疯狂高考文综直通车qq.225148774【英语-高频考点解读5】.docx

【高频考点解读】
情态动词是各地高考试题中的必考项目，每年高考单项填空必有一道考查情态动词的项目。考点依次是：推测(可能性)→请求/允许→必要性→特殊用法。试题的立意不偏不怪，但有效信息越来越隐蔽，语境越来越真实，考查角度越来越细致，这些因素在很大程度上增加了试题的难度。而虚拟语气的试题偏少，有些省份已将虚拟语气列为不考的项目。
【热点题型】[来源:Z&xx&k.Com]
题型一 情态动词的基本用法
例1、One of our rules is that every student ________ wear school uniform while at school.
A．might　　　　　　　　　B．could
C．shall D．will
【提分秘籍】
1．can和could的用法
(1)表示“能力”。
—No one can be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.
—Oh，you are really his big fan.
——在打篮球方面，无人能与姚明相媲美。
——你真是姚明的铁杆粉丝。
(2)表示惊讶，常用在否定句和疑问句中。
How could you do such a silly thing?
你怎么能做那样的蠢事呢？
2．may和might的用法
(1)may和might表示“许可”,“可能性”,“祝愿”等意义。
—May I take this book out?
—I’m afraid not.
——我能将书带出吗？
——恐怕不行。
(2)“may as well＋动词原形”意为“最好,满可以,倒不如”。
We may as well stay where we are.
我们留在现在的地方倒也不错。
3．must的用法
(1)must表“必须”，其否定形式mustn’t表示“禁止”。
You mustn’t park here！It’s an emergency exit.
你不可以在这儿停车！这是紧急情况出口处。
(2)表示“偏执”，“固执”。
Don’t interrupt me，John.Must you force me to tell you the truth at the moment?
约翰，你别打断我说话。你非得逼我这时告诉你真相吗？
4．shall的用法
(1)用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示。
—What time shall I pick you up at your house tomorrow，sir?
—I haven’t decided on the time.But I will call you.
——先生，我明天什么时候到你家接你呢？
——我还没有决定时间，但是我会给你打电话的。
(2)用于第二、第三人称陈述句中,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。
No driving electric motor bikes in some areas is a rule that you shall obey in Fuzhou.
在一些地区不许骑电动车是你在福州必须遵守的一个规定。
5．should和ought to的用法
(1)should表示“应该”、“竟然”、“万一”。
You should take advantage of this opportunity.
你应该好好利用这个机会。
It seems unfair that this should happen to me.
真不公平，这件事竟然发生在我身上。
If it should rain tomorrow，don’t expect me.
万一明天下雨，就不要等我了。
(2)ought to表示“应该”
You ought to diet and take more exercise.
你应该节食并多做运动。
6．will和would的用法
(1)表示意志、意愿和决心等。would用于过去的情况。
John promised his doctor he would not smoke，and he has never smoked ever since.约翰答应他的医生不再吸烟了，自从那时起他就再也不吸烟了。
I have told him again and again to stop smoking，but he will not listen.
我已再三告诉他戒烟，但是他就是不听。
(2)will可以表示一种习惯性的动作，有“总是”或“总要”之意。would可以表示过去的习惯性动作，比used to正式，但没有“现已无此习惯”的含义
Every morning he will have a walk along this river.
每天早晨，他总是沿着小河散步。
When we worked in the same firm several years ago，we would often go to the cinema together.
几年前我们在同一家公司工作时,我们常常一起去电影院。
【举一反三】
I________ use a clock to wake me up because at six o’clock each morning the train comes by my house.
A．couldn’t　 B．mustn’t
C．shouldn’t　　 D．needn’t
题型二 情态动词表“推测”
例2、—Jack，take more clothes when going camping.It ________ be very cold in the mountains.
—Thank you，Mum.I will.
A．can B．should
C．shall D．must [来源:学科网ZXXK]
【提分秘籍】
1．“must＋动词原形”用于肯定句中，表示肯定推测或判断，有“一定”之意。
—It’s the office! So you must know eating is not allowed here.
—Oh，sorry.
