B形容词性从句.pptx

第九讲第九讲 三大从句（三大从句（2）-形容词性从句引子：I dont like the lazy people.I dont like people whoneverkeeptheirmind.定语从句：先行词与关系代词暧昧关系产生两个最基本的概念：两个最基本的概念：先行词：被修饰的名词先行词：被修饰的名词关系词：指代先行词的关系代词或者关系副关系词：指代先行词的关系代词或者关系副词词I dont like people whoneverkeeptheirmind.先行词：先行词：关系词：关系词：注意：区分引导词引导词与关系词关系词Shetoldmethatshehadwonthecompetition.Thatshehadwonthecompetitionsurprisedmealot.Thefactwasthatshehadwonthecompetition.Thefactthatshewonthecompetitionappealstome.The information which surprised me a lot was from him.Ilikeguys.Theyhaveagoodsenseofhumor.Ilikeguyswhohaveagoodsenseofhumor.这位女士是一位著名的舞者。这位女士是一位著名的舞者。她非常的漂亮，优雅。她非常的漂亮，优雅Theladyisafamousdancer.Sheisveryprettyandgraceful.Theladyisafamousdancerwhoisveryprettyandgraceful.先行词-决定了关系词先行词为人：who,whom，that先行词为物：which,that 先行词为人物所有关系：whose先行词：时间、地点、原因先行词是人-先行词是人-who The girls who are singing in front of the hall are from my school.The other day I helped an old lady who had lost her way.Angerisathiefwhostealsawaythenicemoments.Thereisthisdifferencebetweenhappinessandwisdom:thepersonwhothinkshimselfthehappiestmanreallyisso;butthepersonwhothinkshimselfthewisestisgenerallythegreatestfool.Friendship is a very difficult thing.It is hard to handle.It creates many difficult problems.In facts I would say that friendship is hard to as love is,or even marriage.Of course I am not talking about easy-come-easy-go friendship.I am talking about friends whocare deeply about each other,who support each other,whomake life worth living.I am talking about friends who you can share almost everything with.I am talking about friends whocare deeply about each other,who support each other,whomake life worth living.I am talking about friends who you can share almost everything with.想想：想想：who作为关系代词指先行词，那作为关系代词指先行词，那么么who在从句中做什么成分？在从句中做什么成分？Arichpersonisnotonewhohasthemost,butisonewhoneedsleast.Theworldisabook,andthosewhodonottravelreadonlyonepage.Hewhoisnothandsomeattwenty,notstrongatthirty,norrichatforty,norwiseatfifty,willneverbehandsome,strong,rich,orwise.This is the boy who saved the little dog.Who 在所引导的定语从句中作主语。凤姐是一个能让天下人抓狂的美女。凤姐是一个能让天下人抓狂的美女。SisterFengisaprettywhocandriveeveryonecrazyintheworld.Who在定在定语从句中只作从句中只作主主语嘛？嘛？Maryis thegirlwhoIhadatalkwith.MaryturnedouttobethegirlwhoImetatthemeeting.Who在定语从句中可以做宾语。在定语从句中可以做宾语。结论：结论：who在引导的定语从句中可以做在引导的定语从句中可以做主语主语宾语宾语先行词是人-WHOME Mary is the girl whom I had a talk with.Mary is the girl with whom I had a talk with.Whom 在定语从句中做宾语想想：想想：who和和whom有什么区别？有什么区别？1.WHO 作宾语前面不能与介词搭配I am talking about friends who you can share almost everything with.I am talking about friends withwhomyou can share almost everything.2.WHOM 在从句中不能作主语A rich person is not one who has the most,but the one who needs the least.A rich person is not one whom has the most,but the one who needs the least.小结：先行词指人可以用who,whom 引导，但是who 在从句中做主语，宾语；不能谓语介词之后；Whom 可以做宾语，表语先行词是物-先行词是物-whichAnger is a wind which blows out the lamp of the mind.先行词：关系代词：Football is a game which is mainly liked by boys.The shop which sells toys is not far from here.This is the book which I bought yesterday.我有一只从别人家里顺来的小狗。I have a dog which was stolen from others.which在从句在从句中做什么成分中做什么成分？WHICH 通常在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，宾通常在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，宾语可以省略。语可以省略。WearestudyingEnglishwhichisaveryusefultool.Iwasinterestedinthestorywhichshetoldmeyesterday.Iwasinterestedinthestoryshetoldmeyesterday.先行词是人和物THAT 关系代词关系代词that既可以指人又可以指物既可以指人又可以指物Goldhelphimthathelpshimself.Theseasonthatcomesafterspringissummer.That 指人等于who,whomGoldhelphimthat/whohelpshimself.That 指物等于which Theseasonthat/whichcomesafterspringissummer.That在定语从句中做主语或宾语，宾语可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，宾语可以省略。省略。他就是那个我一见钟情的女孩。She is the girl who I fell in love with at the first sight.She is the girl with whom I fell in love at the first sight.She is the girl that I fell in love with at the first sight.难点：1.先行词同时指人和物时，用thatThe writer and his novels that the article deals with are quite familiar to us.The man and his dog that were trapped in the accident captured others attention.2.All,few,one,little,none做先行词用做先行词用thatAll that glitters is not gold.This book contains little that is useful.There is not much that can be done 3.Thefirst,thelast,thenext,theonly,序序数词、形容词最高级修饰先行词用数词、形容词最高级修饰先行词用thatTheonlythingthatweshoulddoisfindourwayhome.Heistheonlymanthatcanspeakfourforeignlanguagesinourcountry.4.Something,nothing,anything,everything做先行词用做先行词用that先行词是人和物的所有关系先行词指所有关系-whose I have found a friend whose father is an artist.I once lived in a house whose roof has collapsed.Whose在从句中作定语在从句中作定语Whose+名词，在从句中做主语，宾语名词，在从句中做主语，宾语I have found a friend whose father is an artist.