shoulder.
c．Guarin and his children hiked to Hermit Falls.
d．A man jumped and seemed to have his legs broken.
A．c－d－b－a B．c－b－d－a
C．a－c－d－b D．a－b－d－c
[解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句到第四句可知，应选B。]
(　D　)20.According to the passage，the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department Research and Rescue teams had about ______ missions in 2016.
A．27 B．136
C．473 D．568
[解析：推理计算题。根据第二段最后一句可计算出2016年的数据为568。故选D。]
(　C　)21.In Paragraph 3，the writer mainly tells us ______.
A．how hikers try hard to re­create their own glory
B．how the visitors hike in Angeles National Forest
C．why rescue missions have increased these years
D．why hikers pose nearly the same in the same places
[解析：段落大意题。通读第三段可知，首句为总起句，所以本段是向我们解释了救援事件增多的原因，故选C。]
(　C　)22.Robert Garcia would most probably agree that ______.
A．it's worth the risk to do the extreme activities outdoors
B．it's dangerous for hikers to enjoy the activities outdoors
C．it's necessary to follow the requirements when people hike
D．it's impossible to prevent the accidents outdoors happening
[解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的第三句可知，应选C。]
C
When someone shouts “Fire！”，people's only thought is to get out of the building fast.Firefighters，on the other hand，race quickly toward the fire.They want to put out the blaze as quickly as possible.
There are more than one million firefighters in the United States today.Firefighters are trained to go to the scene of a fire，find out the intensity(强度)and extent of the fire，judge whether it is safe to enter the area，and then figure out how to put out the flames.While they are doing all these，they also have the responsibility of rescuing any person who may be trapped by the fire.
Back in the 1600s，there were no trained firefighters in the American colonies.Putting out fires was everyone's job.Cities and towns had no indoor plumbing，running water，or fire hydrants，so water from a pond，river，or well had to be carried to the fire in buckets (桶)．When a fire broke out，everyone ran to help.They formed a bucket brigade．Men formed one line leading from the water supply and passed buckets of water to throw on the fire.Women and children formed another line，sending empty buckets back to be filled.This was a very slow way to put out a fire，and many burned to the ground before they could be saved.
Then in 1736，Benjamin Franklin came up with the idea for a fire department.He succeeded asking a group of people in Philadelphia to form the United Union Fire Company.They became the first official volunteer firefighters in the country.
Today three out of four American firefighters are volunteers.These brave men and women do not get paid for their work，but they are in good company.George Washington，Thomas Jefferson and Paul Revere were all volunteer firefighters，too，in their day.In some areas of the United States，you can become a volunteer firefighter.You may have the chance soon!
【主旨大意】　16世纪，美国没有消防队员，当火灾发生时人们全员出动救火还是无济于事。后来，为解决此问题，本杰明·富兰克林成功建立了一支由志愿者组成的消防队。迄今为止，美国的消防队员中有四分之三的人员是不要酬劳的志愿者。
(　D　)23.What does the underlined word “brigade” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．A team of soldiers serving in an army.
B．A kind of machine built to hold buckets.
C．A sort of truck used to fight fires in a city.
D．A group of people organized for a purpose.
[解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的第六句和第七句可知此处表示“他们组成了递桶列队”，故选D。]
(　C　)24.Which of the following statement about firefighters in the United States is TRUE?
A．Women do not serve as volunteer firefighters.
B．Almost half of the firefighters are male volunteers.
C．Most firefighters are between the ages of 20 and 49.
D．One quarter of firefighters don't get paid for their work.
[解析：细节理解题。根据图片中“Between the ages of 20 and 49”中的“75%”可知，大部分的救火队员都是在20到49岁之间。故选C。]
(　A　)25.Benjamin Franklin was the first American to ______.
A．form a fire department
B．lose a house to a fire
C．pay trained firefighters
D．join a bucket brigade
[解析：细节理解题。根据第四段可知，富兰克林是第一个提出建立消防部门的人。选A。]
(　D　)26.What is the author's main purpose to write the article?
A．To introduce different ways to put out a fire.
B．To teach people to be more careful with fire.
C．To tell an entertaining story about a firefighter.
D．To give information about the history of firefighters.