——这是办公室！所以你一定知道这里不许吃东西。
——噢，对不起。 [来源:学科网ZXXK]
2．can用于肯定句中有时可以用来表示推测，意为“有时会”；用于疑问句中可以表示推测，意为“可能”，有时表示一种惊讶的语气;用于否定句中也可以表示推测;can’t意为“不可能”语气很强烈。
It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but it can be rather cold sometimes.
我的家乡在三月份通常很暖和，但有时候也会相当冷。
Don’t play with the dog，Jack，for it can be dangerous at times.
杰克，不要逗狗玩，因为狗有时可能很危险。
There is no light in the room.She can’t be at home now.
房间里没有灯光。她现在不可能在家里。
3．may，might用于肯定句中可以用来表示推测，意为“可能”，用于否定句中也可以表示推测；may not意为“可能不”，表示一种不太确定的语气。
—Is there an express to Beijing tonight?
—There might be，but you’d better call the booking office to make sure.
——今晚有去北京的快车吗？
——可能有，不过你最好给订票处打电话确认一下。
4．should用来表示推测时意为“应该”，即含有“按道理来说应当如此”的意思。
The public transport in Beijing is very convenient，so there shouldn’t be any difficulty in traveling around the city.
现在北京的公共交通非常便利，所以在市区观光不应该有什么困难。
【举一反三】
—Where is Mr.Jack?
—He ________ have gone far—his mobile phone is still on the desk.
A．shouldn’t B．must
C．couldn’t D．might [来源:Z。xx。k.Com]
题型三 情态动词＋have done
例3、We ________ the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me?
A．should face　 B．might face
C．could have faced D．must have faced
【提分秘籍】
1．can/could have done表示“本来可以做，而实际上未做”或者“过去可能”，疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为表示怀疑或不肯定，其中can’t have done多用于语气强烈的否定，意为“不可能做过”。
She can’t have left school，for her bike is still here.
因为她的自行车仍然在这儿，她不可能离开学校了。
2．needn’t have done表示本来不必做某事而实际上却做了。
I actually needn’t have bought so much wine—only three people came.
其实我本没必要买这么多酒，只来了三个人。
3．must have done表示对过去行为的推测，意为“一定，想必”，语气十分肯定。
It must have been Tom that parked the car here，as he is the only one with a car.
一定是汤姆把车停在这里的，因为只有他有车。
4．should/ought to have done用于肯定句时，表示本该做某事，而实际上未做；用于否定句时，则表示不该做的事反而做了。
I’m not feeling well in the stomach.I shouldn’t have eaten so much fried chicken just now.
我现在觉得肚子疼，我刚才不应该吃那么多的炸鸡的。
5．may/might have done表示对过去行为的推测，意为“可能做过”。
might所表示的可能性比较弱，语气较委婉。此外might have done可表示“本可能做而实际上未做”。
—Why didn’t Alex attend the party yesterday evening?
—He might not have wanted to see me.
——为什么Alex昨晚没参加晚会？
——他有可能不想见到我。
【举一反三】
Sorry，Cathy，I didn’t know that you were badly short of money then.But you ________me for help.
A．must have asked B．could have asked
C．would have asked D．may have asked
题型四 条件句中的虚拟语气
例4、Sorry，I am too busy now.If I ________ time，I would certainly go for an outing with you.
A．have had B．had had
C．have D．had
【提分秘籍】
情况
从句的动词
主句的动词
例句
与现在
事实相反
动词的过去式(be动词一律用were)
would/could/ should/might＋动词原形
If I had time，I would attend your party.
如果我有时间，我就去参加你的宴会了。
与过去
事实相反
had＋过去分词
would/could/ should/might＋have＋过去分词
If he had followed my advice，he wouldn’t have lost his job.
如果他(当时)接受我的建议，就不会丢掉他的工作了。
与将来
事实相反
动词的过去式；should＋动词原形;were to＋动词原形
would/could/ might/should＋动词原形
If it snowed/were to snow/should snow tomorrow, we would take photos.
如果明天下雪,我们就照相。
【温馨提示】
1．混合虚拟语气
有时主句和虚拟条件从句的动作发生的时间不一致，此时,主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选择适当的动词形式。
If he hadn’t hurt his legs in the last training，he would join in the coming World Cup，which he has been longing to compete in.