先行词是：时间地点原因时间-when 地点-where原因-why October 1,1949 was a day when the PRC was founded.The house where I lived in my childhood has been pulled down.I dont know the reason why he looks unhappy today.想想：When Where Why 在从句中做什么成分？When-在从句中做时间状语；I will never forget the day whenI met you.The day when we stop learning is the day when we die.I will never forget the timewhichI spent on campus.I will never forget the daywhenwe first met in the park.This is the town where I spent my childhood.This is the townwhichI told you about before.Is this the factory _ you visited the other day?A.That B.where C.in which D.the oneIs this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday?A.That B.where C.which D.the oneIs this the factory _ he worked ten years before?A.That B.where C.which D.the one关系副词相当于介词+WHICHWhen=in/during/on which Where=in/at/on which Why=for which New York is the city in which I met my boy friend.New York is the city where I met my boy friend.练练手1.this is the museum_ I visited a few days ago.A.where B.that C.on which D.whose 2.this is the museum_ the exhibition was held.A.where B.that C.on which D.which 非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句Thedriverswhoknewthetrafficjamtookanotherroad.Thedrivers,whoknewthetrafficjam,tookanotherroad.先行词种类先行词是一个词She is the pretty girl who won the Nobel Prize last year.先行词是一个短语：In the Europe,as elsewhere,multi-media group have been increasingly successful groups which bring together television,radio,newspapers,magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another.先行词是一个句子先行词是一个句子-非限非限Hesaidthathehadnotime,whichisnottrue.Mygirllikesdancing,whichdrovemecrazy.AS 引导的非限1.as引导非限可放于句首引导非限可放于句首Asissooftenpointedout,knowledge is a two-edged weapon which can be used equally for good or evil.辨析Asweallknow,theworldisround.Asweallknowthattheworldisround.2.as引导非限可放于句中引导非限可放于句中There is,ashasbeensuggested,a growing body of research literature in journalist and broadcasting,but very little significant attention has been devoted to the study of interview itself.3.as引导非限可于句尾引导非限可于句尾She has married again,aswasexpected.She has married again,which was unexpected.She is very careful,asherworkshows.剥茧抽丝One of the things thatfascinatesusmostaboutcatsis the popular beliefthattheyhaveninelives.同位语从句与定语从句：同位语从句与定语从句：I have got an information thatI have got an information that the pretty girl likes me.I have got an information that surprised me a lot.实战演练：（2009 四川）News came from the school _ Wang Ling had been admitted to Beijng university.A.Which B.what C.that D.where 定语从句解题技巧：第一步：判定先行词（人，物，所以关系，时间，地点，原因）第二步：分析从句成分（主谓宾）练习：1.Withofficesbecomingmoreandmoremechanized，thereisnoproblem_canbefixedinafewhoursAwhichBthatCbutDwhat2.Thehours_thechildrenspendintheironewayrelationwithtelevisionpeopleundoubtedlyaffecttheirrelationshipwithreal-peopleAjnwhichBonwhichCwhenDthat3.As a child,Jack studied in a village school,_ is named after his grandfather.A.which B.where C.what D.that4、I refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses fault.A.who B.that C.as D.what 5.Children who are not active or _ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.A.what B.whose C.which D.that6.Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planets_ life has developed gradually.A.that B.where C.which D.whose7.Ive become good friend with several of the student in my school _I meet in the English speech contest last year.A.who B.where C.when D.which 8.The newly built caf,the walls of_ are painted light green,is really a peaceful place for us,specially after hard work.A.that B.it C.what D.which 9.The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister _she would stay for an hour.A.where B.who C.which D.what10.Thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen.A.that B.which C.whose D.what11.The old temple _ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair.A.where B.which C.its D.whose12.After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，_turned out to be a wise decision.A.that B.which C.when D.where13.Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?You should try the barbers _ I go.Its only 15.A.as B.which C.where D.that14.The house I grew up _ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.A.in it B.in C.in that D.in which 15.Its helpful to put children in a situation _they can see themselves differently.A.that B.when C.which D.where 16.Ill give you my friends home address，_I can be reached most evenings.A.which B.when C.whom D.where