2018高考阅读理解七选五及解析.doc

2018高考阅读理解七选五及解析
【2018全国I】
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Color is fundamental in home design—something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 36 , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.
Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. 37 , they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.
38 . They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.
Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. 39 . They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.
The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. 40 .
A. While all of them are useful
B. Whatever you’re looking for
C. If you’re experimenting with a color
D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with
E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways

答案与解析
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在房间装饰设计中颜色的重要性，并详细说明了小、中、大三种规格的装饰颜色的不同作用。

36. B 逗号“，”后面是一个简单句，可知该空是一个从句，上文提到“你想要一间充满活力的房间吗？职业化的？还是在寻找一处忙碌了一整天后放松的地方？”可知，接下来将是对上文的总结，无论你找什么样的房间，颜色是关键。且选项B中的looking for和上文的want和looking for相呼应。
37. A 逗号“，”后面是一个简单句，可知该空是一个从句，空格上一句提到“多年来，有许多许多技术帮助设计者达到这一目标。”由此可推断“这些技术都很有用”，选项A中的them指代的是different techniques。
38. D 上一段结尾提到三种选择: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones。接下来分别一一介绍。且该段中作者提到小物品如小靠垫、镜子、篮子等的颜色可以给房间带来视觉上的乐趣，以及其他好处。由此可知，本段介绍的是small color choices。
39. G 该空下一句提到中等物品颜色的选择和小物品作比较的两个方面：一是花费，二是对空间感觉的影响。与选项G中的two major ways相呼应。
40. F 该空上一句提到，大的方面的颜色选择所投入的时间、精力和相关费用都是相当多的。与选项F中的pay相呼应。
【2018全国II】
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. 36 Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.
● Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. 37
● Your metabolism (新陈代谢) gets a head start. 38 If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.
● 39 Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.
● 40 If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.
There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.
A. You will stick to your diet.

B. Your quality of sleep improves.
C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.
F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you’re doing it now, then listen up!
答案与解析
这是一篇说明文。列举了早晨锻炼对人体的四条好处，号召人们早点起床，进行身体锻炼。

36. G根据空前的内容“生活忙碌没有时间锻炼”和空后的内容“晨练除了身体健康之外，还能带来其他好处”，下文接着列举了晨练的其他好处。由此可知，此处缺一个承上启下句。所以G选项符合语境，意为“如果你计划定期锻炼或者现在已经定期锻炼了，那么听好了！”
37. E 根据上一句“锻炼会让你更加神清气爽，更好地应对一天当中发生的任何事情。”
可知E项“你可以在运动后保持头脑清醒4-10个小时。”是对上一句的进一步解释。故选E。
38. F上一句说的是，晨练有利于新陈代谢，下一句说的是晨练能帮助消耗卡路里，因此F句“锻炼后，这一天里你将继续消耗卡路里”符合逻辑，故选F。
39. B 此处缺一个主题句。空后句子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。B项“你的睡眠质量提高了。”是对后面内容的总述。故选B。
40. A 此处缺一个主题句。根据空后句子“如果你在早晨锻炼身体，你将更有可能坚持健康的食物选择。”，A项“你会坚持你的饮食习惯。”符合本段内容，起到统领下文的作用。故选A。

【2018全国III】
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow ,life and death, and everything else in between.
___36___We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays , office parties and just to fill the time.
“I adore dancing,” says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I can't imagine doing anything else with my life." Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. "Teaching dance is wonderful. ____37____It's great to watch them. For many of them, it's a way of meeting people and having a social life."
___38___"I can tell you about one young couple," says Bridges. “They're learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. _____39_____”
So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says, “Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better.____40____ I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me I'm alive."
A. So why do we dance?
B. Dance in the U.S. is everywhere.
C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.
D. My older students say it makes them feel young.
E. I keep practicing even When I'm extremely tired.
F. Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.
G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.
答案与解析
本文为说明文。主要介绍了跳舞的好处。
36.B 下文提到We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea以及We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties可知舞蹈在美国无处不在。
37.D 上一句提到舞蹈教学，下一句又紧接着It’s great to watch them可推知空格处应与教学活动有关。选项D 提到学生的感受，符合语境，且My older students与them与相呼应。
38.A 本段谈到跳舞给一对年轻夫妇带来的改变，可推知本段开始介绍跳舞的原因。
39.F 上文提到这位夫妇来教室时情绪低落，离开时却面带微笑，说明舞蹈改变了他们。选项F中change their feelings 是对上文的概括。
40.E 由上一句Even after all these years以及下一句I find it hard to stop可知Andrea Hillier一直坚持跳舞，选项E 中的keep practicing与之对应。