要是在上次训练中他的腿没受伤的话，他会参加他渴望已久的世界杯。
2．含蓄虚拟语气
有时为了表达的需要,假设的情况并不以if条件句表示出来，而是通过but for，without，otherwise，or等介词、副词暗含在上下文中。
I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour，otherwise I would not have kept you waiting for such a long time.
交通堵塞了一个多小时，否则我不会让你等这么长时间的。
But for your help，it would have caused a serious loss.
要不是你的帮助，那将会导致巨大的损失。
3．若条件句中有were，had，should，可把if省略，而把were，had，should放在主语前，形成倒装结构，这种结构主要用于书面语中。
Had you taken my advice，you wouldn’t have failed in the examination.
如果你听了我的建议，你就不会考试不及格了。
【举一反三】
If it were not for the fact that you ________ill，I would ask you to do this now.
A．were B．had been
C．are D．should be
题型五 从句中的虚拟语气
例5、Jack is a great talker.It’s high time that he ________ something instead of just talking.
A．will do B．has done
C．do D．did
【提分秘籍】
1．if only引导的感叹句中，要用虚拟语气，表示愿望。
Look at the trouble we’re in.If only we had taken our teacher’s advice！看看我们现在所处的困境，要是我们接受老师的建议就好了。

2．It is (high/about) time (that)．..句型中的虚拟语气。
—Tom，it’s high time you took the medicine.
—Thank you for reminding me，I almost forgot it.
——Tom，该是你服药的时间了。
——感谢你提醒我，我几乎都忘了。
3.would rather句型中的虚拟语气表示愿望,意为“宁愿,但愿”.
—Do you mind if we set out earlier tomorrow morning?
—Well，I’d rather you didn’t.
——我们明天早晨早出发你介意吗？
——我宁愿你不早出发。
4．wish后面所跟宾语从句中的虚拟语气。
表示对现在情况的虚拟：wish＋主语＋动词过去式或were
表示对过去情况的虚拟：wish＋主语＋had＋过去分词
表示对将来情况的虚拟：wish＋主语＋would＋动词原形
—Do you know his address?
—No，I also wish I knew where he lives.
——你知道他的地址吗？
——不，我也希望我知道他住在哪。

5．在名词性从句中，用来表示命令、建议、要求、愿望等的词后宾语从句和同位语从句中常用虚拟语气，形式为：(should)＋动词原形。常这样用的动词有：advise劝告，demand要求，desire渴望，command命令，insist坚持，prefer宁愿，urge主张，order命令，recommend推荐，request要求，require要求，suggest建议，以及这些词的名词形式。
The doctor recommended that he (should) give up smoking for the benefit of his health.
为了身体健康医生建议他戒烟。
【举一反三】 [来源:学科网]
Jack is a great talker.It’s high time that he ________ something instead of just talking.
A．will do B．has done
C．do D．did
【高考风向标】
【2015·北京】29．—Can’t you stay a little longer?
—It’s getting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone.
A .may B .can C . must D .dare
【2015·北京】34. If I _____it with my own eyes ,I wouldn’t have believed it.
A . didn’t see B. weren’t seeing C. wouldn’t see D. hadn’t seen
【2015·重庆】7.Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.
A. didn’t write B. hadn’t written
C. wouldn’t write D. wouldn’t have written
【2015·重庆】12. You ____ be Carol. You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.
A. must B. can C. will D. shall
【2015·天津】7. I ______ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
A. mightn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. couldn’t
【2015·天津】13. I wish I ______ at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.
A. will be B. would be C. have been D. had been
【2015·四川】2.You _____be careful with the camera. It costs!
A .must B. may C. can D. will
【2015·陕西】21. You feel all the training a waste of time, but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful you did it.
A. should B. need C. shall D. may
【2015·陕西】23.Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I as well as her.
A. dance B. will dance C. had danced D. danced
【2015·江苏】28. It might have saved me some trouble ______ the schedule.
A. did I know B. have I known C. do I know D. had I known
【2015·安徽】32.It is lucky we booked a room, or we ______nowhere to stay now.