[解析：主旨大意题。阅读全文可知，作者的写作目的是为了向我们介绍美国消防队的来历。故选D。]
D
In a room at Stanford University，scientists are studying a small animal called gecko.It's an amazing animal because it can move very quickly up and down a tree and it can even walk upside down on ceilings.The scientists are particularly interested in the gecko's feet.They want to use the same design on their own robots.The metal robot looks very similar to the gecko.It has four feet which can also walk up walls made of glass or plastic.However，it still has a more difficult time when it tries to walk upside down.
Animals and plants can teach humans a lot about design and engineering.When scientists and engineers have a problem，nature often has the answer.This science is called biomimetics.Bio­ means “studying living things” and mimetics means “copying the movement of things”．In other words，scientists study animals and plants in order to copy the design.
Take，for example，a whale.Engineers in Canada are studying their flippers because they move effectively through water.The engineers think the shape can also improve the movement of wind turbines(涡轮机)．Similarly，the boxfish is another animal from the sea which is helping car producers in Germany.Mercedes Benz is using the shape of the fish for one of its new cars.The shape makes it faster and more fuel­efficient.
Velcro is probably the most famous example of biomimetics.Most people have some Velcro on an item of clothing.It was invented by the Swiss engineer，George de Mestral in 1948.He was walking in the countryside when he pulled a plant's bur(刺果)from his trousers.He noticed how the bur stuck so well to his clothes.He worked on his idea and the result was Velcro，which became an affordable alternative(替代品)to the traditional zip.
In conclusion，biomimetics has helped to design our world and there are many more future possibilities.Unfortunately，it might take a long time to discover all the possibilities.This isn't really surprising because it's taken nature thousands of years to design its animals and plants.
【主旨大意】　科学家们学习研究动植物，并将其优点注入自己的设计发明中，从而为人们的生活带来便利。
(　C　)27.The writer organizes Paragraph 1 by ______.
A．listing opinions B．using numbers
C．giving an example D．showing reasons
[解析：细节理解题。文章第一段向我们举例说明了这个金属机器人设计的由来。故选C。]
(　C　)28.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．The whale. B．The boxfish.
C．The car. D．The turbine.
[解析：推理判断题。根据前一句可知，奔驰用boxfish的形状设计了自己新形状的车，由此可推知此处it指代前一句中的车。故选C。]
(　B　)29.Which of the following shows the structure(结构)of the passage？(P＝Paragraph)
A. B.
C. D.
[解析：推理判断题。阅读文章可知，第一段是一个例子；第二段作者阐述了第一段的例子中的科学原理；讲明之后作者又分别举了第三段和第四段的两个例子；最后一段是结论。故选B。]
(　D　)30.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A．Gecko—an amazing animal
B．Plants and biomimetics
C．The nature and engineers
D．Biomimetics and inventions
[解析：标题归纳题。阅读全文可知，本文主要关于科学家们学习研究动植物，并将其优点注入自己的设计发明中，从而为人们的生活带来便利。故选D。]
第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
下面文章中有五处(第31－35题)需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中选出符合各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。
Nobody imagines that，one day，they might be left on a desert island—but it could happen.So it's a good idea to learn a few key skills that would help you to survive if it happens to you.
31．__B__
The first thing you need to do is to make a shelter on the beach，near the sea，so that you have a good view of any ships that pass your island.Your most important task is finding a way to get off the island，so you can't miss any opportunities of seeing somebody who could rescue you.
32．__E__
It's a good idea to build your shelter near some trees.It will provide shade from the hot sun.If you get sunburned，you won't be able to carry out the tasks you need to do to stay alive.If there were coconut trees，you could also use the oil from the coconut to protect your skin.
33．__D__
Obviously，you need to stay out of the way of any harmful animal or insect.Make a bed that is off the ground—you don't want to share your bed with snakes or other creepy crawlies.
34．__F__
If you are out in the hot sun all day，you will need about ten litres of fresh water per day.If you can't find a stream on the island，rain water will be your best chance of surviving.You need to make containers(容器)to catch and store rain water.Large plants with huge leaves are a good way to collect water.But never drink sea water—it will make you even more thirsty.
35．__A__
Finally，you need to do anything possible to be seen and rescued.If you don't have what you n