A had B. had had C. would have D. would have had
1．(2014·大纲全国卷)Although you________find bargains in London, it's not generally a cheap place to shop.
2．(2014·重庆卷)—I spent two weeks in London last summer.
—Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay, ________ you?
3．(2014·湖南卷)If Mr. Dewey ________(be) present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.
4．(2014·福建卷)________(there be) no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
5．(2014·四川卷)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother __take me to Disneyland at weekends.qq.2251148774
6．(2014·安徽卷)People are recycling many things which they________(throw) away in the past.
7．(2014·陕西卷)My book, The House of Hades, is missing. Who ________ have taken it?
8．(2014·天津卷)________(catch) the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.
9．(2014·浙江卷)They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they________(come) to our help.
10．(2014·江苏卷)It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, ________bring me food.
11．(2013·北京，35)—You needn't take an umbrella.It isn't going to rain
—Well, I don't know.It________do.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A．might B．need C．would D．should
12．(2013·辽宁，31)Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He________too much at the party last night.
A．could drink B．should drink
C．would have drunk D．must have drunk
13．(2013·四川，5)—Why are your eyes so red？You____have slept well last night.
—Yeah，I stayed up late writing a report.
A．can't B．mustn't C．needn't D．won't
14．(2013·天津，9)No one________ be more generous；he has a heart of gold.
A．could B．must C．dare D．need
15．(2013·新课标Ⅰ，29)The door________open，no matter how hard she pushed.
A．shouldn't B．couldn't C．wouldn't D．mightn't
16．(2013·北京，34)If we________a table earlier, we couldn't be standing here in a queue.
A．have booked B．booked
C．book D．had booked
17．(2013·福建，30)—Do you think George has passed the driving test?
—No.If so，he ________ his car to our college yesterday.
A．would drive B．drove
C．would have driven D．had driven
18．(2013·陕西，12)My mom suggests that we ________ eat out for a change this weekend.
A．should B．might C．could D．would
19．(2013·浙江，8)Eye doctors recommend that a child's first eye exam ________ at the age of six months old.
A．was B．be C．were D．is
20．(2013·安徽，28)I________to my cousin's birthday party last night, but I was not available.
A．went B．had gone
C．would go D．would have gone
【高考押题】
1. If you ________ smoke, please go outside.
A．can B．should
C．must D．may
2．—Why didn't you come to Simon's party last night?
—I wanted to, but my mom simply ________ not let me out so late at night.
A．could B．might
C．would D．should
3． The police still haven't found the lost child，but they're doing all they ________.
A．can B．may
C．must D．should
4．They ________ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.
A．will B．can
C．must D．Shouldqq.2251148774
5．—I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.
—How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone______it.
A. will have stolen B. might have stolen
C. should have stolen D. must have stolen
6．—How's your new babysitter?
—We ________ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.
A．should B．might
C．mustn't D．couldn't
7．If you______go, at least wait until the storm is over.
A．can　　　 B．may　　
C．must　　　 D．will
8．—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?
—I am afraid you______，in case he comes late for the meeting.
A．will B．must
C．may D．can
9．—I don't really like James. Why did you invite him?
—Don't worry. He ________ come. He said he wasn't certain what his plans were.
A. must not B. need not
C. would not D. might not
10．—Where are the children? The dinner's going to be completely ruined.
—I wish they ________ always late.
A. weren't B. hadn't been
C. wouldn't be D. wouldn't have been
11. Maybe if I ________ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.
A. studied B. would study
C. had studied D. was studying
12．—No one ________ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.
—Oh, you are really his big fan.
A．can　　　 B．need 　　　
C．must 　　　 D．might
13．I________through that bitter period without your generous help.
A. couldn't have gone B. didn't go
C. wouldn't go D. hadn't gone
14．—Will you read me a story, Mummy?
—OK.You________have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.
A. might B. must
C. could D. shall
15．It ________ be the postman at the door. It's only six o'clock.
A．mustn't B．can't
C．won't D．needn't
16．We ________ John's name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.
A．will put B．will have put
C．would put D．would have put
17．Just be patient.You ______ expect the world to change so soon.
A．can't　　　　　　　　　 B．needn't
C．may not D．will not
18. I'm afraid Mr.H